Indus Valley Civilization 25d1

Ancient Indus River Civilization

Indus Valley Civilization The Indus Valley civilization was an ancient civilization. It developed along the Indus River and theGhaggar-Hakra River, in the area of modern Pakistan. It started during the Bronze Age. The Indus Valley Civilization covered a large area from Balochistan(Pakistan) to Gujarat (Republic of India).

There was two different Indus river civilization. One Is Harappa Civilization and another one is MohenjoDaro civilization.

Harappa Civilization:- Today some old remains of the Indus Valley Civilization can be found in Afghanistan, Turkmenistan and Iran. The first city to be discovered by excavation (digging up) was Harappa and therefore this civilization is also known as 'Harappan Civilization'

Culture:- The bathrooms were attached to the rooms of the Harappa people. They were considered to be good builders.It brought tremendous change in the country in various ways. The ruins of the sight reveal that the harappa civilization people were designed skillfully.One of the unique features of the city was its elaborate drainage system. A brick-lined drainage channel flowed

Along side every street

Ancient Life Of Harappa

Mohenjodaro civilization:-

Mohenjo- daro

was one of the largest city-settlements of the Indus Valley Civilization of south Asia. It was in what is now the province of Sindh, Pakistan. The city was built around 2600 BC. It was one of the early urban settlements in the world. Mohenjo-daro existed at the same time as the civilisations of ancient Egypt, Mesopotamia and Greece. Mohenjo- Daro means “ Mound Of Death”.. it was instantly destroyed 2000 years before Christ by an incredible explosion that could only have been caused by an atomic bomb.

People Of Indus Valley Civilization According to some historians The Indus Valley People were probably Dravidians, who lived in ancient times in part of north western India, Afghanistan, parts of the Mediterranean, Central Asia and Europe. According to some the Indus people were probably Aryans. According to some they wre Sumerians. Some believe that they probably shared some affinity with the ancient Egyptians. According to a professor the Indus Civilization was probably similar to that ancient Greece as both worshipped Mother Goddess and Bull played an important role in their religious lives.

Major Religious beliefs of the Indus People:1. Indus Valley people probably worshipped Mother Goddess 2. They worshipped a father of God who was some kind of similar like Lord Siva and was the lord of animals. 3. They were familiar with some form of Yoga and Meditation. 4. They believed in some kind of tree of life like pupil tree. 5. They probably believed in Magical Rituals, charms and amulets and also in spirits and demons. Mainly the Indus valley People believed in simple living. They knew the use of fire. They used tools that was madeup with Stone. Both man and women liked to decorate their bodies with different kind of deg Jewelleries.

Culture and Lifestyle In Indus Valley Civilization Archeologist has discover systematic housing colonies built by mud of the Mehagarh people. Further discovered their amazing irrigation and drainage system. Then Unearthed ornaments, plates and dishes, drinking glasses, tools made up stones, painted bowls and jars further established the facts about their prosperity and development.. The Indus Valley Civilization were the fines example of flourishing trade and agricultural based economy. The people Of Indus Valley Civilization made the clever and resourceful use of rivers present in their area surrounding them.

The Indus River Valley civilization people had a very advanced culture, as you will find out when you read on. They had many belief's, and many set ways of life.

Bathes

The people of the Indus Valley had a very complex culture. They had a place in their Valley called The Great Bath. The

Great Bath was like a large bath that the priests would bathe in when they wanted to cleanse their souls. The Great Bath was a religious necessity. So were many other things in all the Indus Valley peoples' life. Marriages

Religion

Ancient India's culture had many strong beliefs about how to live. They would have arranged marriages for all of their children. When the parents of both families would arrange the marriages the parents of the women would have to give a dowry. Dowries were like gifts that the women's side of the family would give to the future husband. The dowry was usually consisted of goods that the husband could use, so he wouldn't have to supply them. These were given in repayment for the trouble they were going through by marrying their daughter. They thought that it was a big trouble for the men to marry their daughter so they gave them a dowry.

The Indus River Valley people's religion was a very important part of their culture. Their two main religions were Hinduism and Buddhism. Hinduism was around the Indus civilization before Buddhism. Buddhism was started in India in 365 B.C. by a young man named Siddhatha Gautama. The Hindus were in India thousands of years ago, and they are still around today. Hinduism was more than just a way of religion, it was a way of life. It set the rhythm of daily routine. It wasn't centered on one person like Christianity is on Jesus, and Buddhism was on Buddha.

I

Food And Eating Habits In Ancient Indus Civilization Based on what is known one can imagine an eating scene in a home during the Indus civilization. People seem to have eaten while sitting on the floor, which was probably covered with a rug or a mat. They were served their food in a dish or bowl on a stand. The meal could have included flat, unleavened bread of barely or wheat flour, ground at home between stones. This would have been accompanied by meat: chicken, goat, sheep, water buffalo, or even beef. At times the flesh of wild ungulates would have been available. Fish and shellfish would have broadened this portion of the diet. Various peas and pulses would have added a vegetable component to the meals; and chicken eggs may have been included. A fruit component to the meal, possibly a dessert, would have come from honey, dates, grapes and the jujube. Milk from cows, buffalo, sheep and goats would have been available, and could have added great diversity of taste to the ancient diet. Cool liquids would have come from spherical pots, like those in wet ware, and been consumed in ceramic tableware, possibly even the little tea cups. Although butter was probably prepared, since it goes rancid so quickly in hot climates, the more stable clarified form, known as ghee in contemporary India, was also prepared. Other oils, for cooking and consumption, would have come from sesame and cotton seeds. Cooking would have included roasting, boiling, and baking,

Occupation Of Ancient Indus Valley d Civilization

All evidence points that the use of domesticated animals including camels, goats, water buffalos and fowls. The Harappa’s cultivated wheat, barley, peas and sesamum. And were probably the first to grow and make clothes from cotton. Trade seemed to be a major activity at the Indus Valley and the sheer quantity of seals discovered suggest that each merchant family own edit own seal. These seals are in various shapes and sizes, each with a human or an animal figure carved it. Discoveries suggest that the Hardpans Civilization had extensive trade relation with neighboring regions in India and with distant land in the Persian Gulf And Sumer( Iraq)

Languages Of Indus People The term Indus script (also Harappan script) refers to short strings of symbols associated with the Indus Valley Civilization, in use during the Mature Harappan period, The first publication of a Harappan seal dates to 1873, in a drawing by Alexander Cunningham. Since then, over 4000 symbol-bearing objects have been discovered, some as far afield as Mesopotamia. Some early scholars thought that the script was the archetype of the Brāhmī script. However most claiming instead that the Brahmi script derived from the Aramaic script.. the main corpus of writing dated from the Indus Civilization is in the form of some two thousand inscribed seals in good, legible conditions. Very short and brief texts. The average number of symbols on the seals is 5, and the longest is only 26. 1. The language underneath is unknown. 2. Lack of bilingual texts.

i

Conclusion Of Indus Valley Civilization The Indus Valley people gave to the world its earliest cities, its town planning, its architecture in stone and clay, and showed their concern for health and sanitation. They built a scientific drainage system in their cities. There is enough evidence to show that some of the early conceptions of Hinduism are derived from this culture. On the whole, the present civilization is a composite product resulting from a fusion of several cultures where the contribution of the Indus Valley is of utmost importance.

The End