Law Enforcement In Argentina 4q5c

LAW ENFORCEMEN T IN ARGENTINA

In Argentina the most important law enforcement organization is the Argentine Federal Police (equivalent to the FBI in the USA) with jurisdiction in all Argentine territory. Most routine police work is carried out by provincial police forces (equivalent to state police in the United States). An exception of the capital city of Buenos Aires (a federal district), where the Argentine Federal Police works with Argentine Naval Prefecture (Coast Guard) and Metropolitan Police of the Autonomous City of Buenos Aires (Municipal police).

ARGENTINE FEDERAL POLICE (POLICIA FEDERAL ARGENTINA)

MOTTO: Al servicio de la comunidad

To serve the community AGENCY OVERVIEW FORMED: December 24, 1943 PRECEDING AGENCIES:  Policia de Buenos Aires (15801880)  Policia de la Capital (1880-1943)

JURISDICTIONAL STRUCTURE Federal agency ARGENTINA LEGAL JURISDICTION: as per operations jurisdiction GENERAL NATURE  Federal law enforcement  Local civilian police

OPERATIONAL STRUCTURE HEADQUARTERS Departamento Central de Policia, 1650 Moreno Street, Buenos Aires SWORN 25, 000 AGENCY EXECUTIVES  Roman Argentino Di Santo, Comisario General  Hector Eduardo Tebes, Deputy Chief, Comisario General

ARGENTINE FEDERAL POLICE

-is a civil police force of the Argentine federal government. The PFA has detachments throughout the country, but its main responsibility is policing the Federal District of Buenos Aires. AFP duties in Buenos Aires have been gradually taken over by a new force, the Policia Metropolitan de Buenos Aires (Buenos Aires Metropolitan Police).

Brief History On July9, 1816, Argentina gained its independence from Spain. Argentina’s population and cultural diversity incorporated immigrants from Europe, but mostly from Italy and Spain. From 1860 to 1930, the country’s population grew contributing to the last percentage of newcomers. Throughout the mid 20th century, Argentina’s pastimes were controlled by political conflict between Federalists and Unitarians and between civilian and military groupings. As World War II was over, when “Peronist populism and direct and indirect military interference in subsequent governments was followed by a military junta that took power in 1976”. Finally, democracy returned to Argentina in 1983 after failing to seize the Falkland Islands. Argentina fell into severe economic instability in 2001 and 2002. this unfortunate instability led to aggressive protects and to successive resignations of several presidents.

Economic Development, Health, and Education ECONOMIC GROWTH: Through the1960’s and 80’s Argentina became a member of the Latin American Free Trade Association. In 1992, diplomatic and trade relations were reestablished with Britain. HEALTHCARE:The healthcare system is similar to other systems in other Latin American countries. The Department of Public Health controls National Policy. In 1998, there was “was an estimated 108,800 physicians, 28,900 dentists, 15,300 pharmacists, 29,000 nurses, and 11,100 medical technicians”.

EDUCATION: Argentina has one of the highest literacy raters in Latin America, only second to Uruguay “In 1993, Argentina switched from seven years of primary and five years of secondary education to a system known as EGB, consisting of nine compulsory years divided into three-year stages. This is followed by a threeyear “multimodal” course of study offering either general or specialized training”. In Argentina there are officially 46 accredited universities. The largest university in Argentina is the University of Buenos Aires.

ELECTIONS EXECUTIVE BRANCH 

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Chief of State: President and Vice President are the head of the government. Cabinet: The cabinet is chosen by the President Elections: The President and Vice President are chosen on the same ticket by popular vote for four-year .

LEGISLATIVE BRANCH  The National Congress consist of the Senate. The Senate seats 72 whom are elected by direct vote.  The Chamber of Deputies seats 257 . JUDICIAL BRANCH  Supreme Court: The Supreme Court judges are chosen by the President; however, the decision must approved by the Senate.  The Supreme Court consists of seven judges. Congress ed a bill in 2006 to reduce the number of Supreme Court judges to five.

