General Microbiology Syllabus 4j6i68
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Republic of the Philippines MINDANAO UNIVERSITY OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY (Formerly Mindanao Polytechnic State College) C.M. Recto Avenue, Lapasan, 9000 Cagayan de Oro City Tel. Nos. (088) 856-1738 / 856-1739 Telefax (088) 856-4696 SCHOOL OF ATRS AND SCIENCES DEPARTMENT OF FOOD SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
General Microbiology COURSE SYLLABUS Course Code: Btech 20 Course Title: General Microbiology Credit Units: 4 Units Time Allotment: 54 hrs. Course Description: General Microbial Biology consists of both lecture and laboratory. The course will cover eukaryotic and prokaryotic microbes and viruses, but will emphasize bacteria. This course will provide a conceptual and experimental background in microbiology sufficient to enable students to take more advanced courses in related fields. After taking this course, students are provided with understanding and knowledge on the value of microbes in life rather than as disease agents. It is expected that the students will be motivated to develop their innovation on exploiting microbes for positive purposes in human living. COURSE OBJECTIVES: After completion of this course, students are expected to be able to understand the ubiquity of microorganisms and their structure, chemistry, and metabolism. Differentiate the structural and functional characteristics of prokaryotes and eukaryotes. Understand energy metabolism of chemotrophs and phototrophs. Understand up-to-date molecular recombinant technology, and understand the potential of microorganisms in industries and ecosystems.
Course Content TOPICS
TIME FRAM E
SPECIFIC OBJECTIVES
Orientation a. VMGO b. Course Requirements Grading System
1 hour
At the end of the class the students are expected to: a. Familiarize the College VMGO b. Know the requirement of the course c. Know the grading system
Brief History of Microbiology a. What is microbiology? b. Why study microbiology? c. Careers in microbiology d. First microorganisms on earth e. Pioneers in the science of microbiology
4 hrs
a. b.
c.
d. e. f.
g. f.
Define microbiology Describe the worldchanging scientific contributions of Leeuwenhoek Define microbes in the words of Leeuwenhoek and as we know them today List the four steps in the scientific method of investigation List the contributions made by Koch to the field of microbiology List the four steps that must be taken to prove the cause of an infectious disease Describe the contribution of Gram to the field of microbiology Identify the field of microbiology that studies the role of microorganisms in the environment
KEY WORDS
Microbiolog y Microbes
ACTIVITY AND LEARNING APPROAC H
Interactiv e CD Powerpoin t Group dynamics, Lecture
VALUES/SKI LLS INTEGRATIO N
RESOURC ES NEEDED
EVALUATI ON MEASURE S
Appreciatio n and awareness of the college VMGO and grading system To appreciate the value of microorgani sms in the environmen t Awareness on the contribution of the different scientist in the field of microbiolog y Appreciate the value of naming and classifying organisms
Syllabus College handbook
Oral/writte n exam
Books Laptop CD Projector LCD
Reporting Oral exam Written exam Seatwork, Case presentati on
Cell structure and function a. The processes of life b. Eukaryotic cell VS prokaryotic cells
8hrs
a. Describe four major processes of living cells b. Compare and contrast prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells c. Describe the composition, function, and relevance to human health of glycocalyces d. Distinguish between capsules and slime layers e. Discuss the structure and function of prokaryotic flagella f. Compare and contrast the structures and functions of fimbriae, pili, and flagella g. Compare and contrast the cell walls of Gram positive and Gram negative bacteria in of structure and Gram staining h. Diagram a phospholipid bilayer, and explain its significance in reference to a cytoplasmic membrane i. Explain the fluid mosaic model of membrane structure j. Compare and contrast the ive and active processes by which materials cross the cytoplasmic membrane k. Describe prokaryotic cytoplasm and its basic contents l. Describe the formation
Cell Prokaryotes Eukaryotes Capsules Flagella Pili Gram positive Gram negative Cytoplasm Endospore
Interactiv e CD Powerpoin t Group dynamics, Lecture
To develop awareness on the nature and function of the cell and its component.
