100713457-the-oera-linda-book.pdf 1s6d2s

CORNELL UNIVERSITY LIBRARY

THE

OERA LINDA BOOK.

THE

OERA LINDA BOOK a

ilHanuscrtpt of

Centurg

Eijirteentfj

tf)e

WITH THE PERMISSION OF THE PKOPRIETOR

C.

OVER DE LINDEN, OF THE HELDER

3rf)e

©riginal iFn'gian

AS VERIFIED BY DR

J.

O.

STeit.

,

O ITEMA'

ACCOMPANIED BY AN

ENGLISH VERSION OF DR OTTEMA'S DUTCH TRANSLATION BY

WILLIAM

SANDBACH

R.

LONDON

TRUBNER

&

CO.,

LUDGATE HILL

1876 \_All rights reserved^

translator's preface.

vi

became a lawgiver at Athens, than that a goddess

grown and armed, from the

sprang, full

Jupiter

?

There

nothing in the narratives of this book

is

inconsistent with probability,

however they may vary

from some of our preconceived ideas it

is

what

really

it

pretends to be

;

but whether

—a very ancient — not the

manuscript, or a more modern fiction less

cleft skull of

it is

a most curious and interesting work,. and as such the British public.

I offer it to

In order to give an idea of the manuscript, I have procured photographs of two of

bound with I

this

its

pages,

which are

volume.

have also followed Dr Ottema's plan of printing

the original Frisian opposite to the translation, so

that any reader possessing a knowledge of the lan-

guage

may

the correctness of the translation.

In addition to the Preface which

Dr Ottema has

;

have translated,

written two pamphlets on the subject

of the Oera Linda

Explanations

I

2.

Book

(1.

Historical

Notes and

The Royal Academy and Het Oera

Linda Bok), both of which would be very valuable to

any one who wished to study the controversy respecting the authenticity of the work, but which I have

not thought publication.

it

necessary to translate for the present

—

"

TRANSLATOR

«

VH

PREFACE.

There has also appeared in the " Deventer Couraut

Though

a series of twelve letters on the same subject.

written anonymously, I believe they are from the pen of Professor Vitringa. into

German by Mr

They have been

translated

Otto.

The writer evidently entered upon

his

task

of

criticism with a feeling of disbelief in the authen-

book

ticity of the

that, after

pronounce against

His effect

but in his

a

positive

he its

last letter

a minute examination, he

conviction

unable to

is

either

for

or

it.

concluding

remarks

are

to

the

following

:

" If the book it

;

a romance, then I must it that

is

has been written with a good object, and by a

clever

man, because the sentiments expressed in

are of a highly moral tendency

;

so far as they can be controlled

not untruthful

;

and the

facts related,

by regular

history, are

and where they deal with events

which we have no

historical records,

of

they do not offend

our ideas of possibility or even probability."

WM.

it

R

SANDBACH.

INTRODUCTION. OVER DE Linden, Chief. Superintendent of the Royal Dockyard at the Helder, possesses a very ancient manuscript, which has been inherited and preserved in his family from time immemorial, without any one knowing whence it came or what it contained, owing to both the language and C.

the writing being unknown.

All that was it

known was

had from generation

to careful rests

preservation.

that a tradition contained in

to generation been It

recommended

appeared that the tradition

upon the contents of two

letters,

with which the

manuscript begins, from Hiddo oera Linda, anno 1256,

and from Liko oera Linda, anno 803. It came to C. over de Linden by the directions of his grandfather, Den Heer Andries over de Linden, who lived at Enkhuizen, and died there on the 15th of April 1820, aged sixty-one.

As

the

grandson was at that time barely ten years old, the manuscript was taken care of for him by his aunt, Aafje Meylhoff,

born Over de Linden, living at Enkhuizen, who in

August 1848 delivered

it

to the present possessor.

Dr E. Verwijs having heard of this, requested permission to examine the manuscript, and immediately recognised it as very ancient Fries. He obtained at the same time permission to make a copy of it for the benefit of the Friesland that it might be of great imSociety, and was of opinion portance provided

it

was not

supposititious,

which he feared. for some deceptive object,

and invented The manu-

— VI

INTEODUCTION.

script being placed in

my

hands, I also

very doubtful,

felt

what object any one could it a

thougli I could not understand

have in inventing a false composition only to keep

This doubt remained until I had examined care-

secret.

fully-executed facsimiles of two fragments,

of the whole manuscript

me

vinced

—

the

and afterwards

sight of which con-

first

of the great age of the document.

me

Immediately occurred to

Caesar's

remark upon the

writing of the Gauls and the Helvetians in his " Bello Gallico"

though

Greek

(i.

it

vi.

appears in

letters.

—and

and

29,

v.

"

14),

Grsecis

utuntur

Uteris,"

48 that they were not entirely

Ctesar thus points out only a resemblance

a very true one

—

as

the writing, which does not

altogether correspond with any

known form

of letters, re-

sembles the most, on a cursory view, the Greek writing,

^uch as

is

found on monuments and the oldest manuscripts,

and belongs

to the

form which is called lapidary.

Besides,

I formed the opinion afterwards that the writer of the

book had been a contemporary of Ceesar. The form and the origin of the writing is so minutely

latter part of the

and fully described in the

first

part of the book, as

could not be in any other language.

It is

it

very complete,

and consists of thirty-four letters, among which are three forms of a and m, and two of e, i, y, and o, be-

separate

ng^ th, ks, and gs. The ng, which as a nasal sound has no particular mark

sides four pairs of double consonants

in

any other "Western language,

tion

;

the th

is soft,

placed by d; the gs

word segse,

is

to say, in

as in

is

an indivisible conjunc-

English, and

seldom met with

modern Fries

The paper, of large quarto

—

sidse,

size,

is

sometimes re-

I believe only in the

is

pronounced sisze.

made

of

cotton,

not very thick, without water-mark or maker's mark, ,

made

upon a frame or wire-web, with not very broad perpendicular Hues.

An

introductory letter

gives

the

year

1256

as that

—

TU

INTRODUCTION.

which

in

manuscript was written by Hiddo

this

Linda on foreign paper.

Consequently

it

overa

must have come

from Spain, where the Arabs brought into the market paper manufactured from cotton.

On

this subject,

Schriftwesen

im

W. Wattenbach

writes

" Das

in his

Mittelalter " (Leipzig, 1871),

93

s.

:

" The manufacture of paper from cotton must have been among the Chinese from very remote times, and must have become known to the Arabs by the conquest of

in use

Samarcand about the year

704.

In Damascus this manu-

facture was an important branch of industry, for which

reason

was called Charta Damascena. was brought to the Greeks.

it

this art

By

the Arabians

It is asserted that

Greek manuscripts of the tenth century written upon cotton paper exist, and that in the thirteenth century it was much more used than parchment. To distinguish it froci Egyptian paper it was called Charta bombicina, gossypina, A distinction from linen paper was not cuttunea, xylina. yet necessary.

raw cotton was

In the manufacture of the cotton paper originally used.

rags mentioned by

We

" The Spaniards and the

paper from

Italians learned the

ture of this paper from the Arabians. factories

first find

Petrus Clusiacensis (1122-50).

manufac-

The most celebrated

were at Jativa, Valencia, Toledo, besides Fabriano

March of Ancona."* In the use of

in the

very extended, Therefore

the

whether

it

this

material did not become

came from Italy

or

Spain.

further this preparation spread from the

East and the ading countries, the more necessity there

was that linen should take the place of

ment of Kaufbeuren on

verydoubtful genuineness. *

1762.

A docuis

of

Bodman considers the oldest pure

Compare G. Meerman, onitio de Chartse nostralis

teroef. J.

cotton.

linen paper of the year 1318

origine.

Vad. Let-

P. 630.

H. de Stoppelaar, Paper in the Netherlands.

Middelburg, 1869..

P.

4.

INTRODUCTION.

YlU

linen paper to be of the year 1324, but up to 1350

much

mixed paper was used. All carefully-written manuscripts of great antiquity show by the regularity of their lines that they must have been ruled, even though no traces of the ruled lines can be

To make the

distinguished.

lines they used a thin piece of lead, a ruler, and a pair of

comes to mark the distances. In old writings the ink

very black or brown

is

;

but

while there has been more writing since the thirteenth century, the colour of the ink

and sometimes All this

quite pale,

aifords

is

often grey or yellowish,

showing that

convincing

proof

it

contains iron.

that the manuscript

before us belongs to the middle of the thirteenth century,

written with clear black letters between fine lines carefully

The colour of the ink shows decidedly

traced with lead. that

it

By these

does not contain iron.

given, 1256,

is satisfactorily

to assign any

later date.

evidences the date

proved, and

impossible

is

it

mod-

Therefore all suspicion of

ern deception vanishes.

The language

is

very old Fries,

than the Fries Rjuchtboek or

still

and purer

older

old Fries laws, differing

from that both in form and spelling, so that

it

appears to

be an entirely distinct dialect, and shows that the locality of the language must have been (as

it

was spoken) be-

tween the Vlie and the Scheldt.

The

style is

extremely simple, concise, and unembar-

rassed, resembling that of ordinary conversation,

in the choice of

the words.

The spelling

and easy, so that the reading of least

difficulty,

stricted, that

and yet with each

of

worked at the book has

the his

it

is

and

does not involve the

all its regularity, so

separate writers

own

free

also simple

unre-

who have

peculiarities,

-

arising

from the changes in pronunciation in a long course of years,

which naturally must have happened, as the

part of the work

is

written five centuries after the

last

first.

INTRODUCTION.

As

a specimen of antiquity in language and writing, I

believe I its

ix

may

venture to say that this hook

is

unique of

kind.

The writing suggests an observation which may be of great importance.

The Grreeks know and acknowledge that their writing was not their own invention.. They attribute the introduction of

Kus, a Phenician. The names of from Alpha to Tau, agree so exactly with the names of the letters in the Hebrew alphabet, with to

it

their oldest letters,

which the Phenician will have been nearly connected,

we cannot doubt that the Hebrew was the origin of But the form of their letters differs so entirely from that of the Phenician and Hebrew writing, that

the Phenician.

that in that particular no connection can be thought of between them. Whence, then, have the Greeks derived the form of their letters ?

From "

bok

thet

thfira

Adela folstar" ("The Book of

Adela's Followers") we learn that in the time is

when Kus.

said to have lived, about sixteen centuries before Christ, a

brisk trade existed between the Frisians and the Phenicians,

whom

named Kadhemar, or dwellers on the coast. The name Kus comes too near the word Kadhemar they

for us not to believe that

Kus

simply meant a Pheni-

cian.

Further on we learn that about the same time a priestess of the castle in the island of Walcheren, Min-erva, also called Nyhellenia,

Frisian

had settled in Attica at the head of a

colony, and

had founded a

at Athens.

castle

Also, from the s written on the walls of

Wara-

burch, that the Finns likewise had a writing of their

—

a very troublesome and difficult one to read

therefore, the

Tyrians and the

writing of Frya. explains

itself,

and

By it

—and

own that,

Greeks had learned the

this representation the

whole thing

becomes clear whence comes the ex-

X

INTRODUCTIOK.

terior

resemblance between the Greek and^the old Fries

writing, which Caesar also remarked

among

the Gauls ; as

what manner the Greeks acquired and retained the names of the "Bg™ and the forms of the Fries writing.

likewise in

We

Equally remarkable are the forms of their figures.

usually call our figures Arabian, although they have not

The

the least resemblance to those used by the Arabs.

Arabians did not bring their ciphers from the East, because the Semitic nations used the whole alphabet in writ-

The manner of expressing

ing numbers.

all

numbers by

ten signs the Arabs learned in the West, though the form

was in some measure corresponding with their writing, and was written from left to right, after the Western fashion.

Our

ciphers

seem here

have sprung from the Fries

to

had the same origin as the derived from the lines of the Juul ?

ciphers {sifar), which form

handwriting, and

The book

is

two parts, differand of dates very far apart.

as it lies before us consists of

ing widely from -each

other,

The writer of the

part calls herself Adela, wife of

Apol, chief

man

first

of the Linda country.

This

is

continued

by her son Adelbrost, and her daughter ApoUonia. first

book, running from page

The following

part,

is

is begun by Adelbrost The second book, running

written by Apollonia.

perhaps two hundred and written, from page

written by Adela.

from 88 to 94,

and continued by Apollonia. from page 94 to 114,

1 to 88, is

The

fifty

years,

Much

later,

a third book

114 to 134, by Frethorik; then

is

fol-

lows from page 134 to 143, written by his widow, Wil-

jow; after that from page 144 to 169 by their son, Konereed; and then

Beeden,

from page 169

to

192 by their grandson,

Pages 193 and 194, with which the

last part

must have begun, are wanting, therefore the writer is unknown. He may probably have been a son of Beeden.

On page of Adela.

Wiljow makes mention of another writing These she names " thet bok thSra sanga (thet

134,

-

INTRODUCTION. boek), thera tellinga," and " thet afterwards "

skrifta fon

Adela

Hell^iiia

jeftlia

bok

;

" and

Hell^nia."

we must start from the year 1256 of our when Hiddo overa Linda made the copy, in which he

To era,

ffia

xi

fix

says that

the date

it

was 3449 years after Atland was sunk.

disappearance of the old land {dldland, dtland) was

by the Greeks,

for Plato mentions in his

This

known

" Timfeus," 24, the

disappearance of Atlantis, the position of which was only

known as somewhere far beyond the Pillars of Hercules. From this writing it appears that it was land stretching far out to the west of Jutland, of

the islands of North

Friesland

which Heligoland and

are the last barrenjrem-

nants, ,' This event, which occasioned a great dispersion of

the Fiuditm race, became the

commencement

logical reckoning corresponding with

and

is

On

known by

of a chrono-

2193 before Christ,

geologists as the Cimbrian flood.

page 80 begins an in the year 1602, after

the disappearance of Atland, and thus in the year 591 be-

and on page 82 is the of the murder " ofFrana, Eeremoeder," of Texland two years later that is, in 589. When, therefore, Adela commences her writ"^ng with her own coming forward in an assembly of the *eople thirty years after the murder of the Eeremoeder, that must have been in the year 559 before Christ. In the part written by her daughter Apollonia, we find that fifteen months after the assembly Adela was killed by the Finns in an attack by surprise of Texland. This must fore Christ ;

—

accordingly

Hence

it

have

happened

The

years

before

Christ.

follows that the first book, written by Adela, was

of the year 558 before Christ. lonia,

557

we may assign

The second book, by Apol-

to about the year 530 before Christ.

latter part contains the history of the

Friesland, Friso, Adel (Ubbo),

Black Adel.

Of

known kings

and Asega Askar,

the third king, Ubbo, nothing

of

called

is said,

or

rather that part is lost, as the pages 169 to 188 are miss-

;

XU

INTRODiUCTION.

Frethorib, the

ing.

first writer,

who appears now, was a

contemporary of the occurrences which he relates, namely, He was a friend of Liudgert den the arrival of Friso.

Geertman, who, as rear-iral of the fleet of Wichhirte, the sea-king, had come with Friso in the year 303 Christ,

before

He

Atland.

1890 years

after

the

disappearance

of

has borrowed most of his information from

the log-book of Liudgert.

The

last writer gives himself out

most

clearly as a con-

temporary of Black Adel or Askar, about the middle of his reign,

which Furmerius

states to

have been from 70 before

Christ to 11 after the birth of Christ, the same period as

and Augustus.

Julius Csesar

He

therefore wrote in the

middle of the last century before Christ, and knew of the conquest of Gaul by the Eomans.

It is thus evident that

there elapsed fully two centuries between the two parts of

the work. the Gauls we read on page 84 that they were called " of Sydon." And on page 124 " that the Missionaries the Gauls are Druids." The Gauls, then, were Druids, and the

Of

name Galli, used for the whole nation, was really only the name of an order of priesthood brought from the East, just as among the Romans the Galli were priests of Cybele. •

The whole contents of the book are in That

is

to say, there

quainted with before.

and Askar

own

is

nothing in

What we

differs entirely

chroniclers,

or

it

all respects

that

new.

we were

ac-

here read of Friso, Adel,

from what

rather presents

it

is

related

in quite

by our another

For instance, they all relate that Friso came from and that thus the Frisians were of Indian descent India, and yet they add that Friso was a German, and belonged

light.

to

a

Persian

(Fep/jLaviot).

race

which

Herodotus

called

Germans

According to the statement in this book,

Friso did come from India, and with the fleet of Near-

INTRODUCTION.

chus

but he

;

is

XIU

not therefore an Indian.

sian origin, of Frya's people.

He

He

is

of Fri-

belongs, in fact, to a

Frisian colony which after the death of Nijhell^nia, fifteen

and a half centuries before

Christ,

under th^ guidance of

a priestess Geert, settled in the Punjab, and took the

name

The Geertmen were known by only one of the Greek writers, Strabo, who mentions them as Fep/Mve^, differing totally and entirely from the Bpajaxave'i in manners, language, and religion. of Geertmen.

The historians of Alexander's expeditions do not speak Geertmen, though they mention Indo-

of Frisians or

whb live in India, but whose origin is in the distant, unknown North. In the s of Liudgert no names are given of scythians, thereby describing a people

places where the Frieslanders lived in India.

know

only

that they first established themselves to the east of

the Punjab, and afterwards rivers.

in the

heads. in

We

moved

to the west of those

It is mentioned, moreover, as a striking fact,«that

summer

the sun at midday was straight above their

They therefore lived within the

Ptolemy

(see the

map

tropics.

"We find

of Kiepert), exactly 24° N; on the

west side of the Indus, the name Minnagara; and about six degrees east of that, in 22° N.,

This

name

is

another Minnagara.

pure Fries, the same as Walhallagara, Fols-

and comes from Minna, the name of an Eeremoeder, whose time the voyages of Tennis and his nephew Inca

gara, in

took place.

The coincidence

is

too remarkable to be accidental,

and

not to prove that Minnagara was the headquarters of the

The establishment of the colonists in the Punjab in 1551 before Christ, and their journey thither, we find fully described in Adela's book ; and with the Frisian colony.

mention of one most remarkable circumstance, namely, that the Frisian mariners sailed through the strait which in those times

still

ran into the

Eed

Sea.

INTRODUCTION.

XIV

In Strabo, book

i.

pages 38 and 60,

it

appears that

Eratosthenes was acquainted with the existence of the strait,

of which the later geographers

It existed still in the

make no mention.

time of Moses (Exodus xiv. 2), for

he encamped at Pi-ha-chiroht, the

"mouth

of the

strait. '-'

Moreover, Strabo mentions that Sesostris

made an attempt

to cut through the isthmus, but that he

was not able

accomplish

flow through

to^

That in very remote times the sea really did-

it.

is

proved by the result of the geological'

made by the Suez Canal Commission, of which M. Renaud presented a report to

investigations on the isthmus

Academy of Sciences on the 19th June 1856. In that report, among other things, appears the following: " Une question fort controversee est celle de savoir, si a

the

Hebreux fuyaient de I'Egypte sous

I'epoque ou les

la con-

duite de Moise, les lacs amers faisaient encore partie de la

mer

rouge.

Cette derniere hypothese s'accorderait

mieux

que I'hypothese contraire avec le texte des livres sacres,

mais alors Moise

faudrait ettre

il

le seuil

que depuis I'^poqne de

de Suez serait sorti des eaux."

With regard

to this question, it is certainly of

impor-

tance to fall in with an in this Frisian manuscript,

from which

it

seems that in the sixteenth century before

Christ the connection between the Bitter Lakes and the

Sea

still

existed,

and that the

strait

was

still

Eed

navigable.

The manuscript further states that soon after the age of the Geertmen there was an earthquake ; that the land rose so high that all the water ran out, and all the shallows and

alluvial Ignds rose

happened

^^

up

like

a wall.

This must have

the time of Moses, so that at the date of

the Exodus ( 1661 b.c.) the track between Suez and the Bitter Lakes was still navigable, but could be forded dryfoot at low water.

^—^^^.-^^

This point, then,

is

the

^- -p-

commencement of

the isth-

—

INTEODUCTION.

mus,

after tlie

forming of which, the northern

inlet was Gulf of Pelusium. by Louis Figuier, in the " Ann^e scientifique

certainly soon filled

The map

XV

up as

far as. the

et industrielle" {premiere annde), Paris, Hachette, 1857,

gives a distinct illustration of the formation of this land.

Another statement, which occurs only in Strabo, finds also here a confirmation.

writers relates

Strabo alone of all the Greek

that Nearchus, after he had landed his

troops in the Persian Gulf, at the

mouth

of the Pasitigris,

Gulf by Alexander's command,

sailed out of the Persian

and steered round Arabia through the Arabian Gulf.^s the stands, it is not clear what Nearchus had to do there, and what the object of the further voyage was. If, as Strabo seems to think,

it

was only for geographical

One

discovery, he need not have taken the whole fleet.

would have

or two ships

sufficed.

