Presentation Of Viticulture .pptx k5lt

Presentation Topic Viticulture Group : Abdur Razaq, M. Zaheer

Topic outline • Definition • Importance • Biological classification • Varieties in Pakistan • Nutritional value • Why we grow grapes • Production technology

Definition • The branch of horticulture which deals with the study of production of grapes 🍇 called viticulture . • Making of wine is called Enology.

Importance • Grapes juice controls blood pressure. • Strengthen heart muscles and saves from cardic diseases. • Grapes add fibers to the diet. • It improves digestive system. • Grapes are grown for eating ,wine making,juice and for raisins.

Biological Classification • Kingdom: plantae • Family : vitaceae • Genus: vitis • Species:vinifera

Varieties in Pakistan • Two types • Seeded(Narc black, red globe) • seedless(sultana,Thompson) • In districts of Baluchistan varieties like haita, kishmishi, shundokhani are famous.

Grapes in Pakistan • In pak only European grapes are grown. • 70% in Baluchistan. • Also grow in KPK, sindh and in Kashmir . • In pakistan 14,000 ha area is cultivated with annual production of 49 thousand tons.

Nutritional value • Energy 69 kcal/ 1100g • Grapes are also enrich with sugar ,carb,dietry fibers,fat,proteins and vitamins.

Why to grow grapes • Grows on marginal land. • Give great economic return as compared to other crops. • Drought resistant. • Environment friendly. • Easy to manage than other fruits. • Longer productive life.

Production technology • Site selection : Require full sunlight ,adequate drainage and moisture retention. • Loam or sandy loam soil with added O. M. • pH 5.5 -6.5

Land preparation • Prepare land by removing stones and rocks. • Level soil . • prepare fine seed bed .

Planting time • Two seasons. • Spring • Moon soon

A good grapes Orchard • Rows orientation north - south for maximun sunlight. • R*R 10ft • P*P 6ft • plant in row for easy practices. • Pruning.

How to plant • We plant it in pits (2*2*2) • Fill it with mixture of Soil ,silt and FYM 1:1:1. • 2-3 irrigation are required for proper decay of FYM. • Also applied termicide.

Protection measures • Protection from termites. • Trellis system is necessary. • Save from chewing animals. • Fungicide may be applied during high humidity period.

Irrigations • Plants should be irrigated after transplanting into pits. • very sandy soil required daily irrigation. • Heavy soil require once a week. • In most soil irrigation is required after 2nd or 3ed day.

Trellising system

Pruning

Fertilizers • N 150gm.(in two slpits) • P 120gm. • K 280gm.(in three splits) • N before bud break and after fruit setting . • K before bud break ,after fruit setting and after harvesting of fruit.

Diseases • Anthracnose • Powdery mildew • Downy mildew • Black rot

Harvesting • Pick grapes on dry day, because wet grapes spoil quicklythan dry.

Industrial use • Used in wine making. • Used for juice extraction for making of jam, jelly. • grape vinegar. • Extract oil from grape seed.