Books Laptop CD Projector LCD Microscop e Prepared slides
Reporting Oral exam Written exam Seatwork, Case presentati on Laboratory activities
and function of endospore m. Compare and contrast prokaryotic and eukaryotic cell walls and cytoplasmic membranes Microscopy, Staining, and Classification a. Microscopy b. Staining c. Classification
4hrs
a. b. c.
d. e.
Microbial Metabolism a. Basic chemical reactions underlying metabolism b. Carbohydrate catabolism c. Photosynthesis
7hrs
a. b. c.
d.
e.
f.
Define microscopy Contrast simple and compound microscope Discuss the purposes of classification and identification of organisms Define binomial nomenclature Describe a few modification of the Linnean system of taxonomy Distinguish among metabolism, anabolism, and catabolism Contrast reduction and oxidation reaction Draw a table listing the six basic types of enzymes, their activities, and an example of each Describe how temperature, pH, substrate concentration, and competitive and noncompetitive inhibition affect enzyme activity In general , describe the three stages of aerobic glucose catabolism (glycolysis, the kryb cycle, and the electron transport chain), including their substrates, products, and net energy production Discuss the roles of acetyl
Microscope Linnean system
Interactiv e CD Powerpoin t Group dynamics, Lecture
Provide awareness and appreciation of the use of microscope in identifying microorgani sms
Books Laptop CD Projector LCD Microscop e Prepared slides
Reporting Oral exam Written exam Seatwork, Case presentati on Laboratory activities
Metabolism Anabolism Catabolism Oxidation Reduction Enzymes Glycolysis Kreb’s cycle Electron transport chain Photosynthe sis Dark reaction Light reaction
Interactiv e CD Powerpoin t Group dynamics, Lecture
Appreciatio n on the basic mechanism s of bacterial metabolism
Books Laptop CD Projector LCD
Reporting Oral exam Written exam Seatwork, Case presentati on Laboratory activities
g. h. i. j.
Microbial Nutrition and Growth a. Growth requirements b. Culturing Microorganisms c. Growth and Microbial Population
6hrs
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
f. g.
CoA, the krebs cycle, and electron transport in carbohydrate catabolism Contrast electron transport in aerobic and anaerobic respiration Describe the role of chemiosmosis in oxidative phosphorelation of ATP Define photosynthesis Compare and contrast the basic chemicals and structures involved in photosynthesis in prokaryotes and eukaryotes Describe the roles of carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, trace elements, and vitamins in microbial growth and reproduction Distinguish among anaerobes, aerobes, earotolerant anaerobes, facultative anaerobes, and microearophiles Explain how extremes of temperature, pH, and osmotic and hydrostatic pressure limit microbial growth Describe the two most common methods by which microorganisms can be isolated for culture Describe six types of general culture media available for bacterial culture Describe logarithmic growth Explain what is meant by the generation time of
Aerobic Anaerobic Facultative Pure culture Culture media Lag phase Log phase generationti me
Interactiv e CD Powerpoin t Group dynamics, Lecture
Develop patience in culturing bacteria Awareness on the process of the growth of the bacteria
Books Laptop CD Projector LCD
Reporting Oral exam Written exam Seatwork, Case presentati on Laboratory activities
h. i. j.
Controlling Microbial Growth a. Basic Principles of Microbial Control b. The Selection of Microbial Control Methods c. Physical Methods of Microbial control d. Chemical Methods of Microbial Control
6hrs
a.
b. c.
d.
e.
f.
g.
Characterizing and Classifying Prokaryotes
2hrs
a.
bacteria Draw and label a bacterial growth curve Describe what occurs at each phase of population’s growth Contrast direct and indirect methods of measuring bacterial growth Contrast sterilization, disinfection,, and antisepsis, and describe their practical uses Contrast the degerming, sanitization, and pasteurization Compare the effects of “static” versus”-cidal” control agents on microbial growth Define microbial death rate, and describe its significance in microbial control Describe how antimicrobial agents act against cell walls, cytoplasmic membranes, proteins, and nucleic acids Identify the three mostresistant groups of microbes, and explain why they are resistant to many antimicrobial agents Describe five types of physical methods of microbial growth Identify six basic shapes of prokaryotic cells
Disinfection Sterilization Antisepsis Pasteurizati on Sanitization antimicrobia l
Interactiv e CD Powerpoin t Group dynamics, Lecture
Develop skills in controlling microbial growth Appreciate the different methods of controlling microbial growth
Books Laptop CD Projector LCD
Reporting Oral exam Written exam Seatwork, Case presentati on
Interactiv e CD
Appreciatio n on the
Books Laptop
Reporting Oral exam
a.
b.