We

do not read that he

Where, then, did he remain with that fleet ? The answer to this question is to be found in the.

returned.

Alexander had bought the

Frisian version of the story. ships on the Indus, or had had

dants of the Frisians

at the

them

built

settled there

by the descen-

—the Geertmen

his service sailors

from among them,

head of them was Friso.

Alexander having

and had taken into

and

who

accomplished his voyage and the transport of his troops,

had no further use

for the ships in the

Persian Gulf,

He had must be carried into efi'ect. He wished to do what no one had done before him. For this purpose Nearchus was to sail up the Eed Sea, and on his arrival at Suez was to find 200 elephants, 1000 camels, workmen and materials, timber and ropes, &c., in but wished to employ them in the Mediterranean. taken that idea into his head, and

it

order to haul the ships by land over the isthmus.

work was carried on and accomplished with so and energy that launched

in

after three

months' labour the

the Mediterranean.

That the

This

much fleet

fleet

zeal

was

really

INTEODUCTION.

XVI

came

" Life of

to the Mediterranean appears in Plutarch's ;

Alexander " but he makes Nearchus bring the Africa,

and

sail

fleet

round

through the Pillars of Hercules.

After the defeat at Acfium, Cleopatra, in imitation of this example, tried to take her fleet over the

bitants of Arabia Petrsea,

who burnt

" Life of Antony.")

tarch's

isthmus in

by the inha-

order to escape to India, but was prevented

(See Plu-

her ships.

When Alexander

shortly after-

wards died, Friso remained in the service of Antigonus and Demetrius, until, having been grievously insulted by the

he resolved to seek out with his sailors their father-

latter,

To India he could

land, Friesland.

not, indeed, return.

Thus these s chime in with other,

and

in that

way

afi'ord

and

clear

up each

a mutual confirmation of the

events.

Such simple narratives and surprising results led me conclude that we had to do here with more than mere

to

Saga and Legends. Since the last twenty years attention has been directed to the remains of the dwellings

on

piles, first

observed in

the Swiss lakes, and afterwards in other parts of Europe.

(See

Dr

Dr E.

T.

1867.)

C.

" Die Pfahlbauten ; " Wurzburg, 1869. Winkler, in the " Volksalmanak," t. N. v. A. Eiickert,

When

they were found, endeavonrs were

made

to

discover, by the existing fragments of arms, tools, and household articles, by whom and when these dwellings had been inhabited. There are no s of them in historical writers, V.

beyond what Herodotus writes in book The only trace that has

chapter 16, of the " Paeonen."

been found

is

in one of the s of Trajan's Pillar, in

which the destruction of a

pile village in

Dacia

is

repre-

sented.

Doubly important,

therefore,

is it to learn from the " writing of ApoUonia that she, as Burgtmaagd " (chief of the virgins), about 540 years before Christ, made a journey

INTRODUCTION.

XVll

up the Ehine to Switzerland, and there became acquainted with the Lake Dwellerp (Marsaten). She describes their dwellings built upon piles the people themselves 'their manners and customs. She relates that they lived by

—

fishing

—

and hunting, and that they prepared the skins of

the animals with the bark of the birch-tree in order to sell

who brought them

the furs to the Rhine boatmen,

commerce.

This of the pile dwellings in the Swiss

lakes can only have been written in the time

dwellings

into

still

existed and were lived

in.

when

these

In the second

part of the writing, Konered oera Linda relates that Adel,

the son of Friso

(±

250 years before Christ), visited the

pile dwellings in Switzerland

with his wife Ifkja.

Later than this there

is

no mention by any

writer whatever of the pile dwellings, and the subject has

remained

for

twenty centuries utterly unknown until 1853,

when an extraordinary low

state of the water led to the

discovery of these dwellings.

Therefore no one could have

Although

invented this in the intervening period. a great portion of the

—^belongs

of Adela

Trojan war, there

first

part of the work

—the

book

to the mythological period before the is

a striking difference between

it

and

much

less The Myths the Greek myths. any chronology, nor any internal coherence of successive The untrammelled fancy develops itself in every events. The mythological poem separately and independently. " Les Mythes stories contradict each other on every point.

have no dates,

ne se tiennent pas,"

is

the

only key to

the

Greek

Mythology. Here, on the contrary, we meet with a regular succession of dates starting from a fixed period

Atland, 2193 before Christ.

—the

destruction of

The s are natural and

simple, often naive, never contradict each other, and are

always consistent with each other in time and place. As, for instance, the arrival and sojourn of Ulysses with the

XVUl

INTRODUCTION.

Burgtmaagd Kalip at Walhallagara (Walcheren), whicli is the most mytliical portion of all, is here said to be 1005 years after the disappearance of Atland, which coincides

with

11

88 years before Christ, and thus agrees very nearly

with the time at which the Greeks say the Trojan war

The story of Ulysses was not brought here Tacitus found it time by the Komans. " Germania," cap. 3), and already in Lower (see says that at Asciburgium there was an altar on which the

took place. for

the

first

names of Ulysses and his father Laertes were inscribed. Another remarkable difference consists in this, that the Myths know no origin, do not name either writers or relaters of their stories, and therefore never can bring forward any

Whereas

authority.

a

given

statement

is

whence

was taken.

it

Minno's writings

—

burch

—

in Adela's book, for every

where it was found or For instance, " This comes from notice

this is written

this in the

town of Frya

on the walls of Wara-

—

—

this at Stavia

this at

Walhallagara." There

also this further.

is

Laws, regular

legislative

enactments, such as are found in great numbers in Adela's book, are utterly

unknown

in Mythology,

irreconcilable with its existence.

Even when the Myth

Minos the introduction of lawgiving in Crete,

attributes to it

and indeed are

does not give the least of what the legislation

Also among the Gods of Mythology there

consisted in. existed

no system of laws.

able Destiny

and the

With regard mythical regard

to

history.

various relations with

do not. find

will of the

supreme Zeus.

Mythology, this writing, which bears no

character,

to

The only law was unchang-

is

not less remarkable

than with

Notwithstanding the frequent and

Denmark, Sweden, and Norway, we

any traces of acquaintance with the Northern

or Scandinavian Mythology.

Only Wodin appears in the

person of Wodan, a chief of the Frisians,

who became

the

INTRODUCTION. son-in-law of one Magy, death was deified.

-

^-

The Frisian religion

is

King

of the Finns, and after his 2<^^^

«-«• z'''>£rfr

^^

^-^

extremely simple, and pure Mo-

Wr-alda or Wr-alda's

notheism.

XIX

spirit is the only eternal,

unchangeable, perfect, and almighty being.

Wr-alda has

Out of him proceeds everything

created everything.

—

first

the beginning, then time, and afterwards Irtha, the Earth. Irtha bore three daughters

—Lyda,

Finda, and Frya

—

the

mothers of the three distinct races, black, yellow, and white Africa, Asia, and Europe. As such, Frya is the

—

mother of Frya's people, the Frieslanders. representative of Wr-alda, and

She

is

the

reverenced accordingly.

is

Frya has established her " Tex," the

first

law, and has

established the religion of the eternal light.

The worship

consists in the maintenance of a perpetually-burning lamp,

by

foddik,

priestesses,

virgins in every

At

virgins.

the head

of

the

town was a Burgtmaagd, and the chief of

the Burgtmaagden was the Eeremoeder of the Fryasburgt

The Eeremoeder The kings can do nothing, nor out her advice and approval. appointed by Frya herself, and of Texland.

we

can anything happen with-

The was

find here the prototype of the

We

first

Eeremoeder was

"Annals,"

('' i.

Germania," 54),

8.

In

called Fdsta.

Eoman

Hist.,

iv.

fact,

Vestal Virgins.

are reminded here of Velleda (Welda)

in Tacitus

in

governs the whole country.

and Aurinia

61, 65

;

v.

22, 24.

and of Gauna, the successor of Velleda,

Dio^assius (Fragments, 49). Tacitus speaks of the town

of Velleda as " edita turris," page 146.

Manna^da forda

It

was the town

(Munster).

In the county of the Marsians he speaks of the temple

Tanfane (Tanfanc), so called from the sign of the Juul. (See plate

The

I.)

last of these

towns was Fastaburgt in Ameland,

temple Foste, destroyed, according to Occa Scarlensis, in 806. If

we

find

among

the Frisians a belief in a

Godhead

XX

INTRODUCTION.

and ideas of religion entirely

we

logy of other nations,

some points the

in

Roman

diiferent

are the

from the Mythoto find

more surprised

and

closest connection with the Grreek

Mythology, and

even

deities of the highest rank,

of two

with the origin

Miu-erva and Neptune.

Min-

erva (Athene) was originally a Burgtmaagd, priestess of

Frya, at the town Walhallagara, Middelburg, or Domburg, in Walcheren.

And

this

Min-erva

is

at the

same time the

mysterious enigmatical goddess of whose worship scarcely

any traces remain beyond the votive stones at Domburg, in Walcheren, Nehallenia, of

whom

no mythology knows

anything more than the name, which etymology has used for all sorts of fantastical derivations.*

The

other,

Neptune, called by the Etrurians Nethunus, the

God of the Mediterranean Sea, appears here to have been, when living, a Friesland Viking, or sea-king, whose home His name

was Alderga (Oaddorp, not far from Alkmaar).

was Teunis, called familiarly by

his followers

Neef Tenuis,

who had chosen the Mediterranean as must have been Tyrians at the time when the Phenician

or Cousin Teunis,

the destination of his expeditions, and

by the

deified

navigators began to extend their voyages so remarkably, sailing to Friesland in order to obtain British tin, northern iron,

and amber from the

Baltic, about

2000 years before

Christ.

Besides these two we meet with a third mythological

person— Minos,

the

lawgiver

of

appears to have been a Friesland

Crete,

who

likewise

sea-king, Minno, born

between Wieringen and Krey], who imparted to the Cretans an " Asagaboek." He is that Minos who,

at Lindaoord,

with his brother

Rhadaman^us and ^acus,

presided

Min-erva was called Nyhellenia because her counsels were ny and is, new and clear. In Paul's epitome of S. Pomponius Festus verhomm Signiiicatione, we find " Min-erva dicta quod bene moneat. "

as

*

that

Preller,

Roman Mythology,

p..

268.

liel,

dc See

INTRODUCTION.

judges over the fates of

tlie

Xxi

ghosts in Hades, and mnst

not be confounded with the later Minos, the contemporary of ^geus and Theseus, who appears in the Athenian fables.

The reader may perhaps be inclined

me

statements, and aipply to lately used,

fantastic

could not believe

to laugh at these

the words that I myself have

and improbable. Indeed at first I and yet after further con-

my own eyes,

sideration I arrived at the discovery of extraordinary con-

formities which render the case

much

less

improbable than

the birth of Min-erva from the head of Jupiter by a blow

from the axe of Hephaestus, for instance. In the Greek Mythology all the gods and goddesses have a youthful period. Pallas alone has no youth. She is not otherwise

known than

adult.

Min-erva appears in Attica as

high priestess from a foreign country, a country unknown to the Greeks.

Pallas

Burgtmaagd.

The

is

fair,

a virgin goddess, Min-erva

is

a

blue-eyed Pallas, differing thus in

type from the rest of the gods and goddesses, evidently

belonged to Frya's people. the emblematical

same

for both.

The character

for

attributes, especially the

Pallas gives to the

wisdom and owl, are

name, Athenai, which has no meaning in Greek. gives to the

town

built

by her the

the

new town her own Min-erva

name Athene, which has

an important meaning in Fries, namely, that they came there as friends

— " Athen."

Min-erva came to Attica about 1600 years before Christ, the period at which the Grecian Mythology was beginning to be formed.

Min-erva lauded with the

head of a colony in Attica.

on the Eoman votive stones

fleet

of Jon at the

In later times we find her in Walcheren, under the

of Nehallenia, worshipped as i goddess of navigation Pallas

is

name ;

and

worshipped by the Athenians as the protecting

goddess of shipbuilding and navigation.

Time

is

the carrier

who must

eternally turn the

" Jol"

(wheel) and carry the sun along his course through the

XXU

INTEODUCTION.

firmament from winter to winter, thus forming the year, In midwinter the every turn of the wheel being a day. " Jolfeest" is celebrated on Frya's Day. Then cakes are

baked in the form of the sun's wheel, because with the Jol Frya

formed the

The Jolfeest

is

when she wrote her "Tex."

letters

also

therefore

honour of Frya as

in

inventor of writing.

Just as this Jolfeest has been changed by Christianity into Christmas throughout into St Nicholas'

Day

Nicholas'

the lover

dolls

—

Denmark and , and

Holland

in

and

sweetheart

memorial of Frya, and the St Nicholas rial

our

St

—are

a

so, certainly,

;

his

a

letters

memo-

of Frya's invention of tetters formed from the wheel.

I cannot analyse the whole contents of this writing,

and

must content myself with the remarks that I have made. They will give an idea of the richness and importance If some of it is fabulous, even as of the contents. fabulous it must have an interest for us, since so little of the traditions of our forefathers remains to us.

An may

internal evidence of the antiquity of these writings

name Batavians had The inhabitants of the whole country

be found in the fact that the

not yet been used.

as far as the Scheldt are Frya's people

—

Frieslanders.

The

The name Batavi The Romans gave it to the inhabitants of the banks of the Waal, which river bears the name Patabus in the " Tabula Pentingeriana." The Batavians are not a separate people.

is

of

Eoman

origin.

name Batavi Pliny, iv. 10.

and

is

(See

does not appear earlier than Tacitus and interpolated

in

Csesar's

my treatise on the course of the Frisians

" De Vrije Fries," 4th

vol. 1st part,

I will conclude with one

rivers

and Batavians,

the countries of the

guage. Those

" Bello Gallico," through

p.

49 in

1845.)

more remark regarding the lan-

who have been

able to take only a superficial

INTRODUCTION.

XXIU

view of the manuscript have been

struck by the polish

language, and

of the

conformity with

its

Friesland language and Dutch.

In

this

the

present

they seem to

find grounds for doubting the antiquity of the manuscript.

But, I ask,

Homer much less Demosthenes? And does

then, the language of

is,

polished than that of Plato or

Homer's vocabulary

not the greatest portion of

exist in

the Greek of our day?

and

It is true that language alters with time,

tinually subject to slight variations,

guage

change in the language in

this

is

worked at the book, each

to philologists.

who have

recogtiisable

is

in style, language,

con-

which lanThis

manuscript accordingly gives

for important observations

not only that of the eight writers

liarities

to

fouad to be different at different epochs.

is

ground

owing

and spelling

;

by

It is

successively slight pecu-

but more parti-

cularly between the two parts of the book, between which

an interval of more than two centuries occurs, a striking difference of the language is visible, which shows what a slowly progressive period of time.

regulation

As

has

it

undergone in that

the result of these

considerations, I

arrive at the conclusion that I cannot find

doubt the authenticity of these writings. forgeries.

Who kind? date.

In the

could at

first place,

later

forged anything of that

Still less

date a forgery

for the simple reason that

is

any one

at

an

earlier

equally impossible,

no one was acquainted with

Except Grimm, Richthofen, and Hettema,

the language.

no one can be named philology, or

the copy of 1256 cannot be.

that time have

Certainly no one.

At a

any reason to

They cannot be

who

able to write in

it.

sufficiently versed in that

branch of

had studied the language so as to be

And

if

any one could have done

so,

there would have been no more extensive vocabulary at his service than that

which the East Frisian laws

afford.

Therefore, in the centuries lately elapsed, the preparation

INTRODUCTION.

XXIV

Whoever doubts

was quite impossible.

of ttis writing

this let him begin by showing where, when, by whom, and with what object such a forgery could be committed,

and

him show

let

in

writing, and

paper, this

modern times the fellow of

Moreover, that the manuscript of 1256

but

is

a copy,

is

this

this language. is

not original,

proved by the numerous faults in the

writing, as well as by some explanations of words which

copyist had

become obsolete

already in

the time of the

and

known, as, for instance, in page 82 (114), "to bedrum;" page 151 (204), "bargum jefta

little

fl^te jefta

thera

tonnum fon tha

A

besta bjar."

stronger proof

still

is

that between pages 157 and

158 one or more pages are missing, which cannot have been lost out of this manuscript, because the pages

157 and 158

on the front and the back of the same leaf. Page 157 finishes thus " Three months afterwards Adel

are

:

and them to send him intelligent people in the month of May." When we turn over the leaf, the other side begins, " his wife, he said, who had been Maid of Texsent messengers to all the friends that he had gained,

requested

land," had got a copy of it. ,-

There

is

no connection between these two.

There

is

wanting, at least, the arrival of the invited, and an of what ed at their meeting.

It is clear, therefore,

must have turned over two pages of the original instead of one. There certainly existed then an earlier manuscript, and that was doubtless written by Liko that the copyist

oera Linda in the year 803.

We may

thus accept that

of which the before our

first

we

possess in this manuscript,

part was composed in the sixth century

era, the oldest

production, after

Hesiod, of Europea,n literature.

And

here

Homer and

we

find in our

fatherland a very ancient people in possession of develop-

ment,

civilisation, industry, navigation,

commerce,

litera-

XXV

INTEODUCTION.

and pure elevated ideas of we had never even conjectured. ture,

religion,

lieved that the historical records

farther back than the arrival

whose existence

Hitherto

we have

be-

of our people reach no

of Friso

the presumptive

we become aware more than 2000 years

founder of the Frisians, whereas here these

ttare

records

Christ,

mount up

suring

the

to

antiquity

of Hellas

and

equalling that of Israel.

This paper was read at a meeting of the Frisian Society,

February 1871.

VERGELIJKEIS^DE VAN DE OUD FEIESCHE WETTEN, Dyo forme need iitered

is

hweerso en kynd jongh

:

ende des

setta

ende

sella

finsen

^p

Soe moet die

noerd wr hef, jefta (sud) wr birgh.

moder her kindes eerwe

is

ende

lier

kynd

lesa

lives bihelpa.

Dioe oder need

is

honger wr dat land

:

jef da jere diore wirdat, ende di beta

faert,

ende dat kynd bonger stere wil, so

•meet dio moder her kindes eerwe setta ende sella ende capia

ber bern ky ende ey ende coern deerma da kinde des lives

mede

belpe.

Dyo buus

tredde need

laes,

comt sa

is

:

Als dat kind

is al

stocnaken, jefta

ende dan di tiuestera nevil ende calde winter oen

faert allermanick oen syn hof

ende oen sin buis

ende an waranne gaten, ende dawiildadier seket diin boUa

baem ende mey.

der birgba

aldeer bit siin

blii,

liif

oen bibalda

Soe weinet ende scry t dat onieriga kind ende wyst dan

syn uakena lyae ende syi^iuuslaes, ende syn fader deer

bim reda

scbuld, to ienst

"n

cald, dat bi so diepe ende-

bonger ende winter nevil

dimme mitta

fiower neylen

is

onder eke ende onder da eerda bisloten ende bitaobt, so

moet

dio

moder ber kindes eerwe

setta

ende

sella

omdat bio

da bibield babbe ende biwaer also lang so hit onierich dat bit cen forste ner oen honger naet forfare.

Anjumer druk, (1466.)

e.i.i.

is,

TAALPROEVE EN DE TAAL VAN HET HANDSCHRIFT. ^IPju forma ned

is

Sahwersa en b&rn jvng

:

sMward

feterad northward vr-et hef jeftha

sa ^ch thju

mS,m hjara birns erva

is

:

fensen and

vr tha berga,

to settande §,nd to sel-

jande &nd hjra b^rn to lesane §,nd thes

Thju othera ned

is

lives to bihelpane.

jef tha jera djura wirthat

&nd

thi

hSte hvnger wr thet land farth ind th&t b&rn stjera wil, sa

mot

thju m§,m hjara bS-rns erva setta &nd selja i.nd kapja-

hiri

b&rne ky §,nd skep i,nd k^ren ther mitha

min

thet bi.rn

*

thes lives bihelpe.

Thju tredde ned husl§,s

ind then thi

is

sahwersa

:

thS,t b§,rn is

stoknaked jefta

tjustera nevil §.nd kalda winter

sa farth allera minnalik

an sin hof

ind an

ankvmth,

sin hus S,nd

an

w^rande g4ta, &nd thet wilde kwik sykath thene hola b^m

&nd th^re berga hly nath

th^r-it sin lif

an bihalda mei, sa w^-

§.nd krytath th&,t vnjerich bS,rn

keda litha iud

sin huslas-sa

Snd wyst then sin na-

indjin tat thgr him hreda skolde

tojenst tha hvnger §,nd tha

kapa

winter nevil, that hi sa

dimme mithfjuwer neilum vndera eke S.nd vnder tha bisletteu §.nd bidobben is, sa mot thju m&m hjara

djap ind irtha

b§.rns erva setta

and

&nd tha w^ringa

al sa

an

frost ner

selja

vmbe

that hju tha bihield ha,ve

long sa hit vnjerich sy,

an hvnger navt

vmkvma

til

thju-t hor

ne mei.