TYPES OF GOVERNMENT: Argentina is a republic. There are three levels of government, federal, provincial, and local/ LEGAL SYSTEM: The legal system in Argentina is a mixture of United States and European legal systems. CONSTITUTION: Argentina’s constitution was created on May 1, 1853. the Constitution has been amended several times beginning in 1860. VOTING ELIGIBILITY: The voting age is 18 and voting is compulsory and universal.

COURTS AND CRIMINAL LAW

JUDGES: Argentina has both federal and provincial courts. The Supreme Court in Argentina consists of seven (7) judges. The judges have the power to declare any legislative acts as unconstitutional and are considered the central element of the process. Supreme Court judges are selected by the President of Argentina with the country’s Senate. LAWYERS: Licensed lawyers in Argentina are known as Abogados. Legal practitioners are trained by attending law school and by participating in a five-year law program.

PUNISHMENT TYPICAL PUNISHMENT: In Argentina, there have not been recent events of capital punishment (hanging, firing squad, or flogging). IMPRISONMENT RATE: Argentina’s national imprisonment ranking is 71.the prison population 54,472 and prisoners per 100,000 is 140.

PRISON CONDITION: The living conditions in Argentina’s prisons are inhumane and unsanitary. One prison in particular is Mendoza. In this prison there is lock of food and an insufficient availability of water. There are not enough mattresses for the prisoners, and the few existing ones are of horrible quality. Prisoners are contained in their cells for long periods of time. In Mendoza there is lack of medical staff that attends to ill inmates when needed. Doctors did not visit the prisoners nor were there any nurses, dentists or psychiatrists who provided necessary medical attention to the prisoners. In 2000, there were a total of 40 inmate deaths that concerned government officials. In Argentina’s Constitution it states that prisons are built for security not for rehabilitation purposes. Nonetheless, many of the necessary improvements have not been made and unfortunately inmates leave prison in worse condition then when they originally entered.

JUVENILES: Economic issues in the region cause high unemployment rates which are a factor that contributes to juvenile delinquency. A high rate of homelessness is also a contributing factor. When a crime is committed and a juvenile is arrested the offender may or may not face charges in Youth Court.

LAW ENFORCEMENT POLICE STRUCTURE: Argentina’s police is decentralized including both federal and provincial governments. The main priority of the Federal Penitentiary System (SPF) is to provide safe custody, guarding and necessary treatment of the incarcerated prisoners. For instance, Argentina’s Internal Security System provides a structured policy for 26 armed and unarmed police officers. At the provincial level, each government organizes and controls its police officers. However, in the jurisdiction of the federal police are limited to defined crimes. Whereas the provincial police forces are limited to nonfederal crimes within their own borders.

DIVISIONS OF LAW ENFORCEMENT: The police forces in Argentina maintain internal security by law. Two specific types of police functions are:  Security Police: The services are related to public order and safety, crime prevention and control, criminal control and protective istrative activities.  Judiciary Police: Strict policing activities performed under supervision and related to criminal investigations.

THE AVERAGE SALARY  

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Police Officer in Argentine, MI $28,000 Police Officer Law Enforcement in Argentine, MI $65,000 Military Law Enforcement Officer in Argentine, MI $66,000 Upscale Security Officer Guard in Argentine, MI $21,000 Explosive Ordinance Disposal in Argentine, MI $122,000 Police Officer Recruit in Argentine, MI $55,000 Police Officer GL in Argentine, MI $35,000 Police Officer Lateral in Argentine, MI $69,000 Special Police Officer in Argentine, MI $32,000 Traditional Security Officer Guard in Argentine, MI $20,000

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Security Officer TSO in Argentine, MI $19,000 Custom Protection Security Guard in Argentine, MI $25,000 Security Officer Security Guard in Argentine, MI $20,000 Police Recruit in Argentine, MI $49,000 Corrections Sergeant Master in Argentine, MI $40,000 Critical Facility Security Officer in Argentine, MI $26,000

Rank and Insignias