General characteristics of Prokaryotic Organisms Modern Prokaryotic Classification
Characterizing and Classifying Eukaryotes a. General Characteristics of Eukaryotic Organisms b. Fungi
b. c.
3hrs
a.
b.
c. d. e.
f. Food Microbiology a. The Roles of Microorganisms in Food Production b. The Causes and Prevention of Food Spoilage c. Food borne Illnesses
5hrs
a.
b.
c. d.
List three common types of reproduction in prokaryotes Describe the formation and function of bacterial endospores State four reasons why eukaryotic reproduction is more complex than prokaryotic reproduction Cite at least three characteristics that distinguish fungi from other groups of eukaryotes List five ways in which fungi are beneficial Distinguish among septate hyphae, aseptate hyphae, and mycelia Compare and contrast the three divisions of fungi with respect to the formation of sexual spores List several beneficial roles of lichens Describe how microbial metabolism can be manipulated for food production Describe how food characteristics and the presence of microorganisms in food can lead to food spoilage List several methods for preventing food spoilage Discuss the basic types of illnesses caused by food spoilage or food contamination, and describe how they can be
Powerpoin t Group dynamics, Lecture
value of naming and classifying microorgani sms
CD Projector LCD
Fungi Hyphae Aseptate septate Mycelia lichens
Interactiv e CD Powerpoin t Group dynamics, Lecture
Value the importance of fungi in industrial microbiolog y
Books Laptop CD Projector LCD
Spoilage Illness contaminati on
Interactiv e CD Powerpoin t Group dynamics, Lecture
Develop skills in preserving food
Books Laptop CD Projector LCD
Written exam Seatwork, Case presentati on
Reporting Oral exam Written exam Seatwork, Case presentati on Laboratory activities
avoided Industrial Microbiology a. The Roles of Microbes in Industrial Fermentatations b. Industrial Products of Microorganisms c. Water and Wastewater Treatment d. Bioremediation
7hrs
a.
b.
c.
d.
Describe the role of genetically manipulated microorganisms in industrial and agricultural processes and the basics of industrial-scale fermentation List some of the various commercial products produced by microorganisms Explain how water and waste water are treated to make them safe and usable Describe the process of bioremediation
Fermentatio n Wastewater Bioremediat ion
Interactiv e CD Powerpoin t Group dynamics, Lecture
Appreciatio n and awareness on the role played by microbes in the production of antibiotics,b eer,wine,ch eese,yogurt, etc. Develop skills on water treatment
Books Laptop CD Projector LCD
Reporting Oral exam Written exam Seatwork, Case presentati on Laboratory activities
Course Requirements: • Projects • Assignments • Attendance • Oral and Written Exams • Research Work • Reporting • Laboratory Activities Text Books: • Michael J. Waites et al.,2001. Introduction to Industrial Microbiology, Blackwell Science Ltd. • Nester, Anderson, Roberts, Pearsall, Nester. 2004. Microbiology: A Human Perspective, McGraw-Hill, 4 th Edition • Burton, Engelkirk. 2004. Microbiology for the Health Sciences, Lippincott and Wilkins, 7 th Edition • Tortora, Funke, Case. 2002. Microbiology: an Introduction, Benjamin Cummings, 7 th Edition
Grading System: Quizzes ----------------30% Attendance ---------- 10% Participation ---------15% Assignment /Proj ---15% Term Exam -----------30% 100%
Final Grade: Midterm Grade ------ 30% Final Term Grade ----70% 100%
Laboratory
Lecture ------------70% Laboratory --------30% 100%
Practical Exam ----20% Experiment --------30% Attendance --------10% Term Exam --------40% 100%
Prepared by: _______________________ _______________________
Checked by: _________________________
Approved by:
CORDULO P. ASCAÑO II, M.S. VIMA SOCORRO J. TANDOG Course Lecturer College of Arts and Sciences
PHOEBE L. GALLON Chairman, Food Science and Technology
Dean,
General Microbiology COURSE SYLLABUS Course Code: Btech 20 Course Title: General Microbiology Credit Units: 4 Units Time Allotment: 54 hrs. Course Description: General Microbial Biology consists of both lecture and laboratory. The course will cover eukaryotic and prokaryotic microbes and viruses, but will emphasize bacteria. This course will provide a conceptual and experimental background in microbiology sufficient to enable students to take more advanced courses in related fields. After taking this course, students are provided with understanding and knowledge on the value of microbes in life rather than as disease agents. It is expected that the students will be motivated to develop their innovation on exploiting microbes for positive purposes in human living. COURSE OBJECTIVES: After completion of this course, students are expected to be able to understand the ubiquity of microorganisms and their structure, chemistry, and metabolism. Differentiate the structural and functional characteristics of prokaryotes and eukaryotes. Understand energy metabolism of chemotrophs and phototrophs. Understand up-to-date molecular recombinant technology, and understand the potential of microorganisms in industries and ecosystems.