Vertaald door J. G. 0.

.

ADELi.

—

Okke min Svn

:

—

Thissa boka mot

i

mith

lif §,nd sele

fattath thju skednise fon vs ele

warja. Se

vmbi-

folk ak fon vsa ethlum.

tham ut-er fled bred tolik mith tbi kud Tha bja wSron wet wrden; tber tbrvcb

Vrleden jer h§,b ik tbinra moder.

gvngon bja ba,b

tbu

se erve,

Vmbe

vrdarva.

^fternei

ik-ra vp wiiandisk

mot tbu

se

thju bja nimmertbe wei navt ne

Skreven to Ljuwert.

tbu sond fjvwer hvndred tbS,t is

goste

kvma.

N6i atland svnken S,nd

is* tbit tbria

njugon ind fjvwertigoste

nei kersten rfiknong tbat tvelf hvndred sex §,nd

Hidde tobinomatb oera Linda.

jer.

Ljawa ervnoma. vsa ljawa

Vmb

vsa Ijawa

let

jer,

fifti-

Wtk.

fitblas wille

ind vmb

fridoms wille, tbus^nd w§,ra si bidd-ik to

Ocb ljawa ne

jo.

tha S,gon Snis papekappe tach nimmertbe

Hja sprekatb sweta wirda

over tbissa skrifta ne weja.

men

bja navt to vrlysa

pampyer wrskreven. Sa bwersa Tbin hkvn alsa til 4k wrskryva.

bja tornatb vnm§,rksem an alles bwat fou vs fryas

treftb.

Vmbe

rika

prebende

mitb tba poppa kfininggar. grS,teste fianda send,

to

winnande sk belatb bja

Thissa wStatb tbat wi bjara

tbrvchdam wi bjara liuda to spr^ke forstne plicbt. Thervmbe bwat fon vsa etblum kvmt Und

tbvra vr frijdom, rjucbt &nd IStatb bja alles vrdiligja,

sedum. Ocb ljawa ik bS,v Wil Wr.alda-t tbjelda &nd willath wi vs navt sterik ne m^kja bja skilun vs algadur vrdiligja. Skreven to Ljudwerd. Acbt hondred S,nd tbrju jer nei

hwat tber jeta

by tbam

et

rest fon vsa alda

bove west.

kersten bigrip.

Liko tonomatb ovira Linda. * 3449-1256 = 2193 voorChr.

Okke my Son— You must

preserve these books with body and

They contain the history of

soul.

as of our forefathers.

Last year

I

all

our people, as well

saved them in the flood,

you and your mother ; but they got wet, and to perish. In order not to lose them, I copied them on foreign paper. In case you inherit them, you must copy them likewise, and your children must do so too, so that they may never as well as

began

therefore

be

lost.

Written at Liuwert, in the three thousand four hundred after Atland was submerged that

—

and forty-ninth year is,

according to the Christian reckoning, the year 1256.

Hiddo, surnamed Over de Linda.

—Watch.

Beloved successors, for the sake of our dear forefathers, and of our dear liberty, I entreat you a thousand times never let the eye of a

monk

look on these writings.

They

are very insinuating, but they destroy in an underhand

manner

In order to gain

that relates to us Frisians.

all

who know we dare to

rich benefices, they conspire with foreign kings,

that

we

are

their greatest enemies, because

speak to their people of liberty, rights, and the duties of princes.

Therefore they seek to destroy

from our forefathers, and ifti,'

my

beloved ones

Wr-alda permits

it,

all that is left

all

that

we

derive

of our old customs.

I have visited their courts

!

!

and we do not shew ourselves strong

to resist, they will altogether exterminate us.

LiKO, surnamed Over de Linda. Written at Liudwert,

Anno DoTnini

If

803.

* 3149-1256

is

2193 before Christ.

THET BOK THflRA ADBLA FOLSTAE. Theittich jer

§,ftere

dei that thju folksmoder wmbroclit

was thrvch thene vreste M^gy stand et er &rg vm to. AUe stata th^r-er lidsa anda ore syde there Wrsara, w^roii fon vs ofkerth ind vnder-et weld thes Magy kgnien, §,nd-et stand to frSsane, that er weldig skolde wertha vr-et elle vnluk to werane hede mS,n ^ne mSna S,cht bilidsen, hwer g^durath w^ron allera minnelik, thSr ann-en gode hrop stande by tha famna. Tha nei that-er

Vmbe

l§,nd.

mS,r

tys

vrMpen weron as thrjv etmelda, was al go-red anda Tha to tha lesta fr^ge S-nd al-en sa by hjara kvmste.

Adela jer

th§,t

th5,t

J

wird, §,nde keth.

burchf^m wesen

Ak

sy.

alle w^t-et that ik thrjv

w6t

that ik kSren sy to

j

moder, knd ak, that ik nen moder nesa* navt nilde,* thrvch-

dam

ik Apol to

thi,t is,

min Snga jerde.

Thach hwat

wrentlike folksmoder wesen were. witherfaren to

my

j

navt nete,*

that ik alle bertnisa neigvngen hiw, evin as ik en

felo

Ik

sjande hw&t-er bgrde.

h§,v al-an fon lind

Ther thrvch send

seka bar wrden, ther 6ra navt nete.

^n tha 6ra syd there Wrsara

jester seith, th&t vsa sibba

njvt §,nd laf w6re.

Th4

mei sedsa

ik

J h&weth

to jv, th&t-er

Magyt

nen yne g4 of wnnen heth thrvch ihkt weld synra wepne, men blat thrvch §,rgelestige renka, S,nd jeta mS,r se

thrvch th&t gyrich sa th^ra hyrtogum knd thera ethelinga.

Frya heth

wi ne skoldon nen vnfrya Ijvd by vs toMta, tha hwat h5.von hja den ? hja h&von vsa fjand n^i-f^lgfed seit

:

hwand an

sted fon hjara

to letane, hlivon hja

sl§,fonum maked.

fensenum

Fryas r6d niinacht S,nd se to hjara

Thrvchdam hja sok dSdon, macht Frya

navt longer w4ka ovir hjam

dom

binimen, and

to d^iande, jeftha fry

th§,t is

:

hja hS,von ynes 6theris fry-

^rs^ke, tha,t hja hjara

* n68a=ne wgsa, nilde = ne wilde. n6te = new6tB. t Magy, Koning der Magyaren en Finnen.

—

THE BOOK OF ADELA'S FOLLOWERS. Thirty years after the day on which the Yolksmoeder was murdered by the commander Magy, was a time of great distress.

All the states that lie on the other side of the Weser had been wrested from us, and had fallen under the power of Magy, and it looked as if his power

was

to

become supreme over the whole land.

this misfortune a

To avert

general

assembly of the people was summoned, which was attended by all the men who stood in good repute with the Maagden (priestesses). Then at the end of three days the whole council was in confusion, and

same position as when they came together. Thereupon Adela demanded to be heard, and said You all know that I was three years Burgtmaagd. You know also that I was chosen for Volksmoeder, and that I refused to be Volksmoeder because I wished to marry Apol ; but what you do not know is, that I have watched everything that has happened, as if I had really been your in the

:

Volksmoeder. I have constantly travelled about, observing what was going on. By that means I have become acquainted with many things that others do not know.

You the

said yesterday that our relatives on the other side of dull and cowardly ; but I may tell you

Weser were

that the

Magy

has not

won

a single village from them by

of arms,- but only by detestable deceit, and more by the rapacity of their dukes and nobles. force

still

Frya has said we must not it amongst us any but but what have they done ? They have imi; tated our enemies, and instead of killing their prisoners, or letting them go free, they have despised the counsel of Frya, and have made slaves of them. Because they have acted thus, Frya cared no longer to watch over them. They robbed others of their freedom, and therefore lost their own. freeneople

* Nesa, contraction for ne wisa, nilde for ne wUde, nSte for ne wite.

t Magy,

King

of the Magyars or Finns.

THET BOK THEKA ADELA FOLSTAB.

6

Thach th&fc ella is jo selva aken. Men ik wil sedsa Th^ra finto jo, ho hja nei gradum s^ 1% vrsylth send. num hjara wiva krSjon ba,rn. Thissa waxton vppa mith Altomet tvildon lind joldon hja to samne vsa frya ba,rn. hkwe.

vppa hem, jeftha hja weron mith ekkorum by there herd. Ther herdon hja mith lustum nei tha vrdwMska finna Sa send hja s§,giim, thrvchdam hja thjvd knd nei wSron. vntfryast vnthonkes thene wald hjarar aldrum.

As

tha

wrdon 4nd sagon tha,t tha finna-ra bUrn nen w^pne hantera machte, and blsit w&rka moste, tha kr^jon hja anneth w§,rka en gryns §,nd wrdon h&rde h4chfarande. b§,rn grat

Tha

b§,sa §.nd hjara storsta

finna

mangertum;

svnum krupton by tha

lodderiga

S,nd hjara §jne toghatera thrvch thS.t

vvle farbild fon-a w^i brocht, leton hjara selva bigorda

thrvch tha skenesta finna kn^pa, hjara vvle aldrum to spot.

Tha thene Magy th&.t anda nos kryg, tha nam-er tha skenesta sinar Finna Und Magyara vrlovende ra ky mith golden horna, sa hja ra thrvch vs folk fata dedon, §,fterdam sina

Men

ler vtbreda.

sin Ijuda

dedon mar

:

bern wrdon to

sok makad, nei vpsalandum weibrocht, &nd sdhwersa hja vpbrocht weron an sina vvla Mr, th&n wrdon hja to bek

Tha tha skinslavona vsa tM mS,chtich wSron, sendon. tha klivadon hja tha hertoga S,nd ^thelinga an bord, lind kethon, hja moston thene

Magy

h^roch wertha, sa kvndon

svnum

vpfolgja tham, oni* thrvch-et folk kerou Thera ther vmbe goda dedum en f§,rdel to-ra bus kryen hede-vrlovadon hja fon sinant weguni.,.j§ita-n

hjara

to wrdane.

after-dM

bij

;

hoka tham en

far §,nd S-fter-del

seidon hja en rond-del to, §.nd

kryen hede

tham en rond-del hede en elle stS,t. "Weron tha ethla to hS,rde fryas, tha weudon hja tha stewen §,nd hildon vppar vrbastera svnum an. Jesterdei wkon-er mongf jo tham allet folk to hc^pa hropa wilde

* Oni,

oud HoU.

ane, Duitsoh oliue = zonder.

t Mong, among, emong=onder.

THE BOOK OF ADELA S FOLLOWERS.

known

7

you how they The Finn women had children. These grew up with our free children. They played and gamboled together in the fields, and were also together by the hearth. There they learned with pleasure the loose ways of the Finns, because they were bad and new; and thus they became denationalised in spite of the efforts of their parents. When the children grew up, aiid saw that the children of the Finns handled no weapons, and scarcely worked, they took a distaste for work, and became proud. The principal men and their cleverest sons made up to the wanton daughters of the Finns and their own daughters, led astray by this bad example, allowed themselves to be beguiled by the handsome young Finns in This

came

is

well

to sink

to you, but I will tell

so low.

;

derision

of

their

depraved

fathers.

When

the

Magy

found this out, he took the handsomest of his Finns and Magyars, and promised them " red cows with golden horns" to let themselves be taken prisoners by our people in order to spread his doctrines. His people did even Children disappeared, were taken away to the more. uplands, and after they had been brought up in his pernicious doctrines, were sent back. When these pretended prisoners had learned our language, they persuaded the dukes and nobles that they should become subject to the Magy that then their sons would succeed to them without having to be elected. Those who by their good deeds had gained a piece of land in front of their house, they promised on their side should receive in addition a piece behind those who had got a piece before and behind, should have a rondeel (complete cfrcuit) ; and those who had a rondeel should have a whole freehold. If the seniors were true to Frya, then they changed their course, and turned to the degenerate sons. Yesterday there were among you those who would have called the whole people together,

—

;

* Oni, in Old Dutch,

is

o«e ; in German, ohne or zander. is, in Dutch, onder ; in English, among.

+ Mong, among, or emong,

THET BOK THEEA ADELA FOLSTAR.

8

tHa astlike st^ta wither to hjara plyga to tvangande. Thach n^imin ynfalda myning skolde tli4t falikant* utkvm-

vmb

Thank ynes th^r was wesen en h&rde Ivngsyakte among-eth fja, knd tlaU-ev ther jeta &rg vvde, skolde j-eth thin wel wS,gia vmbe jvw helena fja to fkande among hjara syaka fja? &mmer na. Sahwersa allra mS-nnelik nw biama ma.

mot, th&t-eth ther mitha stapel krg of kvma skolde, hwa skoMe th&,n alsa dryst wesavmbe sina birn to wa-

a.nd bijechta

gande among en folk

^Ue &nd

thl,t

jo r6d j^va, ik skolde sedsa to jo, jo en

nfiie

sitte,

men

hS,ve

&nd usa plyga alle

j

Macht ik dingum

alle

th§,t j thfermitha

wel achte send th6r n6i th^re

thit skold ik navt ne melda.

is hja fol witskip knS. klarsyan,

6wa

is.

Tiintja thSr

burch MSd^asblik bet er nlimmer n6i talth

f§,m is et-er

ik r^da

vrd^ren

vt hawede tha,t-er fon tha thredtine burch-

f^mna than wi jeta ower 6ra dinge,

al

moste bifara

Ik w6t wel

folksmoder kyasa.

anda brvd

j

knd wel sa

;

tach

h§,rde vppir folk

stilth as all othera etsamne.

Forth skold-

moste n6i tha burgum ga, &nd th6r vpskrywa

fryas tex, bijvnka alle skydnisa, ja ella thit er to

wagum, til thju ella navt vrleren ni gl, ind mitha burgum alsa vrdSn navt ne werth. Thfir stS,t askriwen thiu moder lind jahwelik burchfam skil hS,va buta helpar ind senda bodon, yn and twintich famna &nd sjugon Macht ik thfer hwat to dvande, tha skol-ik 16rf§,mkis. &nd alsa fSlo 6rs6ma toghatera vmbe to Mrane, sa skrywa, th6r vppa burgum wSsa miige ; hwand ik seg an trowe finda sy vppa

:

§,nd tld skil-eth jechta,

sahwersa

j

a,fta

Fryas b&rn wille

nS,mmer to winnande, hor thrvch lesta ner thvch w6pne, sa hagath

wiva wrde. wfisen grS,t

sy,

nvdande th&t jvwe toghatera ifta frya Birn mot mS,n 16re, ho gr§,t vs land 6r hokke grate m&nniska vsa ethla wfiron, ho

j

to

wi jeta send, sa wi vs

* Falikant, fa likande

=

dS,l

ledsath bij

ora,

weinig gelijkende, niet conform.

m&n

THE BOOK OF ADBLA

S

FOLLOWEKS.

9

compel the eastern states to return to their duty. According to my humble opinion, they would have made to

Suppose that there was a very serious

a great mistake.

among the cattle, would you run the risk of sending your own healthy cattle among the sick ones ? epidemic

Certainly not. Every one must see that doing that would turn out very badly for the whole of the cattle.

"Who, then, would be so imprudent as to send their chil-

dren

among a

people wholly depraved

If I were to give

?

you any advice, it would be to choose a new Volksmoeder. I know that you are in a difficulty about it, because out of the thirteen Burgtmaagden that

we

eight are candidates for the dignity

still ;

have remaining,

but I should pay no

attention to that.

Teuntia, the candidate,

is

Burgtmaagd of Medeasblik, who

is

not a

a person of knowledge and sound sense, and

quite as attached to our people

and our customs as

all

recommend that you should visit all the citadels, and write down all the laws of Frya's Tex, as well as all the histories, and all that I should farther

the rest together.

is

written

on the walls, in order that

it

may

not be

destroyed with the citadels. It stands written that every Volksmoeder and every Burgtmaagd shall have assistants and messengers twentyone maidens and seven apprentices. If I might add more, I would recommend that all the

—

respectable girls

in the

towns should be taught; for I

say positively, and time will show

it,

that if you wish

to remain true children of Frya, never to be vanquished

by fraud or arms, you must take care

up your

to bring

daughters as true Frya's daughters.

You must

teach the children

been, what great still are, if

men

we compare

Falikant, or

fd

how

great our country has

our forefathers were,

how

great

ourselves to others.

likande, is very improbable or unlikely.

D

we

THET BOK TH^EA ADELA FOLSTAE.

10

hjam fon tha wicharda &nd fon hjara wichandAl thissa tminga lika dedum, kk wra fara sStoclita. hagatli dSn to werthande bij there h6rd, vppa h^m &nd

mot

taia

hw6r-et wfisa et

blyskip as bij tarum.

mfei, s^ bij

standf&st kvma an dat bryn

moton

Adelas r6d

nama

Thit send tba

mis wald is-er

thit

is

skil-

vpfolgath.

th^ra gr^retmanna, vnder

bok awrochten

nw

sSkening w^sen,

hwam-

Apol, Adelas man, Thria

is.

gr^vetman over Ast-flyland

is-er

Tha bvrga Ljvdgarda, LindahSm,

and ovir-a Linda-wrda. §.nd Stavja

Men

and&t hirta, th&n

overa w6ra jvwera wiva &nd toghatera

alle ISringa

th6r-in strama.

lind

send vnder sin hod.

Ther Saxman Storo, Sytjas man, gr^vetman ovir-a haga

Njvgun

fenna S.nd walda. to

wsira is-er to h^rtoga, th§.t

Tha burga Bvda

hyrman, keren.

§,nd

is

Manna-g^rda-

forda send vnder sin hod.

man, grfevetman

Abfilo, Jaltjas

Fjvwers is-er hyrman w^sen.

&nd KS,tsburch send vnder

Enoch Dywek &,nd Texland.

Waraburch,

ovir tha

Tha burga Aken, Ljvdburch

sin hod.

man, gr^vetman

his

Njvgun mel

is-er to

Forana

Mfidfiasblik,

Sudar PlyMnda.

ovir West-flyl^nd

sSkening k^ren.

i,nd aid

Thiu

Fryasburch send

vnder sin hod. Foppa,

man

fon Dunr6s, grSvetman ovir tha Sjvgon

Fif mel

6lS,nda.

hallag^ra

is

is-er

sfekening wfisen.

Thju burch Wal-

vnder sin hod.

wigum

Thit stand vppa tha

et

Fryasburch to Texland

askrywen, th&t st6t ^k to Stavia &nd to M^dSas

Th&t was Frya his dSi §,nd to sjvgun wara sjvgun

moder nSi Fryas

en fam was kSren. stfika,

j6r,

j^rta.

§,nd thk th^t

thfire

blik.

stonde was et vrlSden

that F&sta was ansta,ld as folks-

Thju burch M^d^asblik was rSd

Nw

§,nd

skolde FS,sta thju n6ja foddik vp-

d^n was an §jnwarda fon

thS.t folk,

—

;

THE BOOK OF ADELA's FOLLOWEKS.

You must

them of

tell

the sea-heroes, of their mighty

All these stories must be told

deeds and distant voyages.

by the

fireside

11

and in the

field,

wherever

it

may

be, in

times of joy or sorrow; and if you wish to impress the brains and the hearts of your sons, you

it

must

on

let it

flow through the lips of your wives and your daughters.

Adela's advice was followed.

These are the Grevetmen under whose direction this

book

is

composed

Apol, Adela's

:

husband

three

;

a sea

times

Grevetman of Ostflyland and Lindaoorden.

-

king

The towns

Liudgarda, Lindahem, and Stavia are under his care.

The Saxman Storo, the Hoogefennen and as

Sytia's

husband; G-revetman over

Wouden.

Nine times he was chosen

duke or heerman (commander).

Manna-garda-forda are under his

The towns Buda and

care.

AbSlo, Jaltia's husband ; Grevetman over the Zuiderflylanden.

He was

Liudburg, and Katsburg are under his

Enoch, Dywcke's husband

and

Texel.

The towns Aken,

three times heerman.

He was

;

care.

Grevetman over Westflyland

chosen nine times for sea - king.

Waraburg, Medeasblik, Forana, and Fryasburg are under his care.

Foppe, Dunroo's husband; Grevetman over the seven islands.

He was

hallagara

is

five

under his

times sea-king.

The town Wal-

care.

This was inscribed upon the walls of Fryasburg in Texland, as well as at Stavia It

and Medeasblik.

was Frya's day, and seven times seven years had

elapsed since Festa was desire of Frya.

The

appointed Yolksmoeder by the

citadel of Medeasblik

a Burgtmaagd was chosen.

new lamp, and when

was ready, and

Festa was about to light her

she had done so

in the presence

THET BOK th:6ra adela folstab.

12

m^nnalik tha hrop Frya fon hira wakst^re, sa that allera writ tha machte : Msta nim thinra stifte and tMt

Um

d^de alsa thinga th^r ik 6r navt sedsa ne machte. F4sta forma vsa b^rn an hja boden w&rth. Sa send wy Fryas sk^dnise k^men. is vsa forma sk^dnise. Wr.alda* tham alMna godand^vg is^m^kade ianfang, dana Urn tid, tid wrochte alle thinga ak jrtha. Jrtha b4rde &nd allet alle garsa, krudon hnd. boma, allet djara kwik

That

Alhwat god lind djar is, brocht hju by d^gum and arg is, brocht hju thes nachtis forth. kw^d and alhwat

&rge kwik.

After-et twilifte jol-f6rste barde hja thrja mang^rta.

Lyda warth ut glyande, Finda warth ut h^ta and Frya ut warme Tha, hja biat

stof.

k^mon

spisde

Wr.alda hjam mith sina

minneska an him skolde bvnden w^sa. adama Eing as hja rip w^ron krSjon hja friichda and nochta anda drama Wr.aldas, Odf trM to-ra binna and nw bardon ;

til

thju tha

:

ek twilif svna and twilif togathera ek joltid tw^n. send alle manneska k^men. swart, krolh^red alsa tha 16mera

Lyda was

:

Th^rof

lik stara

blonken hjra 6gon ; ja thes gyrfiigels blikkar wfiron vnmodich by hjras.

Skarpe Lyda.

Annen

sanfi,ka

kvn hju kruppa

h^ra,

and

hwersa th^r fiska invr wSter w6re n-vntgong that hira nostera navt.

En

Radbvwde Lyda.

store

bam kvn

hju bugja and

sahwersa hja run ne brak n^ne blomstai vnder hjara

Weldige Lyda.

grimme

fyt.

Hard was hjra steme and krSt hju ut

si run ek flux w6i.

* Wr.alda.

Altijd geachreven als zamengesteld woord beteekent : deover-

oude, het oudate wezen.

t Od, wortel van het Lat.

odi, ik haat.

—

THE BOOK OF ADELA'S FOLLOWERS. of

all

13

the people, Frya called from her watch-star, so that

every one could hear

the things, that I

it

may

:

" Festa, take your

style

and write

not speak."

Festa did as she was bid, and thus we became Frya's children, and our earliest •history began. This is our earliest history.

who alone is eternal and good, made the beginThen commenced time. Time wrought all things, even the earth. The earth bore grass, herbs, and trees, all useful and all noxious animals. All that is good and useful she brought forth by day, and all that is bad and injurious by night. "Wr-alda,

ning.

After

maidens

the

twelfth Juulfeest she brought forth three

:

Lyda out of

fierce heat.

Finda out of strong heat. Frya out of moderate heat. When the last came into existence, Wr-alda breathed his spirit upon her in order that men might be bound to him. As soon as they were full grown they took pleasure and delight in the visions of Wr-alda.

Hatred found its way among them. They each bore twelve sons and twelve daughters at Thence come all mankind. every Juul-time a couple. Lyda was black, with hair curled like a lamb's ; her eyes shone like stars, and shot out glances like those of a bird

—

of prey.

Lyda was

acute.

She could hear a snake

could smell a fish in the water. Lyda was strong and nimble. tree,

yet

when she walked she

glide,

and

She could bend a large did not bruise a flower-

stalk.

Lyda was violent. Her voice was loud, and when she screamed in anger every creature quailed.

* Wr-alda, always written as a compound word, meaning the Oldest Being.

t Od,

the root of the Latin odi, I hate.

tlie

Old Ancient, or

:

THET BOK TH^KA ADBLA FOLSTAK.

14

Fon 6wa

WonderfvUe Lyda.

dSda wrdon thrvch hjra tochta to helpane, dade hju tha st6ra

grSjde hju by-t

Arme

nilde hju navt n^ta: hjra

Vmbe

stjvrat.

tha t^dra

knd hwersa hju-t den hSde

lik.

Hju

Lyda.

wS,rth gris fon-t vnwisse bihjelda S.nd

vpp-it ende sturf hja fon hirts6r

vmbe tha

b3,rii-ra

Hja tichtegadon ekkorum, feu

Vnwisa barn.

dad, hja grSjadon lik wolva, fjvchtadon alsa

hja that d6don 6ton tha fiigelon thit

in§,m-ra

§,iid

Hw4

lik.

kw4d.

dahwile

m^i

sin

tara hwither to haldane.

Was

Finda.

lavwa macht to dSjande, ther

men

kvn sjonga

;

dMe

hja wel

tji,n.

Svet was hjra stemme S.nd nanneu

Vrl6dalike Finda. fiigel

mana ener hers men hwer Lyda annen

g61 S,nd hjr h6r sa tha

ene thrS ne kv hja navt ni bugja

Hjra 6gon lokton §.nd lordon,

lik hju.

thgrer ansach wS.rth

slaf.

Hju

Vnr^dalika Finda.

skref thusande 6wa, tha hju ne

Hja vrfyade tha goda vmbe

folgde n6n er fon vp.

hjara

frymod, tha an slikm§,mkes jSf hju hjr selva hast w6i.

Hjra haved was to

That was hir vnluk. hirte to ydel; hju ne

:

tha hjr

minde nimm§-n sa hja selva

§,nd hju

fvl

wilde th^t ek hja lyaf h§,we skolde.

Hiining swet wSron hjra wirda, tha hok

Falske Finda.

tham hja trjvwade w6re vnluk n^i Selvsjochta Finda.

svnum wSron thjanja

ra

Ovir ella wilde hju welda, ind hjra

susterum

Mton hja

ekkorum slogon hja vmb-et

mS-sterskip

lik

&.nd

by.

hju;

fon hjara

dad.

Dubbelhirta Finda. S,nd

Vmbe

skotse wirda w&rth hju yre,

tha S,rgste d6da ne rorde hja navt.

dask en spinne vrslynna, ys;

men

hjra

bosm fon

tha,n wS-rth

Sach hju en nyn-

hju omm-et hirte sa

sach hju hjra b&rn en fryas vrmorde nocht.

sS,

swol

THE BOOK OF ADELA'S FOLLOWERS. Wonderful Lyda

She had no regard

!

by her

actions were governed

for laws

;

her

To help the weak

ions.

she would kill the strong, and

15

when she had done

it

she

would weep by their bodies. Poor Lyda at

last

She turned grey by her mad behaviour, and

!

she died heart-broken by the wickedness of her Foolish children

children.

They howled and fought

their mother's death.

and while they did

Who can

refrain

They accused each other of

!

this

from

the birds devoured the corpse.

tears at such a recital ?

Finda was yellow, and her hair was horse.

She could not bend a

one lion she killed

Her

like the

mane

of a

tree,

but where Lyda killed

voice

was sweeter than any

ten.

Finda was seductive. bird's.

like wolves,

Her

eyes were alluring and enticing, but whoever

looked upon them became her slave.

Finda was unreasonable. but she never obeyed one.

She wrote thousands of laws, She despised the frankness

of the good, and gave herself up to flatterers.

That was her misfortune.

Her head was

too full, but

She loved nobody but herself, and

her heart was too vain.

she wished that aU should love her.

False Finda

who

trusted

Selfish

Honey-sweet were her words, but those

1

them found sorrow

Finda

She wished

!

sons were like her.

to rule everybody,

They made

and they slew each other Treacherous

at hand.

Finda

!

and her

their sisters serve

for the mastery.

One wrong word would

her, and the cruellest deeds did not affect her.

saw a lizard swallow a

saw her children pleasure.

kill

them,

spider, she

shuddered

a Frisian, her

;

but

irritate

If she if

she

bosom swelled with

THET BOK THflRA ADELA FOLSTAE.

16

sturf anda blomtid fon hjra I6va,

Hju

Vnluke Pinda.

§,nd-t is jeta tjvester

ho hju fallen

Vnder

Skinh^liga barn.

sy.

kestlike stSna l^idon hja hjra

mit kwahbjana skriftum smukton hja tham vppa,

lik del,

tograjande

vmbe h^rath

to wS-rthande

wfinadon hja n^nen enge

n^mmer

thach tha besta hw^r-far

:

i

kwMa

ne

let

was in golden

makad was, wer

Tha goda ^wa wrdon utfagad

to not.

sjocht wryte th^r

i

§,nd selfv

far in.

Tha w&rth

Finda.

stilnise

t^r.

Thi tex th^r Finda n6i

Vrijfalik folk.

bleder wryt

men an

jrtha fvl blod,

&nd tha haveda

ther mS.nneska mSjadon thin b^rn lik gS.rs

h&lma

Finda th&t send tha friichda thinera ydlenise.

Ja

of.

Sjan d&l

fon thinre wakstS-r §,nd w6n.

Was

Frya. hjrar

wit lik sn6i bij-t m6rnerad &nd that

ognum wn-et

Sk^ne Frya:

jeta thSre r6inb6ge

Lik strSlon

hjra h^ron, ther sa fin

Abela Frya. fiigelon

thfire

bMw

of.

middSi svnne blikadon

wSron as rach.

Vntlvkton hjra w^ra, thin sw^gon tka

and ne rordon tha bledar navt mar.

Weldige Frya.

Thrvch thene kraft hjrar blikkar

strfek

thene lawa to fara hjara fyt dai and held thene addur sin gif tobak.

E^ne Frya.

Hjra yta was hiining and hjra drank was

d4wa, gadvrad anda b6sma thSra blommur. Lichte Frya.

That forma hwat hju hjra barn lerde was

selv-twang, that othera was lyafte to diiged, and tha hja jfiroch

wrdon, tha

dom kanna

:

Ifirde

hwand

hju hjam thju w^rtha fon tha

sfiide hj,u

6thera diigedon allSna god

frij-

svnder frijdom send alle

vmbe

jo to

sMvona

to m6,k-

jande, jvwe ofkvmste to 6vge skantha.

Milde Frya.

vmb not.

ajnbat,

men

Nammer

lyt hju mfital ut jrtha dalva

sahwersa hja-t d^de w6r-et to jahwelikis

THE BOOK OF ADELa's FOLLOWERS.

She died in the bloom of her

Unfortunate Finda! age,

and the mode of her death

Hypocritical children

is

Her

!

pompous

a costly stone,

17

unknown.

corpse was buried under

inscriptions were written

and loud lamentations were heard at

it,

on

it,

but in private

not a tear was shed. Despicable people

The laws that Finda established

I

were written on golden tables, but the object for which they were

made was never

abolished,

and

O

place.

then the earth overflowed with blood,

I

mown down

and your children were Finda

!

bad ones in their

instituted

selfishness

Finda

The good laws were

attained.

like grass.

those were the fruits of your vanity.

Yes,

Look down

from your watch-star and weep.

Frya was white

snow

like the

at sunrise,

and the blue

of her eyes vied with the rainbow. Beautiful Frya

Like the rays of the sun shone

!

^ihe

locks of her hair, which were as fine as spiders' webs.

Clever Frya

When she

!

opened, her lips the birds ceased

to sing and the leaves to quiver.

Powerful Frya

down

the glance of her eye the lion lay

and the adder withheld

at her feet

Pure Frya

At

!

Her food was honey, and her beverage

!

was dew gathered from the cups of the Sensible

his poison.

Frya

The

!

first

flowers.

lesson that she taught her

and the second was the love of

children

was

virtue

and when they were grown she taught them the

;

self-control,

value of liberty virtues

;

serve to

for she said,

make you

" Without

slaves,

liberty all other

and to disgrace your

origin."

Generous Frya

from the earth

was

!

She never allowed metal

for her

own

for the general use.

benefit,

to be

but when she did

dug it it

THET BOK

18

THifeRA

ADELA FOLSTAE.

Alsa tha stira

Lukigoste Frya.

swirmadon hjara b&rn

om

om

jrtha

omswyrmia

hja.

Wise Frya, Tha hju hjra barn vpbroclit h^de alto FlyMnd to there sjugonde kny, th4 hrop hju-ra alle a sa,mne.

Thgr j6f

hjam

se

hjra tex, a,nd s6ide, let

tham

jvwe w^iwisar w^sa, tha ne skil that jo na navt kwalik ni ga.

Tha hju-t seid h^de, b^vade jrtha bodem svnk an grada vnder FlyMndis lik Wr.aldas s6, Thju loft w^rt swart §,nd nylof * fon t^ra hjara fyt dai. Utforkfirena Frya.

to stirtane lind tha hja n6i

Tha

Ian"- vppira wakst&r.

moder omsagon, was hju

al

to tha lesta sprak tongar ut-a

wolka and blixen schref an that loftrvm, wak. That Mnd fon hwer hju was vpfaren Farsjanda Frya.

was

nw

en stram and buta hira tex was ther in

bidvlwen hwat fon hjra

hondum k^men

ella

was.

Tha hja to-ra selva w^ron, tha makadon bvwadon thas burch thgrvppa, an da therp, hja thit hage wagrum thessa wryton hja thene tex, and vmbe that allera HSriga barn.

mannalik hja skolde miiga finda, havath hja th&t land ThSrvmbe skil-at bilywa al rondomme Texland h^ten.

wenne jrtha jrtha

sy.

Tex Fkyas. Held b6id tha Frya, to tha lesta skilun hja my hwiter Thach th^ra allSna m^i ik as fry kanna th^r nSn siaf sja. is

fon en other ni fon sine tochta.

Hyr

is

min

r6d.

Sahwersa thju nSd arg sy and gode r6d and gode d6d

nawet mar ne formiige, hrop than thi gast Wr.aldas an, men j ne mot-im navt anhropa bifara alle thinga prvvath send.

Tha

and

ik segs to jo mith r^dene

tha modeiasa skilun

* Nylof

;

ammar swika vnder

cle lileur

van nieuw

loof

?

tid skil-et wara,

hjar ajn 16d.

geel groen.

— THE BOOK OF ADELA'S FOLLOWERS.

19

Most happy Frya Like the starry host ia the firmament, her children clustered around her. Wise Frya! When she had seen her children reach !

summoned them all to Flyand there gave them her Tex, saying, " Let this be your guide, and it can never go ill with you." Exalted Frya When she had thus spoken the earth the seventh generation, she

land,

!

shook like the sea of Wr-alda.

sunk beneath her

The ground of Flyland

was dimmed by tears, and mother she was already risen

feet, the air

when they looked

for their

to her watching star

;

then at length thunder burst from

the clouds, and the lightning wrote upon the firmament

"Watch!" The land from which she had risen now a stream, and except her Tex all that was in it

Far-seeing Frya wias

!

was overwhelmed. Obedient children again, they

upon

made

this

When

!

high

they came to

mound and

built this citadel

and on the walls they wrote the Tex, and that

it,

every one should be able to find

about

themselves

Texland.

it

Therefore

it

they called the land

shall

it

remain as long as

the earth shall be the earth. FfiYA's Tex.

Prosperity awaits the again.

At

free.

Though him only can

last they shall

I recognise

neither a slave to another nor to himself.

counsel 1.

sical

see

as free

me

who

This

is

is

my

:

When

in

dire distress,

and when mental and phy-

energy avail nothing, then have recourse to the

of Wr-alda

;

tried all other

spirit

but do not appeal to him before you have

means, for I

tell

will prove its truth, that those

agement sink under

you beforehand, and time

who

give

way

their burdens.

* Nylof; the colour of

new

foliage, bright green.

to discour-

THET BOK th:6ra adela folstar.

20

to wya, j^ thrju

hwat jv 3.

man alMna knibuwgjande thank

Wr.aldas gast mei

2.

w^ra

nith, lind fara

J h^wed

jo nSston,

far

hwat jv fon him noten hive,

hape th^r hy jo

l^t

an

far

linga tida.

sjan ho ring ik helpe ISnde, dva al ^n mith

men ne

tof navt

lydande skolde jo floka,

m§.n jo b^den heth, tha

til

min f4mna skoldon jvwa nama

utfaga ut-at bok knd ik skolde jo lik vnbik§,nnade ofwisa

mota. 4.

Nim

nS,mmar knibuwgjande tank fon jv neston an,

Nid skolde

thjus 4gath Wr.aldas gast.

dom

solde

bikrjupa, wis-

j

Und min fS,mna skoldon jo bityga fon

bilaka

j

faderrav. 5.

Fjuwer thinga send to jvwe not j^ven, mith n4ma,

w6ter, land ind fjur.

diga

manna

6.

is

that

fry fon

tha friichda n^i

S,nd

warka ni fon w6ra

sy.

Sahwersa thSr S,mman among jo fvnden w&rth, thSr

sin Sjn

hi

sS.

nimman

wil th^r all6na bi-

ik jo, j skilun jo rjuchtfSr-

tham thju arbSd

kyasa,

rjuchta dSla,

Men Wr.alda

ThSrvmbe rSd

sittar of wSsa.

loft,

frydom

vrsellath, tham-n-is navt

en horning mith basterd blod.

him &nd

sin

birn, thes

m§,m

fon jvw folk:

Ik r^de jo that

to th&t land utdriva, segs that to

mornes, thes middSis S,nd

thes

j

jvwa

ewendes,

til

thju hja th^rof drame thes nachtis. 7.

AUera m&nnalik thar en 6ther fon

sine

frydom

bira-

wath, al w^re thfine 6re him skeldech, mot ik anda b&rn-

tam 6ner

sl§,finne

lik a.nd that sinera

Thach ik r^de jo vmbe

f^ra 16ta.

ma,m vpp Sne

aftern^i hjara aske fiftich fyt

ka,le

anda grvnd to

hju thSr nenen g^rshlilm vp waxa ni mSi, gS,rs 8.

sin

stgd to vrbarnande, da,lvane, til

hwand

aldulkera

skolde jvw diaroste kvik deja.

Ne

grip na thS,t folk fon

Wr.alda skolde helpa hjm, sa

Lyda ner fon Finda that-a,t

an.

weld that fon jo

utgong vppa jvwa Sjne haveda skolde witherkvma.

THE BOOK OF ADELA's FOLLOWERS. 2.

To Wr-alda's

gratitude

spirit

only shall you bend the knee in

—thricefold—for

what you do

21

what you have

received, for

and for the hope of aid in time of

receive,

need.

You have assistance. Do 3.

for his

how

seen

come

speedily I have

to your

likewise to your neighbour, but wait not

The suffering

entreaties.

would curse you,

my

maidens would erase your name from the book, and I

would regard you as a stranger. 4.

Let not your neighbour express his thanks to you on

bended knee, which

is

would

Wisdom would

assail you,

only due to Wr-alda's

spirit.

maidens would accuse you of irreverence. 5.

Four things are given

water, land, and

of them.

men' who that no

fire

Therefore

—

Wr-alda

^but

my

shall be

enjoyment

is

counsel to you

—

my air,

the sole possessor is,

choose upright

the labour and the fruits, so

will fairly divide

man

for your

Envy

you, and

ridicule

exempt from work

or

from the duty

of defence. 6.

If ever

should

should happen that one of your people

it

sell his

freedom, he

I counsel you to expel

not of you, he

is

him and

his

is

a bastard.

mother from the land.

Eepeat this to your children morning, noon, and night, tUl they think of 7.

If any

man

of his liberty, let

it

in their dreams.

shall deprive

him be

to

another, even his debtor,

you

as a vile slave

;

and I

advise you to burn his body and that of his mother in

an open place, and bury them so that no grass shall

your 8.

fifty feet

grow upon them.

below the ground, It

would poison

cattle.

Meddle not with the people of Lyda, nor of Finda,

because Wr-alda would help them, and any injury that you inflicted

on them would

recoil

upon your own heads.

;

THET BOK thI;ra adela folstar.

22

Sahwersa th&t machte bera that hja fon juwe r6d Men jefta awet owers wilde, alsa aghat j to helpane bjam. lik tham nither vppa fal than kvmath hja to rS,wande; 9.

blixenande

fjvr.

Sahwersa annen fon hjam 6ner jvwer toghaterum to wif gSrth §,nd hju that wil, th&n skolun j hja hjra dvmh6d 10.

bitjvtha; thach wil hju toch hjra fr&jar folgja, that hja

than mith fr^tho ga. 11.