Course Content TOPICS
TIME FRAM E
SPECIFIC OBJECTIVES
Orientation a. VMGO b. Course Requirements Grading System
1 hour
At the end of the class the students are expected to: a. Familiarize the College VMGO b. Know the requirement of the course c. Know the grading system
Brief History of Microbiology a. What is microbiology? b. Why study microbiology? c. Careers in microbiology d. First microorganisms on earth e. Pioneers in the science of microbiology
4 hrs
a. b.
c.
d. e. f.
g. f.
Define microbiology Describe the worldchanging scientific contributions of Leeuwenhoek Define microbes in the words of Leeuwenhoek and as we know them today List the four steps in the scientific method of investigation List the contributions made by Koch to the field of microbiology List the four steps that must be taken to prove the cause of an infectious disease Describe the contribution of Gram to the field of microbiology Identify the field of microbiology that studies the role of microorganisms in the environment
KEY WORDS
Microbiolog y Microbes
ACTIVITY AND LEARNING APPROAC H
Interactiv e CD Powerpoin t Group dynamics, Lecture
VALUES/SKI LLS INTEGRATIO N
RESOURC ES NEEDED
EVALUATI ON MEASURE S
Appreciatio n and awareness of the college VMGO and grading system To appreciate the value of microorgani sms in the environmen t Awareness on the contribution of the different scientist in the field of microbiolog y Appreciate the value of naming and classifying organisms
Syllabus College handbook
Oral/writte n exam
Books Laptop CD Projector LCD
Reporting Oral exam Written exam Seatwork, Case presentati on
Cell structure and function a. The processes of life b. Eukaryotic cell VS prokaryotic cells
8hrs
a. Describe four major processes of living cells b. Compare and contrast prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells c. Describe the composition, function, and relevance to human health of glycocalyces d. Distinguish between capsules and slime layers e. Discuss the structure and function of prokaryotic flagella f. Compare and contrast the structures and functions of fimbriae, pili, and flagella g. Compare and contrast the cell walls of Gram positive and Gram negative bacteria in of structure and Gram staining h. Diagram a phospholipid bilayer, and explain its significance in reference to a cytoplasmic membrane i. Explain the fluid mosaic model of membrane structure j. Compare and contrast the ive and active processes by which materials cross the cytoplasmic membrane k. Describe prokaryotic cytoplasm and its basic contents l. Describe the formation
Cell Prokaryotes Eukaryotes Capsules Flagella Pili Gram positive Gram negative Cytoplasm Endospore
Interactiv e CD Powerpoin t Group dynamics, Lecture
To develop awareness on the nature and function of the cell and its component.
Books Laptop CD Projector LCD Microscop e Prepared slides
Reporting Oral exam Written exam Seatwork, Case presentati on Laboratory activities
and function of endospore m. Compare and contrast prokaryotic and eukaryotic cell walls and cytoplasmic membranes Microscopy, Staining, and Classification a. Microscopy b. Staining c. Classification
4hrs
a. b. c.
d. e.