Willath jvw svna fon hjara toghaterum, ea mot

alsa dva as

mith jvwa toghaterum.

nor tha dthera m6i witherkvma

pMga mith

uthfimeda s6da §,nd

Vppa minre fam F&sta hkv

thfirvmbe most

j

ovir jo waka.

ik

min hap

hja to Sremoder n^ma.

r6d, thS,n skil hju nSmels

skoldvn

hja

fara; S.nd drSi thessa by

mei ik navt longer

jo heldgad wrde, 12.

hwand

;

j

Thach hor tha 6na

fistegth,

Folgath

min f^m bilywa

min

j

S.nd alia frana

folgja; th&n skil thju foddik nS,mer utg^

famna th6r hja

thSr ik far jo vpstoken h^v.

ThS,t Ijucht thfera skil

evg jvwe bryn vpklarja, &nd

j

th&n

skilun thin 6vin fry bilyva

fon vnfrya weld as jvwa swite rinstrama fon th&t salte

wSter thSr indelase

se.

Thet het Fasta

AUe setma

thSr en 6w,

tha,t

miige mith tha krodar §,nd sin thSre moder, knd

is

jol,

stiD.

hvndred

jer,

omhMpa

thSra miigon vppa

rfid

by mSna willa vppa wegar th^ra burgum

writ hwertha; send hja uppa wSgar writ, th^n send hja

6wa, &nd

th&,t is

vsa plicht

Kvmth n6d ind

vmbe altham an

tvang vs setma to jSvane, stridande wither

vsa 6wa &nd plegum,

mot m&nneska dva alsa hja askja mot m5,n S,mmer to th§,t alda Fryas willa, S,nd thS,t mot wfisa tham sS,

thach send hja weken, tha,n witherkSra.

fon al hjra

ThS,t is bS.rn.

^ra to haldande.

THE BOOK OF ADELa's FOLLOWERS. 9.

If

it

23

should happea that they come to you for advice

or assistance, then it behoves

they should rob you, then

you to help them; but

fall

upon them with

fire

if

and

sword. If any of

10.

wife,

and she

them should seek a daughter of yours

to

but

if

willing, explain to her her folly

is

;

she will follow her lover, let her go in peace. If your son wishes for a daughter of theirs, do the

11.

same as

daughter

to your

among

other ever return

but

;

let

not either one or the

you, for they would introduce

foreign morals

and customs, and

by you,

no longer watch over you.

I could

Upon my

12.

servant Fasta

were accepted

if these

have

I

placed all

my

hopes.

Therefore you must choose her for Eeremoeder.

Follow

my

advice,

then she will hereafter remain

servant as well as all the sacred maidens her.

Then

never

shall the

be

lamp which

extinguished.

illuminate your intellect, as free is

Its

who

I have lighted for you

brightness,

and you

shall

shall

from the

always

always remain

from foreign domination as your fresh

distinct

my

succeed

river- water

salt sea.

This has Fasta spoken. All the regulations which have existed a century, that is,

a hundred years,

may by

the advice of the Eeremoeder,

with the consent of the community, be inscribed upon the walls of the citadel,

become laws, and

by

and when inscribed on the walls they

it is

force or necessity

upon us

our duty to respect them

at variance with our laws

submit; but should we be released, to our

own

again.

of all her children.

all.

If

any regulations should be imposed

That

is

and customs, we must we must always return

Frya's will, and must be that

THET BOK

24

TH:feKA

Fasta

SEIDE.

tMr m§,n anfangja wil, hdka, th§,t-§.t m6ga vppa tha d6i, th^r wy Frya heldgad h.kwa,, tham ski-

AUe w^sa,

ADELA FOLSTAR.

thinga,

lun dvg falykant utkvma hju riucht h^de, sa

is

:

n^idam

nw biwysd heth

tid

tMt en ewa wrdon, tMt

m§,ii

thS,t

svnder

n^d &nd tvang a Frya hjra dei nawet owers ni dva ne mSi, tha blyda f^rsta

fyrja.

That send tha fiwA th£r to thera Burgum Hera. Sahwersa thSr

1.

§,rne

6ne burch bvwet

sa

is,

mot

thju

foddik th^ra an tha forma foddik et Texland vpstSken

Thach th&t ne mSi nS.mmer owers as troch tha

wrda.

moder sk^n. 2.

Ek moder

skil hjra &jn

famna kjasa ;

alsa thera th^r

vppa thSra 6thera burgum as moder send. 3.

Thju moder to Texland mei hjra folgster kjasa, thach

sahwersa hju faith 6r hju-t den heth, sa mot thas kSren

hwertha vppa 6na m^na acht, by r^dum fon

alle stata et

sSmne. 4.

S.nd

Thju moder to TexlS,nd m^i 6n and tvintich fdmna sjvgun spille mangSrta hS,va,

sjvgun by there foddik nachtes.

By

til

muge wakja

tha famna th^r vppa ora

thju th^r S,mmer d^ilikes

S,nd

burgum

as

thes

moder

thjanja alsa f^lo. 5.

Sihwersa en f§,m annen gS,da

moder melda,

S,nd bistonda to tha

wil, sa

mot

hju-t th^re

m&nniska kSra,

^r hju

mith hjra tochtige S,dama th&t Ijucht bivvlath. 6.

^n

Thju moder ind alrek burchf^m

S,nd tvintich burch^ran,

skil

m^n

tofogjande

sjvgun alda wisa, sjvgun alda

kS,mpar, S-nd sjvgun alda sSk&mper.

THE BOOK OF ADELA'S FOLLOWEES.

Fasta said

man commences,

may

on the day appointed for Frya's worship shall

eter-

nally is

— it

Anything tHat any be,

25

fail, for

whatever

time has proved that she was right; and

become a law that no man

keep that day otherwise than as a joyful

necessity,

it

except from absolute

shall,

feast.

These aee the Laws established fok the Government OF THE Citadels. 1.

it

Whenever a

citadel is built, the

must be lighted

at the original

that can only be done 2.

may 3.

Every mother

lamp belonging

lamp

in Texland,

to

and

by the mother.

shall appoint her

own maidens.

She

even choose those who are mothers in other towns.

The mother of Texland may appoint her own suc-

cessor, but should she die without

election shall take place

at

having done

so,

the

a general assembly of the

whole nation. 4.

The mother of Texland may have twenty-one maidens

and seven

assistants, so that there

lamp day and

to attend the

same number of maidens who 6.

If a

maiden wishes

to the mother,

may

night.

always be seven

She

may have

the

are mothers in other towns.

to marry, she

must announce

and immediately resign her

office,

it

before

her ion shall have polluted the light. 6,

For the

service of the

mother and of each of the

Burgtmaidens there shall be appointed twenty-one towns-

men

—seven

civilians of

mature years, seven warriors of

mature years, and seven seamen of mature

years.

THET BOK ThI;EA ADBLA FOLSTAE,

26

Ther fon skilun

7.

alle jeron to

elik sjvguB, thach hja ne

honk k6ra thrim fon

miigon navt vpfolgath ne wertha

thrvcli hjara sibtal n^jar sa tha fjarda kny.

Aider m§i thrS hvndred jonga burchw^rar

8.

h§,va.

Far thissa thjanesta skilun hja 16ra Fryas tex §.nd mannon thSne wisdom, fon tha alda

9.

tha 6wa, fon tha wisa

h^rmannon thene kunst fon tha orloch &nd fond tha s6keningar thene kunsta ther bi thit butafara nSthlik send. 10.

k^ra.

Fon

thissa wSrar skilun j^rlikes

hvndred to bek

Thach send th^r svme vrlS,mth wrden, sa miigon

hja vpper burch bilywa hjara elle 16va long. 11.

By

th§,t

kjasa fon tha wfirar ne m^i

nimmen

fon

th6ra burch nSn stem navt ne h&va, ni tha gr^vetmanna jefta othera haveda, m§,n th&t bl§,ta folk allena. 12.

flinka

Thju moder et Texland skil m§,n j^va thrja sjvgun

bodon mith thrja twilif rappa horsa.

burgum ek burchf^m 13.

Ak folk

th§,t

thr6

skil Sjder burchf§,m

akSren.

Men

Yppa

ora

bodon mith sjvgun horsa. h&va

th^rto

fiftich

bvwara thrvch

m^i m§,n allena j6va

sokka, thSr navt abel §,nd stora for wSra ner to butafarar send. 14.

Ajder burch mot hiri selva bidruppa &nd genera fon

hjra &jn rondd^l §,nd fon th&t d61 that hju fon th§.t m§,rkjeld biirth. 15.

Is th^r

§,mman k^ren vmbe vppa burgum

to thjan-

jande &nd nil-er navt, th§,n ne m6i-er na n6n burchhSr wertha, §,nd dus n6n stem navt ni hS,va,

is

er al burchhSr

sa skil hi thju ^r vrljasa. 16.

Sahwersa S,mman r^d g6rt fon th^re moder, tha fon

6ne burchf^m, sa mot hi him selva melde by tha skrivwer, Thesse br§-ngth-im by tha burchmaster.

Forth mot-i

mot sSid,

nM

tha l^tsa,

tha,t is

sja jef er 6,k bisdken is fon

th^ne h^lener.

kvada tochtum.

Th6r

Is-er

god

27

Oat of the seven three

7.

shall retire every year,

by of

shall not be replaced

and

own family

their

nearer than the fourth degree.

Each may have

8.

three hundred

young townsmen

as

defenders.

For

9.

From

laws.

must study Frya's Tex and

this service they

the

must learn wisdom, from the

the sages they

warriors the art of war, and from the sea-kings the still

required for distant voyages. 10.

Every year one hundred of the defenders

return to their homes,

wounded 11.

At

may

and those that

remain in the

shall

shall

have

been

citadels.

defenders

the election of the

no burgher or

Grevetman, or other person of distinction, shall vote, but only the people. 12.

The mother

active messengers,

at Texland shall have three times seven

and three times twelve speedy

horses.

In the other citadels each maiden shall have three messengers and seven horses.

Every

13.

citadel shall

have

fifty agriculturists

by the people, but only those may be chosen who

chosen are not

strong enough to go to war or to go to sea.

Every

14.

citadel

and must maintain

must provide its

own

for its

own

sustenance,

defences, and look after its

share of the general contributions. 15. If a

serve,

And

is

chosen to

fill

any

office.

and refuses to

he can never become a burgher, nor have any vote.

if

16.

man

he

If

is

already a burgher, he shall cease to bp so.

any man wishes

to

consult

the

mother or a

Burgtmaid, he must apply to the secretary, who will take

him

He

to the Burgtmaster.

surgeon to see

if

he

is

in

will then be

good health.

examined by a

If he

is

ed,

THET BOK ThIIRA ADELA FOLSTAK.

28

M

him selva fon simim w^pna, w^rar br&ngath him by th^re moder. tha vndvath

17. Is thju

s6k vr 6ne state sa ne miigon

miner thin thrg bodon kvma:

n^n kva formvda navt

is-t

risa

thfir

navt

vr-t 6lla Fryasland,

Therumbe

thin moton th^r jeta sjvgun tjuga byw6sa. th§,t er

sjvgun

§-nd

ne m6i nor skalkhfid

d6n ne wrde.

By

18.

alle

s^kum mot tha moder walda

S.nd

njvda

th§,t

hjra birn, th&t is Fryas folk, sa m6t-rik bilywa as thkt

Th&t

wSsa m^i.

is

thi gr^testa hjrar plichta, §.nd vs alra

vmb-er ther an to helpande.

Hit mS,n

19.

by 6ne rjuchtlika s^ke anhropen

hja

vmb-er utspr^k twisk annen gr^vetman

&nd fiudath hju th6r

thjii

m^nte sprSka

tham

thS-t

tha m^nte,

lind

mot hju to bate fon thSr frStho kvma, &nd thrvch-

s6ke tvivelik, si

til

thju

man

betre sy that ^n

vnrjucht den wrde thin

Mo. 20.

Kvmth hwa vmb

rSd §,nd w6t thju moder rSd, sa

ich hju tham bystonda to jevane, wet hju bystonda nSn red, s4

m^i hju wachtja

l^ta sjvgun

degum,

W6t

hju thin

nach n6n r^d, sa miigon hja hinne bruda, ind hja miigon hjra selva navt biklagja,

kva

is

thin

r^d.

Heth en moder irge r6d j6ven ut kvada willa,

21.

man

hja d^ja jefta ut of

22.

alsa

thju n6n r6d b^tre

til

sa

l^ndum dryva stoknaken ind

mot blit.

Send hjra burchh^ra mfideplichtich, thin dvath min

mith tham.

23.

Is hjra skild tvivelik jefta blat formoda,

thSr-vr thingja ind sprSka, is-t n^dich, 6n

wyka

long.

Stemth tha halfdSl

hja vr vnskildich, twede

Stemth min thin tha navt ni dSja.

alsa, si

si

s£i

mot min

ind twintich

skildich, sk halde

wacht min jeta en

min

fvl jer.

m^i min hja skildich halda,

THE BOOK OF ADELA'S FOLLOWERS.

29

he shall lay aside his arms, and sevea warriors shall present

him

17.

to the mother.

If the

concerns only one district, he must

affair

bring forward not less than three witnesses affects

;

but

if it

must have twenty-one

the whole of Friesland, he

additional witnesses, in order to guard against any deceptions. 18.

Under

all

circumstances the mother must take care

that her children, that

and

Frya's people, shall remain as

is,

temperate as possible.

This

is

her most important duty,

the duty of all of us to help her in performing

it is

upon

19. If she is called

to decide

it.

any judicial question

between a G-revetman and the community, she must incline towards the side of the community in order to maintain peace,

and because

it is

man

better that one

should suffer

than many.

any one comes

20. If is

prepared to give

she does not

to the

ing seven days

;

and

must do

she

it,

know what if

mother

to advise,

she then

it

21. illwill,

all

immediately.

If

is

unable to advise, he for

it

is

better to

than bad advice.

If a mother shall

she

and she

he must remain wait-

must go away without complaining, have no advice at

for advice,

must be

have given bad advice out of

killed or driven out of the land,

deprived of everything. 22.

If

her Burgtheeren are accomplices, they are

to

be treated in a similar manner. 23.

If her guilt

is

doubtful or only suspected,

be considered and debated, weeks.

If half the votes

declared innocent.

are

it

must

necessary, for twenty-one

against her, she

must be

If two-thirds are against her, she

must wait a whole year. she must be considered death.

if

If the votes are then the same, guilty, but

may

not be put to

THET BOK TH^RA ADBLA FOLSTAE.

30

Sahwersa svme among th&t thrimna send tham hja alsa s6r vnskildich m6ne that hja hja folgja wille, s^ miigon hja tMt dva mith al hjara driwande a,nd tilbara hava ^nd 24.

nimman

acht hjam

mara d6l

alsa blyd

tMv

ovir

k&n dwala sa

M^NA 1.

AUe

2.

tlia,t

del.

wysa b&rn.

Th6rvmbe

elika rjuchte h8,va, alsa blyd vpp-it land as

that

i,

minra

llwA.

frya bixn send a elike

moton hja ^k vpp-&th

to achtiane, til thju th§,t

min

is

w6ter §,nd vp

ella th&t

Wr.alda

jefth.

freja S,nd ek

AUera mannalik m^i-t wif sinra kesa

toghater m6i efter hjra helddrvnk bjada th^r hju minth. 3.

Heth hwa en wif nimth, N-is ther n6n

wirv.

hi th6r bilywa, s^

bijonka

thS,t

fill

gongon vmb en wif

mot mS,n him th6r en bus en w&rf j6wa

Tha nimman ne m6i en

min en

mena

S-nd wil

not fon tha hemrik.

AUera mannalik mot m&n en

bus jeva.

hjam bus ind

sa mot-S,t bvwat wrde.

Is-er n6i en other thorp

4.

5.

;

sa jeft mS,n

rondd^l.

nitha, sa

AUSna

ief

Hfterd^l as w§,rf fardel

hwa en d^d d6n heth

Ak

mei him th^t jeven wrde.

jongste svn that erva.

by sina

by sin bus n&va,

After tham

mot

to

mfii sin

th^t thorp that

wither uima. 6.

Ek

thorp skil en hemrik h§,va n^i sina bihof &,nd

thene grSva skil njvda that alra ek sin del bidongth ind

god bald,

til

thju tha

S,fter

kvmmande n6n

skS,de

navt ne

lyda ne muge. 7.

Ek

thorp mei en mS,rk hava to k&p §,nd to vrkap iefta

to wandelja.

AUe-t 6ra l&nd

skil

bvw

S,nd

wald bilyva.

Th^ tha b^ma th^ra ne m^i nimman navt fS,lla, buta m^na rSda &nd buta w6ta thes waldgr^va, hwand tha walda send to

mSna

of

sa.

nitha.

Th^rvmbe ne m6i nimman th^r m&ster

THE BOOK OF ADELA'B FOLEOWERS. 24. If

to

any of the one-third Who have voted

may

go away with her, they

and dead stock, and the majority

may

31 for her

wish

depart with all their live

shall not be the less considered, since

be wrong as well as the minority.

Universal Law.

men are

All free-born

1.

equal, wherefore they

have equal rights on sea and land, and on

all

must

all

that Wr-alda

has given.

man may seek the wife of his choice, and woman may bestow her hand on him whom she

Every

2.

every loves. 3.

When

a

man

takes a wife, a house and yard must

be given to him.

If there

is

none, one must be built

for him, 4.

If he has taken a wife in another village,

to remain, they

must give him a house

the free use of the

his house. still less

may

No man

shall

piece of land behind

have land in front of his house,

an enclosure, unless he has performed some public In such a case

service.

son

and wishes

and likewise

common.

To every man must be given a

5.

there,

inherit

it,

it

may

be given, and the youngest

but after him

it

returns to the com-

munity. 6.

Every

village shall possess a

common

for the general

good, and the chief of the village shall take care that it

is

kept in good order, so that posterity shall find

it

uninjured. 7.

Every

village shall have a market-place.

rest of the land shall be for tillage

and

shall fell trees without the consent of the

without the knowledge of the forester general property, and no

man

;

forest.

All the

No

one

community, oi

for the forests are

can appropriate them.

THET BOK TH^RA ADELA FOLSTAR.

32

As m&rkjeld ne mSi tMt thorp navt mar

8.

tlia tillifte d^l

ni

sa

ner fon fon tha skat, hor fon tha inhfimar

Ak

tha t6rli6mande.

lath* ne wertha as

ne m6i tha m^rk skat navt Sr vrsel-

tha,t

6ra god.

AUe-t ma,rkjeld mot j^rlikes dSlath wrde, thfire jold^i, an hvndred d61un to d^lande.

9.

far

nimma

thija dggan

Thi grSvetman mit sinum grSvnm skil th6r of hiira twintich d61a; th6ne ma,rk rjuchter tian d^la, &.nd sinum 10.

helpar,

fjvwer

fif

d61a

dfila

;

thju folkesmoder gn

thit thorp tian d^la

;

;

tha

tham navt w&rka ni kunna ni miige,

;

thjn

gfi.

moder

a,rma, th§,t is thfira

fiftich d61a.

kvma, ne miigon navt ni wokvmath thSr svm, sa is-t th^ra famna plicht hjam

11. Th6ra,

keria,

dM

tham

to ma.rka

kanb^r to makjana in-vr

tha,t

^Ue l^nd,

til

thjn hja nim-

merthe kSren navt wrde to eng ampt, hwand soka h§,vath en gyra-lik

hirte,

vmbe

sk&t to garja skolde hja ella vrrSda,

that folk, thjv moder, hjara sibben §,nd tho tha lesta hjara selva. 12.

Is thgr

§,mman alsa kvg that-er sjvcht-siak

vrdSren wer vrsellath vr '

him wera

tar

S,nd tha

hfel

god, sa

mot

famna him noma

In 6ra tyda h6madon

Findas folk

invr-et 611e land.

m6st algadur invr hjara

moders b&rta-l^nd, mit noma ald-Mnd that s6 l^ith; hja

wSron thus

f6r-of,

fja jeftha

thene mS-rk-rjuch-

nw

vnder-ne

th^rvmbe nSdon wi &k

orloch, tha hja vrdrfiven send §,nd h^inda

nfen

kemon to r^wane,

kem-er fon selva ia,ndw6r hSrmanna kSninggar S.nd

tha,

orloch, vr altham

k^mon setma &nd uta setma k^mon

HYK FOLGATH tha 1.

Ek

6wa.

flWA THEE ThIIRUT TAVLIKT SEND.

Fryas mot-a l^tha jeftha fyanda w6ra mith aldul-

kera wS.pne as-er forsinna, bikvma lind ha,ndt6ra m^i.

*

Do m&rkskat

vverd in goederen betaald.

—

THE BOOK or adela's followees. The market charges

8.

33

shall not exceed one-twelfth of

the value of the goods either to natives or strangers.

The

portion taken for the charges shall not he sold before the other goods.

All the market receipts must be divided yearly into a

9.

hundred parts three days before the Juul-day. 10. The Grevetman and his council shall take twenty parts ; the keeper of the market ten, and his assistants five; the Volksmoeder one, the midwife four, the village ten,

and the poor and infirm

shall

have

fifty parts.

There shall be no usurers in the market.

11.

If any should come,

make

it will

be the duty of the maidens to

known through the whole land, in order that such may not be chosen for any office, because they are

it

people

hard-hearted.

For the sake of money they would betray everybody the people, the mother, their nearest relations, and even their

own

12. If

selves.

any man should attempt

to sell diseased cattle or

damaged goods for sound, the market-keeper shall expel him, and the maidens shall proclaim him through the country. In early times almost their native land,

submerged.

When

all

the Finns lived together ia

which was called Aldland, and

They were thus

far

is

away, and we had no wars.

they were driven hitherwards, and appeared as rob-

bers, then arose the necessity of defending ourselves,

we had For

now

and

armies, kings, and wars. all this there

were established regulations, and out

of the regulations came fixed laws.

Hekb follow the Laws which weee thus 1.

Every Frisian must

weapons

as

resist

the assailants with such

he can procure, invent, and use. *

established.

The market dues were paid

in kind.

THET BOK TH^RA ADELA FOLSTAE.

34 Is

2.

en

fon

miste

boi

twilif jer,

Mr-tid

sin

mot-i

sa

vmbe red

tlia

sjvgunde d6i

mith-a

to werthande

w§.pne. Is hi

3.

to

bikvmen, sa jeve

mka him w&pne

warth

§-nd hi

w^rar sl^gen. Is hi thre j6r wSrar, sa w&rth-i burch-hSr

4.

&nd m6i

hi

h^lpa sin hawed-manna to kjasane. Is

5.

hwa sjvgun

j^r kjasar, sa

mSi hi h6Ipa en herman

jeftha kSning to kjasane, th6r to ak k^ren wrde. 6. AUe j6r mot-er ovir k^ren wertha.

Buta tha kSning miigon alle ambtmanna wither k6ren wertha, tham rjucht dva S-nd n^i fryas vM. 7.

8.

Annen k^ning ne mSi navt

kening bilywa,

til

ni Idnger as thr^ jer

thju hi navt biklywa ne m^i.

Heth-i sjvgun jSrrest, sa mei hi wither k^ren wertha.

9.

kening thruch thene fyand

10. Is thi

fallen, sa

miigon

sina sibba ak n^i th6re 6re thinga. 11. Is-er

vppa sin

sturven, sa ne

tid

ofgvngen jeftha binna sin

m6i n6n sibba him vpfolja, th^r-im

tid

sy

nfiiar

sa tha fjarde kny. 12.

Thera tham strida mitha w&.pne an hjara handa ne

kunnath navt forsinna indwis bilywa, th^rvmbe ne fochteth nfine kening wS.pne to hantSra an tha strid.

mot

sin wS.pen

wSsa

S.nd thju Ijafte sinra

Sin wisdom

k§,mpona mot

sin

skyld wesa.

HyR

send THA RjUCHTA TH^RB

MoDER AND

TH:^RA

KfiNINGQAE.

1.

Sahwersa or loch kumth, send tha moder hira bodon

n6i tha kening, thi kening send bodon n6i tha gr^vet-

manna vmbe 2.

land-w6r.

Tha grSvetmanna hropath

S,nd birSdath

ho

fSlo

manna

alle burch-hfira et

hja skilun stjura.

sSmue

THE BOOK OF ADELa's FOLLOWEES.

When

2.

a boy

twelve years old he must devote one

is

day in seven to learning how

As soon

3.

35

to use his

weapons.

as he is perfect in the use of

and he

are to be given to him,

is

to

them they

be itted as a

warrior.

After serving as a warrior three years, he

4.

a citizen, and

may have

may become

a vote in the election of the

hean.

When

5.

he has been seven years a voter he then

have a vote for the chief or king, and

may

may

be himself

elected. 6. 7.

who

Every year he must be

re-elected.

Except the king,

other

all

are re-eligible

officials

act according to Frya's laws.

No

may

be in

order that the office

may

8.

king

office

more than three

not be permanent.

After an interval of seven years he

9.

years, in

may

be elected

again. 10. If the

tive

may be

11. If

king

is

killed

by the enemy, his nearest

rela-

a candidate to succeed him.

he dies a natural death, or

if his period of service

has expired, he shall not be succeeded by any blood relation nearer than the fourth degree.

Those who fight with arms are not men of counsel, His wisdom must be therefore no king must bear arms. 12.

his

weapon, and the love of his warriors his

shield.

These ake the Rights of the Mothees and the Kings. 1.

If

war breaks

the king,

who

out, the

mother sends her messengers

sends messengers to the Grevetmen to

to

call

the citizens to arms. 2.

The Grevetmen

decide

how many men

call

all

the citizens together and

shall be sent.

THET BOK

36 3.

TH:1EKA

ADELA rOLSTAE.

Alle bisluta thSra moton ring n^i thSre moder senden

wertha mith bodon §,nd tjugum. 4.

Thju moder 16th

dnetal, th&t

thfirmitha

kening 5.

is

alle bisluta

gaderja and j6fth et gul-

th&t middeltal fon alle bisluta etsgmne,

mot m§,n

far

ha

that forma fr^to

a,nd thene

alsa.

Is thju

w6ra a kimp,

sinum havedmanna

thi,n hoft thi

kening allSna mith

to r^da, thach th^r

moton immerthe

moder forana sitta svnder stem. Thissa burch-hera moton d^jalikis bodon nei th6re moder senda, til thju hju w^ta miige jef thSr awet dSn -vi^vih,

thr^ burch-hera fon thSre

6wa jeftha with Fryas redjevinga. kening dva ind sina reda navt, sk m6i

stridande with-a 6.

Wil

thi

hi

th&t navt vnderstonda. 7.

Kvmlh-ene fyand vnwarlinga, thin mot mi,n dva

sa

thene kening bith. 8.

Nis thene kening navt vppet pat, s4 mot

gar h^rich wesa of tham-is folgar alont tha 9.

10.

im

Nis th^r n^n havedman, si kjase Nis th^r n^n

tid, si w§,rpa hi

m&n

him

to

min

sin fol-

lesta.

hwa.

havedman

thSr-

-weldich f^leth.

11. Heth thene kening en fresalik folk ofslagen, si miigon sina after kvmande sin n4ma&,fter bjara 4jnefora; wil

thene kgning,

sS,

m6i-er vppen vnbibvwade st^d en

kjasa to hus §,nd erv.

ThS,t erv

pMk

ut-

mei en rond-del wgsa

sa

grat that hi fon alle sidum sjvgun hvndred tr^dun ut of sine hus 12. is

mei hlapa,

6r hi

an sina rena kvmth.

Sin jongste svn m6i

thS,t

god

erva, &fte

jongste, than skil m§,n that wither

HtR

1.

tham tham-

nimma.

send tha RjuCHTA ALLEE FeYAS VMBE SiKUR TO WiSANDE,

Sahwersa th^r 6wa vrwrocht wrde jefta n^ja setma

THE BOOK OF ADELA'S FOLLOWERS. 3.

37

All the resolutions must immediately be sent to the

mother by messengers and witnesses. The mother considers

4.

upon them, and with must be satisfied. 5.

When

officers,

all

the resolutions and decides

this the

king as well as the people

in the field, the king consults only his superior

but three citizens of the mother must be present, These citizens must send daily reports

without any voice.

mother, that they

to the

may

be sure nothing

is

done

contrary to the counsels of Frya. 6.

If the king wishes to do anything which his council

opposes, he 7.

If an

orders 8.

may

it.

king's

must be obeyed.

If the king

command, and 9.

not persist in

enemy appears unexpectedly, then the is

not present, the next to him takes

on in succession according

so

If there is no leader present, one

no time to choose, any one may come

10. If there is

forward

who

11. If a

to rank.

must be chosen.

feels

himself capable of leading.

king has conquered a dangerous enemy, his

successors

may

king may,

if

take

his

name

after their

own.

The

he wishes, choose an open piece of ground

house and ground; the ground shall be enclosed, and may be so large that there shall be seven hundred steps to the boundary in all directions from the for a

house. 12.

His youngest son

youngest son after him

;

may then

inherit this, it

and that son's

shall return to the

com-

munity.

Heke are the Rules established for the Security OF all Frisians. 1.

Whenever new laws

are

made

or

new

regulations

38

THET BOK th:^ra adbla folstar.

tavlikt, alsa

mot-et to

b^ta fon enkeldera ner

hok that

skSn,

men nammer

to

her fon enkeldera slachta,

nach fon

st&ta,

kvmt &nd

Saliwersa orlocli

2.

jeftha skepa,

nitlia

inS.niiiska,

enkeldera

fon

m6na

awet

that

enkel

th^r wrde husa homljat

et sy, sy-et thrvch thene fyand, tha

by mfina r^dum, ek ach tha m^na m^nta, th&t is al-et folk to s^mne that wither to h^lene; th6r vmbe that nS,mman tha m^na s6ka skil helpa vrljasa vmbe sin §,jn god to bihaldane.

svm, alsa vrderen

Is orloch vrth^jan, §,nd send th^r

3.

mot tha m6na mSntehjam vnderhalda, by tha ferstnm achon hja foranato that hja navt longer w&rka ne miigon, s^

sittana, 4.

til

thju tha jiiged skil 6ra hjam.

Send th^r w^dvon

ak vnderhalda

§,nd

w^son kfimon, s^ mot

min

hja

svna miigon thi n^ma hjarar t&ta

S,nd tha

vpp-ira skildum writa hjara slachtha to 6rane. 5.

Send thgr svm thrvch thene fyand fat

mot mS-n hjam

to b&k, B&

hja machton fry

Ifiten

miigon hja hjara

f6r fon thit

§,nd

kUmp

w6sa by arge loftum navt

lofta

S,nd

halda a,nd

ni

kvmath hja hwand

of fora,

than ne

toch

^rlik

bilywa. 6.

Jef wi selwa fyanda fata, s4 br§,nge

anda landa w^i, m§,n Mrth hja vsa frya 7.

Let ma.n hja i,ftern^i hl^pa, s^

h6d thrvch tha fi^mna dva,

winna

fori 16tha

til

Sahwersa th6r ^nrnan birawath,

manggrtha

Bka,nth,

vsa Bwetnata

djap

m§,n

th§,t

mith wel-

thju wi &tha §,nd frjunda

&nd fyandun.

Ut Minnos

swetsar

16t

mon tham

sSde.

is

Skriftun.

thefmgta kvg

rnorth-dedun

hok

willon

rjucht that m§,n thene

th&t-et

that

dvat sy,

wroken

that

husa

th&t h§,va,

a,rg

sk

hi vsa

barnth, sy,

&nd

is

th&t

d^der fatath §,nd an hjara ajn-

THE BOOK OF ADELA'S FOLLOWERS. establislied,

39

common

good, and not

either ships

or houses are

they must be for the

for individual advantage. 2.

Whenever

in time of

by the enemy

destroyed, either tion,

make

a general

war

good again, so that no one may neglect the

it

general welfare to preserve his 3.

or as a matter of precau-

levy shall be assessed on the people to

At

own

interest.

the conclusion of a war, if any

wounded

severely

men

are

so

as to be unable to work, they shall be

maintained at the public expense, and shall have the best seats at festivals, in order that the

young may learn

to

honour them.

widows and orphans, they shall likewise and the sons may ; inscribe the names of their fathers on their shields for the 4.

If there are

be maintained at the public expense

honour of their 5.

If any

families.

who have been taken

prisoners should return,

they must be kept separate from the camp, because they

may have

obtained their liberty by making treacherous

promises, and thus .they

may

avoid keeping

their

pro-

mises without forfeiting their honour. 6.

If

any enemies be taken prisoners, they must be sent

to the interior of the country, that they

may

learn our free

customs.

must be done with kindness by the maidens, in order that we may make them comrades and friends, instead of haters and 7.

If they are

afterwards set free,

it

enemies.

From Minno's Writings. any one should be so wicked as to commit robbery, murder, arson, rape, or any other crime, upon a neighbouring state, and our people wish to inflict punishIf

ment, the culprit shall be put to death in the presence

THET BOK THflRA ADELA FOLSTAR.

40

warda d^jath,

til

thju th^r vr nen orloch ne kvme, werthrvch

Willath hja

tha vnskeldiga skolde bota fori tha sbeldiga.

^nd thju wreka ofkapja leta, sk mei is then bona en kSning, grevetman, tham ovira seda mot wS.ka, s& moton

him

sin lif bihaldaleta

man

that d4ja.

greva hwa

Thach

th§.t-et sy,

wi th&t kwad beterja

men

ta

bona mot

sin straf ha.

Forth hi en eren§,ma vppa sine skeld fon sina ethelun, sk ne miigon sina sibba thi n§,ma navt 16nger ne fora. Ther-

vmbe that hi ene sibba svrg skil h&va ovira seda thSra 6thera.

StJUEAR IS THI E^ENOMA TH^RA BUTAFARAR.

llwA FAEA StJURAE.

Alle fryas svna h§,va lika rjuchta, thSrvmb miigon 411e flinka

kn^pa hjara

S,nd thisse

self as butaf^rar

melda by tha 61derm6n

ne mSi him nit ofwisa, wara that er nen sted

is.

Tha stjurar miigon hjara ijn m^strun noma. 3. Tha k§,pljvd moton keren and binomath wertha thrvch tha mente ther-et god h^reth and tha stjurar ne miigon th^r by nen stem hava. 2.

4.

Jef

man vppe

vnbikvmmen bak, 5.

s§,

is,

reis bifinth that

s4 miigon hja en 6ra

m6i thene kening him

Kvmth

ther

Mte

to

thene kening 4rg jefta

nimma

self biklagja

honk and

;

kvmon

hja to

by tha 61derm6n.

sin ther bata, s^

moton

tha stjurar ther of en thrimene hava,' al thus to delande, thi

witkening twilf mon-is dela, thi skolt by nacht sjugun dela, tha bdtmonna ek twa dela, thi skiprun ek thrg dela, that

ek en del. Tha jongste prentar ek en thrimnath, tha midlosta ek en half-d^l and tha 61desta ek en twednath. 6ra

6.

skip-is folk

Sin ther svme vrlameth, s& mot-a

far hjara

lif,

by huslika

ak moton hja fdrana

f§rsta, j4

* Stjurar,

by

sitta

mena mente njvda by tha mena fgrsta,

alle fersta.

van hier de naam Stnrii by Plinius.

THE BOOK OF ADELA'S FOLLOWERS. of the offended, in order that no war

innocent suffer for the guilty. his life

may

41

arise,

and the

If the offended will spare

and forego their revenge,

it

may

be permitted.

If

the culprit should be a king, Grevetman, or other person in authority,

we must make good

his fault, but he

must

be punished. If he bears on his shield the honourable forefathers, his

kinsmen

man may

that every

shall

name

no longer wear

it,

of his

in order

look after the conduct of his rela-

tives.

Laws fok the Navigators. Navigator

is the title

of those mho make foreign voyages.

All Frya's sons have equal rights, and every stalwart

1.

may offer himself as a navigator to the Olderman, who may not refuse him as long as there is any vacancy. 2. The navigators may choose their own masters. youth

The traders must be chosen and named by the community to which they belong, and the navigators have no voice in their election. 4. If during a voyage it is found that the king is bad or incompetent, another may be put in his place, and on 3.

the return

home he may make

his complaint to the Older-

man. 5.

If the fleet returns with profits,

divide

manner

one-third :

among themselves

the sailors

in

the

may

following

The king twelve portions, the iral seven, the

boatswains each two portions, the captains three, and the the youngest boys each rest of the crew each one part ;

one-third of a portion, the second boys half a portion and the eldest boys two-thirds of a portion each.

each,

any have been disabled, they must be maintained at the public expense, and honoured in the same way as 6.

If

the soldiers. StjuroA-,

from

this is derived the

word Sturii in Pliny.

F

THBT BOK THi^BA ADELA FOLSTAE.

42 Sin

7.

vppa tocht vmkume, s^ motou hjara nfistun

thfir

hjara d^l erva.

Sin th^r w^dven a.nd w^son fon kvmen, s&

8.

hja vnderhaldaj sin hja

mSnte

tha svna thi

mot

thju

miigon

felth, sa

hjarar t^ta vppira skeldun fora.

moton sina erva en

Sin th6r prentara* forfaren, sa

9.

61

n6ma

an 6nre kase

mannis dSl hiva.

Was

10.

mli

s^

hi forsSith,

brud sjugun mannis

sin

d^lun aska vmbe hira fryadulf en stSn to to wjande, mar th§,n

mot

hja for tha 6re w^dve bilyva

Sahwersa en

11.

Mva

m^^nte en fl&te to rSth,

ISng.

moton tha

njvda f^ra heste liftochtun S,nd fer wif i,nd Jef en

12.

erv, st

stjurar of a,nd

mot im

irm

is,

et betera n^i sina st&t,

hem

b&,rn.

heth hus nach

S.nd hi

Nil hy nen hus nach erv,

that jon wertha.

sa miigon sin frinndnn

rfidar

n^ma

tus

§,nd thju

m^nte mot

wara that sin friunda thene b&ta

weigerja.

SMa

NeTLIKA

Minno

An

UT-A

Skeiftum Minnos.

N]|lL:feTNE

was en aide s^k^ning, sjaner

f

tha Kretar heth-i 6wa jeven.

Lindawrda, 4nd nSi noten

umbe

to

al

Hi

land wisgyrich. is

b§,rn

an tha

sin witherf&ra heth hi th§,t luk

LindahSm

to sterva.

Sahwersa vsa swethnata en d^l 14nd h^ve jeftha

wStir,

vmbe that a k§,p to fr§ja, than mot mS,n hja that bihalda

that vs god tolikt, sa focht-et vs nillath hja th&t navt ne dva, l^ta.

to

That

is

n6i Frya-his tex S,nd-et skolde vnrjucht w6sa

vnthandana Sahwersa

that.

th^r

swethnata

vr enga s§ka, tha vr ]4nd, to

spr^ka, sa

ach

man

et

semna kyva

and hja vs

fr^ja

en

ordfil

th&t r^der &fterw6ja to lltane,

* Prentar, nog op Texel eeu (stu'U'rman») leerling.

t Minno, Miiios (de

§,nd sana

oiade).

THE BOOK OF ADELa's FOliLOWERS.

43

If any have died on the voyage, their nearest rela-

7.

tives inherit their portion.

Their widows and orphans

8.

public expense

sons

may

9.

;

and

if

must be maintained

at the

they were killed in a sea-fight, their

bear the names of their fathers on their shields.

topsailman

If a

is

lost,

his

a

heirs shall receive

whole portion. 10.

monument

but then she must remain a widow 11.

may

If he was betrothed, his bride

portions in order to erect a

If the

community

her

all

out a

is fitting

must provide the best provisions the women and children.

claim seven

to her bridegroom, life.

the purveyors

fleet,

for the voyage,

and

for

worn out and poor, and has no house or patrimony, one must be given him. If he does not wish 12. If a sailor is

for a house, his friends

may take him home

;

and the com-

munity must bear the expense, unless his friends decline to receive

it.

Useful Exteacts beom the Writings left by Minno.

Minno was an

He was

ancient sea-king.

a seer and a

philosopher, and he gave laws to the Cretans.

born at Lindaoord, and after

all his

He was

wanderings he bad

the happiness to die at Lindahem. If our neighbours have a piece of land or water which

would be advantageous

we should must

let

offer to

buy

them keep

it.

it

for us to possess, it is proper that

If they refuse to sell

it.

This

be unjust to act contrary to

is

Frya*s Tex, and

it,

we

would

it

it.

If any of our neighbours quarrel and fight about

any

matter

arbitrate, our

except best

land,

course

and will

they

request

us

be to

decline;

but

* Prentar, still used in Texel to designate a + Minno, Minos (the Ancient).

pilot's apprentice.

to if

THET BOK th:era adela folstae.

44

man

tach sa

thSr navt buta ne kan, sa

mot man tMt

erlik

S,nd rjuchtf^rdicli dva.

Kvmth tMv hwa helpa

man

sa ach

vr

miige

til

nw most-v mi

orloch,

a,nd s^ith,

min svn

nw wild-ik

min land

ovir

that weigarja,

kvme ne

hkr

§,nd ik bin aid,

&nd

stew ovir hini

ne

kvmth

jeftha en 6ra

;

vnbikvmmen,

a,nd

a,nd s^itli, ik

at&Ua,

til

vnj^rich

is

thi to

w&ran-

hi j6rich sy,

nawt an

thju wi

s6ka stridande

with

twist

vsa frya

e^dum.