Microbial Metabolism a. Basic chemical reactions underlying metabolism b. Carbohydrate catabolism c. Photosynthesis
7hrs
a. b. c.
d.
e.
f.
Define microscopy Contrast simple and compound microscope Discuss the purposes of classification and identification of organisms Define binomial nomenclature Describe a few modification of the Linnean system of taxonomy Distinguish among metabolism, anabolism, and catabolism Contrast reduction and oxidation reaction Draw a table listing the six basic types of enzymes, their activities, and an example of each Describe how temperature, pH, substrate concentration, and competitive and noncompetitive inhibition affect enzyme activity In general , describe the three stages of aerobic glucose catabolism (glycolysis, the kryb cycle, and the electron transport chain), including their substrates, products, and net energy production Discuss the roles of acetyl
Microscope Linnean system
Interactiv e CD Powerpoin t Group dynamics, Lecture
Provide awareness and appreciation of the use of microscope in identifying microorgani sms
Books Laptop CD Projector LCD Microscop e Prepared slides
Reporting Oral exam Written exam Seatwork, Case presentati on Laboratory activities
Metabolism Anabolism Catabolism Oxidation Reduction Enzymes Glycolysis Kreb’s cycle Electron transport chain Photosynthe sis Dark reaction Light reaction
Interactiv e CD Powerpoin t Group dynamics, Lecture
Appreciatio n on the basic mechanism s of bacterial metabolism
Books Laptop CD Projector LCD
Reporting Oral exam Written exam Seatwork, Case presentati on Laboratory activities
g. h. i. j.
Microbial Nutrition and Growth a. Growth requirements b. Culturing Microorganisms c. Growth and Microbial Population
6hrs
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
f. g.
CoA, the krebs cycle, and electron transport in carbohydrate catabolism Contrast electron transport in aerobic and anaerobic respiration Describe the role of chemiosmosis in oxidative phosphorelation of ATP Define photosynthesis Compare and contrast the basic chemicals and structures involved in photosynthesis in prokaryotes and eukaryotes Describe the roles of carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, trace elements, and vitamins in microbial growth and reproduction Distinguish among anaerobes, aerobes, earotolerant anaerobes, facultative anaerobes, and microearophiles Explain how extremes of temperature, pH, and osmotic and hydrostatic pressure limit microbial growth Describe the two most common methods by which microorganisms can be isolated for culture Describe six types of general culture media available for bacterial culture Describe logarithmic growth Explain what is meant by the generation time of
Aerobic Anaerobic Facultative Pure culture Culture media Lag phase Log phase generationti me
Interactiv e CD Powerpoin t Group dynamics, Lecture
Develop patience in culturing bacteria Awareness on the process of the growth of the bacteria
Books Laptop CD Projector LCD
Reporting Oral exam Written exam Seatwork, Case presentati on Laboratory activities
h. i. j.
Controlling Microbial Growth a. Basic Principles of Microbial Control b. The Selection of Microbial Control Methods c. Physical Methods of Microbial control d. Chemical Methods of Microbial Control
6hrs
a.
b. c.
d.
e.
f.
g.
Characterizing and Classifying Prokaryotes
2hrs
a.
bacteria Draw and label a bacterial growth curve Describe what occurs at each phase of population’s growth Contrast direct and indirect methods of measuring bacterial growth Contrast sterilization, disinfection,, and antisepsis, and describe their practical uses Contrast the degerming, sanitization, and pasteurization Compare the effects of “static” versus”-cidal” control agents on microbial growth Define microbial death rate, and describe its significance in microbial control Describe how antimicrobial agents act against cell walls, cytoplasmic membranes, proteins, and nucleic acids Identify the three mostresistant groups of microbes, and explain why they are resistant to many antimicrobial agents Describe five types of physical methods of microbial growth Identify six basic shapes of prokaryotic cells
Disinfection Sterilization Antisepsis Pasteurizati on Sanitization antimicrobia l
Interactiv e CD Powerpoin t Group dynamics, Lecture
Develop skills in controlling microbial growth Appreciate the different methods of controlling microbial growth
Books Laptop CD Projector LCD
Reporting Oral exam Written exam Seatwork, Case presentati on
Interactiv e CD
Appreciatio n on the
Books Laptop
Reporting Oral exam
a.
b.