Sahwersa thSr kvmth en vrlandisk kapman vppa toMt-

m^rk

et

Wyringga tha

to

Almanland

i,nd hi bidroght, sa

warth-er bistonda m§,rk-beten &nd kanbSr

Kvmth-er

f§,mna invr et Sle land.

nimman k4pja

m^kad

trvch tha

b&k, sa ne skil

th&,n to

kvmen is. Thus, sahwersa-r k&pljud k^ren wrde vmbe wr-a merka to fon him, hy mei hinne bruda sa-r

jeftha mith-e

gfi.,

Mt to f4rane,

hrop st^ne by tha f^mna.

man m6ng

krg ora

th§,t to

sa ach

tham m§,n tyge by tyge

to kjasane

sy,

Berth-et navt to

tham tha

mot mSn

§,nd

thene misd^dar ut of I4ndum banna,

vral

mith ^rane

skil

til

aldulkera

an en goda

min

that-er en

Ijud bitrogha wil, sa

Het-i-t-al d^n sa

werane.

man alMna

ki,nth §,nd

agon tha

th§,t beterja,

thju vsa nfi.ma

wertha binomath.

Men jef wir vs vppen

vrlandiska m&rkt finda, sy-et hSinde

jeftha fSr, §,nd b6rth-et th&t-et folk vs 16t dvath jeftha bist^lleth,

afsk^n

wy

agon wy mith haste

st,

ella

Mi

to to sl^na,

agon to dvande vmbe fr^tho

brothar ne miigon vs

hwand

willa, vsa half-

nimmer minachtja nach

wfi,na that

wi ange send. In min jiiged h&v ik wel 6nis mort overa ba,nda thera 6wa, after h§,v ik Frya often tanked vr hjra tex, §,nd vsa ethla vr tha

"Wr.alda

6wa th^r jeftha

thfirnSi tavlikt send.

Alfoder

heth

invr f61o landa a,nd sea h§,v al

hwa

ik

sjan

hk,

bin ik

ik

mi

Mo

omme

vrtjiigad

j^ren

ftrexx

that

jSven,

§,nd

wi

nSi

allSna

THE BOOK OF ADELA's FOLLOWBES. they insist upon

it,

it

45

must be done honourably and

justly.

If any one comes and says, I

me;

or another

and incompetent, and I am'

of age,

it is

at war,

My

old, so I

and to take charge of

guardian, is

am

comes and says,

son

you must help is

an infant

wish you to be his

my

property until he

proper to refuse in order that

we may

not come into disputes about matters foreign to our free customs.

Whenever a foreign trader comes to the open markets at Wyringen and Almanland, if he cheats, he must immediately be fined, and it must be published by the maidens throughout the whole country. If he should

He must

come back, no one must deal with him.

return as he came.

Whenever

traders are chosen to go to trading stations,

or to sail with the fleets, they

must be well known and

of good reputation with the maidens. If,

however, a bad

man

should by chance be chosen and

should try to cheat, the others are bound to remoye him. If he should have committed a cheat,

it

must be made

must be banished from the land name may be everywhere held in

good, and the culprit order that

in

our

honour.

we should be ill-treated in a foreign market, whether for distant or near, we must immediately attack them though we desire to be at peace, we must not let our neighbours underrate us or think that we are afraid. If

;

In

my

youth I often grumbled at the strictness of the

laws, but afterwards I learned to thank Frya for her Tex

and our upon and

it.

I

forefathers for the laws

which they established

Wr-alda or Alvader has given

have travelled over

after all that I

have

seen, I

me many

years,

many lands and seas, and am convinced that we alone

THET BOK th:6ka adela folstae.

46

trvch Alfoder utforkSren send,

6wa

to

hivande.

Lydas folk

ne mfii nto 6wa to mSikjande ni to hS,ldande, hja send to

dvm a,nd -wild th^rto. men hja send gyrich, Poga

sjochticb.

F6I0 slachta Findas send sn6d enoch, hS,chf&rande, falsk,

vnkus Und mort-

ind hja ne

mii-

Forska hropath w&rk, w§,rk,

a,nd

blfisath hjara selva vppa,

gath nawet than krupa.

hja ne dvath nawet as hippa §,nd kluchtm§,kja.

Tha roka

hropath spar, sp^r, men hja stolon ind vrslynath al wat vnder hjara snavela kvmath,

hja bogath et

kwM

immer

ovir

to werane,

Lik

al

tham

goda gwa

men

th&t Findas folk,

ek wil setma m^kja vmb-

;

selva nil

hwam-his g^st that

is

nimman

theran bonden

w6sa.

Thfira

sterik,

tham-his hone krSjath kSning §,nd tha 6ro moton

wenna an

sin

weld vnderwurpen w6sa,

th6r-im fon-a setel drywet.

an m^na s^ka to nomande. sega Igrth,

lestigoste sy

Ewa

til

ind th^rtrvch al-

en other kvmth

Thkt word 6wa

is

to fr^n

vmbe

Thervmbe heth mi,n vs 6vin

th&t sSit setma

thfir bi aller

m&nniska 61ik

an hjara mod prenth send,

til thju hja miige w^ta hwat rjucht and hwgrtrhvch hja weldich send vmbe hjara 4jne d^da §,nd tham fon 6rum to birjuchtande, that wil sedsa

a.nd vnrjucht sy

alsanaka hja god and navt misd^dich vpbrocht send.

an

er jet-en ora sin

and

fast,

tiwa, seit ak, aiik wSter-lik

sljucht as w6ter that thrvch

owers vrstoren vnrjucht,

et

rjucht

sa warth-et vn6wa, nygt 6vg vmbe wither 6wa to werthande.

that leith an sin fonselvhSd, alsa tha

frydom in Fryas bern

leith.

nygung

to rjucht

and

Thessa nygung havath wi

trvch Wr.aldas g^st, vsa foders,

thSrvm be

;

nen stornewind jeftha awet

Warth w6ter vrstoren,

is.

mem

Ak is-

tUr

in Fryas bern bogth,

skil hju vs

tk gvg biklywa. j^wa is &k thet 6ra sinnebyld fon Wr.aldas g^st, thSr gvg rjucht and vnforstoren bilywath, afskSn-et an lichSme arg to g^it. Eiwa and vnforstoren send tha

marka thera wisdom and rjuchtf^rdichhed

THE BOOK OF ADELA are chosen

neither

by Alvader

S

FOLLOWEKS.

to have laws.

Lyda's people can

make laws nor obey them, they

Many

uncivilised.

are

are too stupid

They

Finda.

like

47

are

enough, but they are too rapacious, haughty,

and

clever

false,

im-

moral, and bloodthirsty.

The toad blows himself out, but he can only crawl. The frog cries " Work, work ; " but he can do nothing but hop and make himself ridiculous. The raven cries " Spare, spare

;

" but he steals and wastes everything that he gets

into his beak.

They say a great

Finda's people are just like these. deal about

make

making good laws, and

one wishes to

regulations against misconduct, but does not wish

them

submit to

to

ievery

submit to him,

Whoever

himself.

is

the

most

make them another comes who drives him off his

crafty crows over the till

and

others,

to

tries

perch.

The word " Eva "

is

too sacred for

common use,

men have learned to say " Evin." " Eva " means that sentiment which breast of every right and his

what

man is

own deeds and

wrong, and by which he

meaning; that

is,

becomes troubled, uneven, but its

Frya's

That

We

derive this

of our father Wr-alda,

another symbol of Wr-alda,

is

disturbed

is

its

it

nature, just

and freedom

exists in

disposition from the

which speaks strongly in

Frya's children, and will eternally remain is

he has been also another

always has a tendency to

tranquil condition.

children.

able to judge

is, if

If the water it

as the inclination towards justice

spirit

is

is

tranquil, smooth, like water that is not

by a breath of wind.

return to

that

;

" Eva " has

well and properly brought up.

stirred

implanted in the

is

he may know what

in order that

those of others

therefore

so.

Eternity

who remains always

just

and unchangeable. Eternal and unalterable are the signs wisdom and rec-

'

THET BOK THtRA ADELA FOLSTAK.

48

ther fon alia frfimo

biseten wrden mot.

m&nniska socht &nd trvch

alia rjuclitera

Willath tha mlinniska thus setmaand

moton domar m^kja, ther alan god bilywa ^nd allerweikes, sa achatk hjaelik wesa to fara alle m&nniska; nei thisse ewa kwad tha rjuchtera hjara ordelut to kethande. Is ther eng dSn, hwervr nen ewa tavlikt send, sa

thgr ordelth m§,n nei tha sin ther Wr.aldas keth vmbe over ella rjuchtf^rdich to birjuch-

acht bilidsa

an Ts

ga,st

mot mkn ene mgna

;

Mikant tande, althus to dvande ne skil vs ordel nS,mmer alsa vnrjucht, nt ne kvma. Ne dvath m&n nen rjucht men and twispalt emong tha m^nniska §,nd stata, therut sprut inlandiska orloch, hwerthrvch ella homljath Men, o dvmhed. Dahwila wi to §,nd vrda,ren wirth. rist ther twist

dvande send ekkorum to skadaue, kvmth-et nidige folk Findas mith hjara falska presterum jvw h4va to rawande,

jvwa toghatera

to ska.ndane,

kMppath hja

lesta

slftvona

jvwa seda

banda

to

vrdva S.nd to tha

om jahwelikes

frya hals.

Ut-a Skeifta Minnos. Tha Nyhellenia * tham fon

hira Sjn nfime Min-erva hete,

Krekalander t hja to met even h§,rde minade as vs Sjn folk, tha kemon ther svme forsta &nd prestera vppe-ra burch knd frejon Min-erva hwer of hjra

god seten was

mina bosm, hw&t

ik urven h&v

rjucht §,nd frydom, h&v elik

ik

tham

is

Ijafde

vrleren,

men

vr

than skold ik vrk4pja tham,

wisdom,

alsa

Nw jev

an tha minniste jvvar slavonena.

nawet,

om

Nyhellenia andere, mina erva dreg ik

erva lejon. in

S,nd tha

ben

ik red

ik

vm

Tha hera gvngon

wei, &,nd hripon al lakande, jvwer heroga thjanra, wisa Hellenia.

folk th&t hja ere

hwand nam this nome

Thach thermitha miston hja hjara

nome

an.

minnade

S,nd hja folgade,

dol,

thS.t

to-n

Tha hja s&gon th&t hjara skot mist hede,

* Nyhellenia, Nehaleunia.

+ Krekaland, het Krekenland, zoowel Qroot Griekenlaud alsQriekenland zelf.

THE BOOK OF ADELA'S FOLLOWERS. which must be sought

titude,

must be possessed by

make laws and

to

Jthey

all

after

judges.

by

pious people, and

all

therefore,

If,

49

desired

it is

regulations which shall be permanent,

must be equal

The judges must pro-

men.

for all

nounce their decisions according to these laws. crime

is

If

any

committed respecting which no law has been

made, a general, assembly of the people shall be

called,

where judgment shall be pronounced in accordance with the inspiration of Wr-alda's

judgment

If instead of doing right,

we

act thus, our

arise civil wars,

fusion and destroyed are injuring

men

will

commit wrong, there

and differences among people and

will arise quarrels

Thence

If

spirit.

will never fail to be right.

;

and everything and,

is

states.

thrown into con-

foolish people

!

while you

each other the spiteful Finda's people with

their false priests

come and attack your

ports, ravish

your

corrupt your morals, and at last throw the

daughters,

bonds of slavery over every freeman's neck.

Feom Minno's Weitings.

When

Nyhalennia, whose real name was Min-erva, was

well established, and the Krekalanders loved her as well

own people

as our

to her citadel lay.

did, there

came some princes and

and asked Min-erva where her possessions

Hellenia answered, I carry

own bosom. justice,

What

the least of your slaves sell

as

a

is

;

now it.

the love of wisdom,

become as

I give advice for nothing,

The gentlemen went away servants, wise Hellenia.

their object, for the people took

name

of

my

possessions in

If I lose these I shall

laughing and saying. Your humble

But they missed

my

I have inherited

and freedom.

but then I should

name

priests

honour.

When

they

up

this

saw that

* Nyhdlenia or NehaUnnia, t Krekaland, the Krekenland means Magna Grecia as well as Greece.

;

THET BOK THi^EA ADBLA FOLSTAE.

50 tha,

gvngon hja hja bihlvda

nad h^de, men vs folk

5,n(i

seidon that hju-t folk hex-

tha goda Krekalandar werde

§.nd

Enis kemon hja ind

aller weikes that-et laster w^re.

fr^-

gon, as thv th&n nen thjonster ne biste, bwat deist thk^

mitha

§jar

tham thv

Min-erra andere,

altid bi thi heste.

thisse ijar send that sinebyld fon Fryas rSdjevinga, werin

vsa tokvmste forholen hleit §.nd fon slachte

tid

;

mot

el

hja utbroda S,nd wi

Tha

nen leth an ne kvmth.

thUt mS.nneskalik

moton w&ka

god s^id; men

prestera,

hwerto thjanath thene hund an thina fera hand. andere, heth thene h&rder

semene to haldande

?

That likath vs

Fryas kidde waka. prestera

men

:

seg vs, hwat

is

god

mot

ovir

s^don tha

to,

hole

that Ijucht-

sit, is

N^an

djar altomet thettekenthinraklarsjanhed.

skvwande

at

inna thjanest

thju bitjvtenise fon thi

is

immer boppa thin

nachtule, ther

Hellenia

n^n skeper vmbe sin kidde

hwat thene hvnd

skeph&rder, bin ik in Fryas tjanest, ik

thes

thS.t-er

my hiigja that er en slach fon omme dw&,lth, ther evin lik hi in k&rka

andere Hellenia, hi helpt mS-nuiska ovir hirtha i,nd hola

hema

;

to helpane,

men renka

sinna, tha 6ra m&,nniska hjara witskip to r^wane,

hja

tham

to betre miige fata

&nd hjara blod ut

kemon

ne helpa hjara grimskip

men

ik ne

Goda

to

Mist thv then navt

Nean

soide

Min-

k&n nene goda, ther &rg dvande send

kUn en gode, th&t is,

Enis

dva.

to stilane, jeftha hethste pest selva

mith thinra kunsta.

th^rvmbe ne kan ik navt

god

thju

til

Pest was over-et land

hja pest wera miige.

ovir-et l^ud brocht

to for-

to mS^kjande

vampyra

seidon, wi alle send to dvande, tha

offerja, til thju

erva,

vmber slavona fon

to sugane, even as

hja mith en benda folk.

kvmen, hja

vmb

ther an tjuster frota, tach navt as hi,

vs fon musa &nd 6ra plUga

is

freja jef hja beter

Wr.aldas gast

dvath er ak nen kwad,

;

men

wrda

willa.

Ik

thrvch tham er

Hwanath kvmth-et kwad

THE BOOK OF ADELA's FOLLOWEBS. their shot

had missed they began

and the good Krekalanders understood She was once asked,

calumny.

what you

is

and

to calumniate her,

had bewitched the people

to say that she

51

but our people

;

at once that it

was

If you are not a witch,

the use of the eggs that you always carry with

Min-erva answered. These eggs are the symbols of

?

Frya's counsels, in which our future and that of the whole

human

race lies concealed.

Time

will hatch

must watch that no harm happens said.

Well answered

your

hand

right

;

?

them, and we

The

to them.

but what

is

Hellenia

replied,

priests

the use of the dog on

Does

not

the

shepherd have a sheep-dog to keep his flock together?

What I

the dog

is to

the shepherd I

must watch over Frya's

very well, said the the

owl

that

light-shunning

No,

answered

priests

a

Hellenia

in Frya's

service.

We

understand that

but

tell

us what meE[ns

;

upon

always' sits

animal

am

flocks.

are people on earth who, like

clear

me

reminds

he

head,

your

of

sign

;

your

is

that

vision ?

that

there

him, have their homes in

churches and holes, who go about in the twilight, not, like

him, to deliver us from mice and other plagues, but to invent tricks to steal away the knowledge of other people, in order to take advantage of them, to

and

to

make

Another time they

suck their blood like leeches.

came with a whole troop of people, the country, and said

the gods that they

We

:

may

are

slaves of them,

when the plague was all making ofi'erings

take away the plague.

in to

Will you

not help to turn away their anger, or have you yourself

brought the plague into the

No, said Min-erva ; I cannot ask spirit,

does

that

evil.

them

is

I to

land with

all

know no gods that do I only

do better.

Wr-alda's

;

and

Where, then, does

as evil

he

is

your

arts?

evil, therefore

know one

good«r

good he never

come from? asked

THET BOK TH^EA ADELA FOLSTAR,

52

AUet kwAd kvmtli fon jow

thin w6i, frejath tha prestera.

dvmhed

§,nd fon there

jow fensa

thera minniska,

tham hjara

selva fon

Jef thin drochten thin si bjustre god

16ta.

is,

wervmb werther-et kwad th&n navt, frejath tha prestera. Hellenia andere, Frya het vs vppe wei brocht S,nd thene kroder that

rampun

tid,

is

wi hja selva soka thju wi skilon

skilon,

erfi^ra,

dvma dedum

nei

hwat

folgath,

endere Hellenia,

timade skepa

willa,

men ^k

forst, ik skolde

Hwel

skolde tha minniska bilywa

skera ind nei thera slacht benke fora.

hi wil ak thit jahweder fry sy

ak vsa

wille,

redjSvar

ind

minniska,

alle

til

ind wis wrde.

Thit

is

forsta, greva,

b^sa ind m^tera ut-a wisesta thera goda

ind anda folka

men

helpa,

vmbe

thju alleminnalik sin best skil dva

aste

Althus to dvande skilun wi

lera, that

allena leith to salichhgd. prestera,

Tach

ekkorum

thervmbe kjasth vs folk sin

wis ind god to werthande. enis w§ta

miiglik,

thv &nd tha prestera skolde-r than hoda

alsa nil-t ts drochten navt, hi wil that wi

men

ut trulla,

dedum ind hwat

nei wisa

Tha seide-ne

hwand than ;

alle th§,t

thju wi sterik skile wertha

til

w^na, that w§re betre, that to werande.

lik

With

thit ovrige dva.

Nillath wi navt, thin let-er vsa trul

S,nd wis. til

tham mot

red ind help to findande, tha Wr.alda wil

is

That

wis wesa ind wis dva

likt

en ordel, seidon tha

nv menste, that pest thrvch vsa dvmhed

kvmth, skolde Nyhellenia thin wel sa god wesa

vmbe

wille,

vs ewat fon thit nya Ijucht to lenande, hwer vppa hja sa stolte

Jes seide Hellenia

is.

kvmath vul as,

tha rokka ind 6ra fiiglon

;

men

allena falla vp vul 4s,

men vula sed-plegum ind

pest

minth navt

fangnisa.

allena

Wilstv nv that

pest fon-i wika ind na wither ne kvma, thin mostv tha

^ fangnisa wei dva, ind that fon buta. tha

Wi

prestera,

i

alia ren

wrde fon binna ind

willath bilywa thit thin red

men

seg

vs,

ho

god

skilum wi

sy, seidon

ther

alia

THE BOOK OF ADELA'S FOLLOWEES. the priests.

All the evil comes from you, and from the

who

stupidity of the people

you.

then, your god

If,

is

answered

lenia rier,

that

is,

:

that

asked the priests.

Frya has placed us and remedy

we should

why does

so exceedingly good,

Time, must do the

there is counsel wills that

themselves he deceived by

let

not turn away the bad?

he

53

rest.

For

it

wise.

we

If

Wr-alda in order

out ourselves,

we may become strong and

car-

all calamities

to be found, but

search

Hel-

and the

here,

will not

do that, he leaves us to our own devices, in order that

we may experience the results of wise or foolish conduct. Then a prince said, I should think it best to submit. Very possibly, answered Hellenia ; for then men would and you and the priests would take care of them, shearing them and leading them to the This is what our god does not desire, he deshambles. be

sheep,

like

sires that

we should help one

be free and wise.

That

is

another, but that all should

also our desire,

and therefore

our people choose their princes, counts, councillors, chiefs,

and masters among the wisest of the good men,

in order

man shall do his best to be wise and good. Thus doing, we learn ourselves and teach the people that being wise and acting wisely can alone lead to holiness. that every

That seems very good judgment, said the if

you mean that the plague

priests

then Nyhellenia will perhaps be so good as

upon us a proud.

little

of

that

new

but

;

caused by our stupidity,

is

light of

to

bestow

which she

is

so

Yes, said Hellenia, but ravens and other birds of

prey feed only on dead carrion, whereas the plague feeds not only on carrion but on bad laws and customs and If you wish the plague to depart not return, you must put away your bad and from you We ions and become pure within and without.

wicked ions.

it that the advice

how

shall

we induce

is

all

good, the

said

people

the

priests,

under

our

but rule

THET BOK TH^RA ADELA FOLSTAR.