General characteristics of Prokaryotic Organisms Modern Prokaryotic Classification
Characterizing and Classifying Eukaryotes a. General Characteristics of Eukaryotic Organisms b. Fungi
b. c.
3hrs
a.
b.
c. d. e.
f. Food Microbiology a. The Roles of Microorganisms in Food Production b. The Causes and Prevention of Food Spoilage c. Food borne Illnesses
5hrs
a.
b.
c. d.
List three common types of reproduction in prokaryotes Describe the formation and function of bacterial endospores State four reasons why eukaryotic reproduction is more complex than prokaryotic reproduction Cite at least three characteristics that distinguish fungi from other groups of eukaryotes List five ways in which fungi are beneficial Distinguish among septate hyphae, aseptate hyphae, and mycelia Compare and contrast the three divisions of fungi with respect to the formation of sexual spores List several beneficial roles of lichens Describe how microbial metabolism can be manipulated for food production Describe how food characteristics and the presence of microorganisms in food can lead to food spoilage List several methods for preventing food spoilage Discuss the basic types of illnesses caused by food spoilage or food contamination, and describe how they can be
Powerpoin t Group dynamics, Lecture
value of naming and classifying microorgani sms
CD Projector LCD
Fungi Hyphae Aseptate septate Mycelia lichens
Interactiv e CD Powerpoin t Group dynamics, Lecture
Value the importance of fungi in industrial microbiolog y
Books Laptop CD Projector LCD
Spoilage Illness contaminati on
Interactiv e CD Powerpoin t Group dynamics, Lecture
Develop skills in preserving food
Books Laptop CD Projector LCD
Written exam Seatwork, Case presentati on
Reporting Oral exam Written exam Seatwork, Case presentati on Laboratory activities
avoided Industrial Microbiology a. The Roles of Microbes in Industrial Fermentatations b. Industrial Products of Microorganisms c. Water and Wastewater Treatment d. Bioremediation
7hrs
a.
b.
c.
d.
Describe the role of genetically manipulated microorganisms in industrial and agricultural processes and the basics of industrial-scale fermentation List some of the various commercial products produced by microorganisms Explain how water and waste water are treated to make them safe and usable Describe the process of bioremediation
Fermentatio n Wastewater Bioremediat ion
Interactiv e CD Powerpoin t Group dynamics, Lecture
Appreciatio n and awareness on the role played by microbes in the production of antibiotics,b eer,wine,ch eese,yogurt, etc. Develop skills on water treatment
Books Laptop CD Projector LCD
Reporting Oral exam Written exam Seatwork, Case presentati on Laboratory activities
Course Requirements: • Projects • Assignments • Attendance • Oral and Written Exams • Research Work • Reporting • Laboratory Activities Text Books: • Michael J. Waites et al.,2001. Introduction to Industrial Microbiology, Blackwell Science Ltd. • Nester, Anderson, Roberts, Pearsall, Nester. 2004. Microbiology: A Human Perspective, McGraw-Hill, 4 th Edition • Burton, Engelkirk. 2004. Microbiology for the Health Sciences, Lippincott and Wilkins, 7 th Edition • Tortora, Funke, Case. 2002. Microbiology: an Introduction, Benjamin Cummings, 7 th Edition
Grading System: Quizzes ----------------30% Attendance ---------- 10% Participation ---------15% Assignment /Proj ---15% Term Exam -----------30% 100%
Final Grade: Midterm Grade ------ 30% Final Term Grade ----70% 100%
Laboratory
Lecture ------------70% Laboratory --------30% 100%
Practical Exam ----20% Experiment --------30% Attendance --------10% Term Exam --------40% 100%
Prepared by: _______________________ _______________________
Checked by: _________________________
Approved by:
CORDULO P. ASCAÑO II, M.S. VIMA SOCORRO J. TANDOG Course Lecturer College of Arts and Sciences
PHOEBE L. GALLON Chairman, Food Science and Technology
Dean,
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