64

m&,nniska to krSja,

tli^r

Hellenia vp fon Lira sStel &.nd keth

thene

sejar,

Tha stand Tha muska folgath

vnder vs weld send. :

tha folka hjara goda forsta, thervmbe ach-stv

mith thin selva Msa rSn

to hijinnande

to

m4kjande, that

mei rjuchta svnder sk^mr^d to werthande to fara thin §,jn mod. Men in stSde fon thit folk r^n to m^kjande heste viila f^rsta utfonden, stv thinna blikka in §.nd utward

hwer vppa th&t

folk al sa

n^ka supth, that hja to

tha barga annath slip frota,

bota m6i.

vmbe

Th§,t folk bigost to jolande S,nd to spotande.

Th6r thrvch ne thuradon hja n^n

Nv

nande. hS,pe

skolde &jder w^na,

strid wither thS,t

an

to spin-

hja vral-et folk to

hropen hSde vmbe vs algadur to-t land ut to driwande.

N^an an ak

lesta lik

that stv thin vula lusta

st^de fon hja to bihluda

Krekalana

to tha heinde

th&,t et

til

gvngon hja

allerw^ikes,

tha Alpa ut to k^thane,

thene allervrste drochten h^gth h^de sin wisa tog-

hater Min-erva,

to

n6mth NyhellSnia gmong tha

niska to sendane in overa sS mith-en ulk,

vmbe tha

m§,n-

mS,n-

niska gode r6d to j^vane lind that allermannalik, ther hja h^ra wilde, rik &nd lukich skolde wertha, §,nd enis b^s skolde wertha ovir alle k^ningkrik irtha.B. Hira byldnese st&ldon hja vppe hjara &lta,rum, jeftha hja vrsellade-t anda

dvma m&nniska. Hja kethon allerw^ikes rM-jevinga, th^r hju nimmer jeven hede, knd tMadon wondera, thSr hju n& dSn hede. Thrvch lesta wiston hja-ra selva master to makjande fon vsa ewa &nd setma, a,nd thrvch wank^thinga wiston hja alles to wisa &nd to vrbruda. Hja st^don ak

f4mma vnder

hjara hode, tha skinber vndere hoda fon

Fa,sta* vsa forma gre moder, to

wakane.

Men

vmbe

over th&t fr^na Ijucht

th&t Ijucht hede hja selva vpstoken,

and in stMe fon tha famkes wis

to makjande, S,nd after-

emong

that folk to senda, ta sjaka to levande kni tha .b§,rn to lerande, makadon hja-ra dvm and dimme bi-t n^i

Ijucht

and ne machten hja na buta ne kvma. PSsta, Vesta, en de Vestaalsche maagden.

Ak wrdon

THE BOOK OF ADELa's FOLLOWERS.

55

Then Hellenia stood up and said: The sparrows follow the sower, and the people their good princes, therefore it hecomes you to begin by renderinoagree to

to

it?

may look within and without, own conduct. Now, instead of

yourselves pure, so that you

and not be ashamed of your

purifying the people, you have invented foul festivals, in

which they have so long revelled that they wallow like swine in the mire to atone for your evil ions. The people began to mock and to jeer, so that she did not dare to pursue the subject

j-

they would have called

out of the land all

and one would have thought that the people together to drive us

all

but no, in place of abusing her they went

;

about from the heathenish Krekaland to the Alps, pro-

claiming that

it

had pleased the Almighty God

clever daughter Min-erva,

to send his

surnamed Nyhellenia, over the

sea in a cloud to give people good counsel, and that all

who

listened to her should

become rich and happy, and in

the end governors of all the kingdoms of the earth. erected statues to her

on

all their altars,

They

they announced

and sold to the simple people advice that she had never given, and related miracles that she had never performed. They cunningly made themselves masters of our laws and customs, and by craft and subtlety were able to explain

and spread them around. under their own

care,

They appointed

who were

priestesses

apparently under the

protection of Festa, our first Eeremoeder, to watch over

the holy lamp instead

;

but that lamp they

of imbuing the

priestesses

lit

themselves, and

with wisdom,

and

then sending them to watch the sick and educate the

young, never

made

they

allowed

them

* Fdita

18

them to

stupid

come

out.

and ignorant,

and

They were

em-

Vesta, or the Vestal Virgins.

THBT BOK TH1&RA ADELA FOLSTAR.

56

hja to redj^vstare brukath, tach thi red was by skin ut

mvlun

hjara

bwand

;

bjara mvla weron navt owers as tha

hwer trvch tha prestera hjara gerta utkSthon. Tha Nyhellenia fallen was, wilden wi en ore moder

liropar,

kjasa,

men

svme wildon nei Texl^nd vmbe ther ^ne

tha prestera tham by

hira §jn folk

tHt

to frSjande,

rik wither in

hSde, nildon that ni hengja hud kfithon vs by-ra folk as vn-frS.na ut.

Ut-a Skeifta Minnos.

III.

Tha-k althus wei faren was mith mina Ijvd fon Athenia,

kSmoD wi

an en eland thrvch min Ijvd Kr^ta

to tha lesta

heten vm-a wilda krSta tham et folk anhy v by vsa kvmste,

Tha

as hja sagon th&t wi

wrdon hja mak, alsa-k havesmode

nen orloch an-t sk^ld

et lest far

en bota mit yserark en

en stada land wandelde.

§.nd

foron,

Thach tha wi

en stut s^ten hede &nd hja sp^radon that wi nSn slavona nSde, tha w^ron hja Trst5,lath, that wi ^wa h^don folk

filik to

Tach sk^rs

4k fon sokka h&.

th&t 611e land

kemon

kem anda

b&rja, that

men

tha-k-ra

birjuchtande vr

hMon

Tha

tys.

nw

alia,

h^de

talt

tha wilde-t

hja tham, jefta

forsta S,nd prestera

wi hjara tjvth over herich ma,kad hede

kem

vmbe hul

Tach

th§,

tha forsta sagon thit hja hjara rik vrljasa skolda,

th§,

S,nd th§it folk

to vs

jSvon hja th&t folk frydom &nd bok.

Thach

thS,t folk

bilSvon welda nSi that

bigostonhjatwispalt

lind skul.

kemon

to

my vmb-en

was nen frydom wenth ir

god thochte.

Thfi,

§,nd tha hSra

thi storn

among vs tos^ja. Hja seidon

that ik hjara help anhropen hSde

vmbe

Ssega

to

wr wSr,

min folk

standf&st kening to

werthande. Enisfand ik gif in min met, thS, as er enis en skip

THE BOOK OF ADELA ployed as advisers, but

tlie

S

FOLLOWERS.

57

advice which seemed to come

from them was but the repetition of the behests of the

When

priests.

Nyhellenia died,

we wished

to

choose

another mother, and some of us wished to go to Texland to look for her

but the priests,

;

among their own

who were

people, would not permit

all-powerful

it,

and accused

us before the people of being unholy.

From the Writings of Minno.

When we

came away from Athenia with

I

an island named by

arrived at

my

my

followers,

crew Kreta, because

of the cries that the inhabitants raised on our arrival.

they really saw that we did not come to

were quiet, so that at

exchange

for a boat

of land.

last I

was able

to

make

When

war, they

buy a harbour in

and some iron implements, and a piece

When we

had been

settled there a short time,

and they discovered that we had no slaves, they were very

much

astonished

;

and when I explained

had laws which made

to

them that we

everybody equal, they wished to have

the same; but they had hardly established

them

before

the whole land was in confusion.

The

priests

and the princes declared that we had excited

their subjects to rebellion, for aid

and

protection.

and the people appealed

When

to us

the princes saw that they

were about to lose their kingdom, they gave freedom to their people,

The

and came

to

me

to establish a code of laws.

people, however, got no freedom,

and the princes

remained masters, acting according to their own pleasure.

When

this

among

us.

storm had ed, they began to sow divisions

They

told

my

people that I had invoked their

Once I make myself permanent king. ship from a when food. So found poison in my assistance

to

THET BOK TH^HA ADELA FOLSTAK.

58

ben ik thermith stolkens hinne brith. Tacli min witherfara to letande, sa wil-k mith thesa skednesa allena sega, that wi navt miige hema mith fon-t F]y

by vb

vrseilde,

—

et

Findas folk fon wer

mith falska reuka, ewa

tMt

et sy,

bwand

th&t hja fvl send

to fresane as hjara swete

wina mith

dejande fenin.

Ende wra

skrifta Minnos.

HiR VNDER SEND ThE^ W^TA, THf:R AFTER SEND THISSA Setma makad. AUera mannalik

1.

S,mmon

sin bihof mot,

i

sin bihof vnthaiden, sa net

dva vmbe sin

lif to

men

n^n man hwat

wS,rth

er ski!

bihaldande.

Alle elte minniska werthat drongen a b&rn to telande,

2.

w&.rth

kvme 3.

wet, thS,t

that werth,

sa

net

nim man wath irges

therof

mei.

Alrek wet

ore that

setma

&.

S,nd

thS,t-i

fry S,nd Ynforleth wil leva, §,nd that

Umbe

wille.

sekur to wesande send thesa

domar makad.

Th&tfolk Findas heth 4k setma

§,nd

men

ne send navt nei tha rjucht,

domar:

men

thissa

allena to b4ta thera

prestera §,nd forsta, thana send hjara

stS,ta

immerthe

fvl

twispalt §,nd mord. 1.

Sahwersa imman n4d heth

S,nd hi

ne kan him selva

navt ne helpe, sa moton tha f4mna thit kvndich dva an tha gr^va.

ThSrfar

tha,t et

en

stolte

Fryas navt ne focht

thS.t selva to dva.

2.

ther

Sa hwa §,Tm

mot

wS,rth thrvch

tham hi navt w&rka

to thS,t 14nd ut driven wertha,

&nd loma send

lestich §,nd S,rg t§,ukande

hwand :

nil,

tha l&fa .

thervmbe 4ch

mS,n to w4rane tham. 3. fif

Jahweder jong kerdel

S,nd twintich sa S,cht-er

fi;ch

en brud to sSka

en wif

to hS,va.

S,nd is er

—

THE BOOK OF ADELA'S rOLlOWEES. Flylaud sailed past, I quietly took ing alone, then, history

my own

Leav-

departure.

adventures, I will conclude this

by saying that we must not have anything .

may be, because much to be feared

with Finda's people, wherever full

my

59

of false tricks, fully as

to do

they are

it

as their

sweet wine with deadly poison.

Here ends Minno's writing.

These are the Three Principles on which these

Laws are founded. Everybody knows that he requires the necessaries of

1.

life,

and

if

he cannot obtain them he does not know how

to preserve his 2. if it

All is

men

have a natural desire to have children, and

not satisfied they are not aware what evil

spring from 3.

life.

Every

may

it.

man knows

that he wishes to live free and

undisturbed, and that others wish the same thing.

To secure

this, these

laws and regulations are made.

The people of Einda have tions,

also their rules

and regula-

but these are not made according to what

only for the advantage of priests and princes their states are full of disputes 1.

If

any

man

must be brought

falls into

just

therefore

and murder.

a state of destitution, his case

before the

cause a high-minded

is

—

Frisian

count by the maidens, becannot bear to

do that

himself. 2.

If any

man becomes

poor because he will not work,

he must be sent out of the country, because the cowardly

and lazy are troublesome and ought to be got rid 3.

ill-disposed, therefore they

of.

Every young man ought

married at five-and-twenty.

to seek a bride and to be

THET BOK TH^EA ADELA FOLSTAE.

60 Is

4.

hwa

ek

man him

te

formyda.

dM

hin

fif

and twintich, and heth

sega,

er

nen engk, sa ^ch

Ta knapa ^ckon him

ut sin bus to werane.

Nimth

er

th&n nach nen eng^,

thju hi ut of lande hrude

til

mot mln

sS,

&nd

hir

ngn

argenese neva ne mei. 5.

Is

hwa wrak,

tha,n

mot-er avber s^ga, that nimman

S^ mei

fon him to fresane nach to duchtane heth.

kvma hwer 6.

er

er wil.

Plecht er after nei hordom, sa mei-r jluchta, ne flucht-

an tha wreke ther bitrogna vrleten,

er navt, s^ is er

a,nd

nimman ne mei helpa him. 7.

ammon eng god

Sahwersa

that thermete that

i

heth,

him theran

Stelth-i jeta reis,

thrja vrjelda.

and en other

than mot hi nei tha

him

tiniannm.

Wil thene

that dva.

Tha berth et wither sa ne mei

frydom

bistelne

likt

sa mot-i that

vrfate,

sa

fry jeva,

mei-r

nimman him

jeva.

Thissa Domae send makad faea Nydiga Manniska. 1.

Sa hwa in

hS,ste

mode tha ut nid an nen

brekth, agna ut stat, jeftha thoth, thi letha bitallja

bwat thene ledar askth.

ni dva, sa mot-er avber an 6re deth.

hok that

im den wertha,

otheris leja

Ne kan

Nil hi that navt ut ne stonda, sa mot-i

werka 2.

sin skeld

Jef ther

felth, hi

mot

an

sy, nei ther

imman fvnden warth et

mit siua

mot

hi hat

sa hi an thene

sina burch-fam wenda, jef-i inna yser jeftha tin til

sa

et sy,

him

Mna

to

mei

mene dom. alsa arg that-i en Fryas

lif bitallja.

Kan

sina burch-fam

hin far altid nei tha tiniana helpa er er fat wide, sy mei that dva. 3.

Sahwersa

thi

bona mei biwisa mith vrkanda

tju-

THE BOOK OF ADELa's FOLLOWERS. 4.

If a

young man

must be driven from

61

is

not married at five-and-twenty, he

his

home, and the younger men must

avoid him.

If then he will not marry, he

clared dead,

and leave the country, so that he may not

must be

de-

give offence. 5.

man

If a

impotent, he must openly declare that

is

no one has anything to fear from him, then he may come or go where he likes. 6.

If after that he commits any act of incontinence, then

he must to the

flee

away

if

;

he does not,

vengeance of those

whom

may aid him, 7. Any one who commits

he.

may

be given over

he has offended, and no

one

fold.

mines.

a theft shall restore

it

three-

For a second offence he shall be sent

to the tin

The person robbed may forgive him

he pleases,

if

but for a third offence no one shall protect him.

These Rules ake made foe Aitgey People. 1.

If a man in a ion or out of illwill breaks another's

limb or puts out an eye or a tooth, he must pay whatever the injured

man

he refuses

this,

If he cannot pay, he

demands.

same injury

suffer the

must

as he has done to the other.

If

he must appeal to the Burgtmaagd in

order to be sent to work in the iron or tin mines until

he has expiated his crime under the general law. If a

man

is

forfeit his

own

life

to the tin

mines

2.

do

so wicked as to kill a Frisian, he ;

but

if

the

must

Burgtmaagd can send him

for his life before

he

is

taken, she

may

so. 3.

If the prisoner can prove

by proper witnesses that

THET BOK

62

gum

ADELA FOLSTAB.

TH:feRA

that et by vnluk sken

man

thju

sa

sMl hi fry w^sa, men

mot-i tach nei tha tinl^uum,

et jetta reis, sa

b&-tli

is,

ther thrvch formitha all

vnerimde wreka

til

§,nd

ftitha.

Domae fara Hoeninga.

This send

Hwa

1.

nis

nen Fryas, hi

Hy mei

fara

hfin anstekt

en horning mith basterde blod.

is

mS,n hin bi ther ded werpa.

rMe

en 6theris hvs ut nid thene

sa

biffi,ra,

k4n tach n&rne

flya sa-r

Mei

mot m&n hin vppet skil-i

fjvr

sekur wesa

wrekande hand.

Nen

2.

S,fta

nach kalta. freselik far

Fryas Is

en

skil ovira

misslega sinra neste malja

hwa misdedoch

6ra,

sS,

mei

hi

him

alsa S,rg that er freslik wl-rth, sa

men

bara;

is

ther

hwa

far-im selva, tha navt

mot m&n-t anda greva

ther en 6ther §,fterb&kis bitighat

in stfide foh-t to dvande by tha greva,

Ypper m§,rk mot-i anda

W&rth-i

selva riuchta,

pele

tham

is

en horning.

bvnden wrde, sa that

m&n him

et

folk

im ansp^ja mei

men

navt nei tha tinl^na, thrvch that en erer^wer ak

;

§,fter

I4dath

jong

overa m§,rka, is to

fresane. 3.

Sahwersa thSr enis

imman were

sa S.rg that

vrrede by tha fyand, p^da &nd to pS,da wes,

i

vs gvng

vmbe vsa

fly-

burga to n^ka, jeftha thes nachtis therin to glupa, tham were allena wrocht ut Findas blod.

mota barna.

Tha

stjurar

sibba nei en fer eland forstuva,

miige.

til

mota

til

bra.nga i\nd ther

m&n

sin ask

thlin sin nftm utspeja in vr al

thju nen ba,rn sin nfi,m ne

him miige vrwerpa.

skolde

n6n feninige kriidon fon waxa ne

Tha f^mna moton

vsa stata, alda

thju-r hyr

Him

skoldon sin m§,n §,nd al sina

kreje

and tha

THE BOOK OF ADELA's FOLLOWERS.

may go

the death was accidental, he

free

63

but

;

hap-

if it

pens a second time, he must go to the tin mines, in order to avoid any unseemly hatred or vengeance.

These 1.

man

If any

Frisian, he

the Eules congeening Bastards.

arj;

is

sets fire to another's house,

If he

a bastard.

must be thrown

into the fire

is

caught in the

No

true Frisian shall speak

neighbours.

harm

If

man

any

becomes so bad that he

must bring

it

man

must be put on the

ill

he

flee,

justice.

of the faults of his

is

own judge

his

dan'gerous to

before the count.

to the count a

act,

injures himself, but does no

must be

to others, he

no

and wherever he may

;

he shall never be secure from the avenging 2.

is

he

But

if

;

but

if

others,

he

they

instead of going

accuses another behind his back, he

pillory in the market-place,

and then

sent out of the country, but not to the tin mines, because

even there a backbiter 3.

If any

man

is

to be feared.

should prove a traitor and show to our

enemies the paths leading to our places of refuge, or creep

into

them by night, he must be the

Findaj he must be burnt.

The

mother and

to

all his relations

sailors

offspring of

must take

a desolate island,

his

and

there scatter his ashes, in order that no poisonous herbs

may

spring from them.

The maidens must curse

name

in all the states, in

called

by his name, and that

him.

order that

his

no child may be

his ancestors

may

repudiate

'

THET BOK THiRA ADELA FOLSTAE.

64

Orloch was vrtigen,

Nw weron

men ned was kvmen an

hyr thre m&nniska ther-ek en buda" keren stelon

Tha hja wrdon

fon asvndergane ejnhera.

gong thene

Tha femna ther-vr ketande seidon

im

Thi ora

wel den.

Men

Asser

gvng

thi thredde ejnher

nw

by tha

skelte.

allerweis, that

thene thjaf

Tha f&mna

forth mith freto.

hus th^. hede, th&

nom

gvng

Nw

alle fat.

erosta to §,nd brocht thene thjaf

hede nei rjucht. S-nd leth

sin sted.

i

den

keren of

thS,t

seidon, hi heth

nei tha thjaf sin

sach ho ned ther sin setel vpst&lth

hi to bS.k S,nd kerde wither mith en wein

n^dthreftum, ther hi ned mith fon thSre herd of driwe.

fol

Fryas f&mna hedon by him

omme

wS,rath

4nd

sin ded an

dat evge bok skreyen, dahwile hja al sina leka ut'fi^chth hede.

dva

Tbju eremoder was

thrvch th§,t ele

kvndich

et seid S,nd hju let hat

Mud.

ThAT'HYK VNDER STAT

IS IN

UT THA

WAGAE

THER'H

Waeabuech weiten. (Zie plaat I.)

Hwat hyr boppa is

st§,t

send thi tSkna fon thit

that forma sinnebild "Wr.aldas,

bijin,

werut

th&t jol skrift

m^kad,

eremoder skrift

tid

kem, thit

mot ommehl^pa. thtit

were,

is

Thana heth Frya

heth hju-r

jeftha-t

thene Kroder ther evg mith

thS.t

run

ThS,

ieftha

Ther Witkening th&t

stand-

thS,t

hja brukte to hira tex.

fon m^kad.

Tha,t

jol.

4k fon t-anfang

is

FS,sta

hl^pande Sekening,

Godfreiath thene alda heth ther asvndergana telnomar fon

mSikad f4r stand to

fi,nd

rvnskrift bSde.

drok that wi-r jgrliks enis fest vf

Wr.alda evg thank ethla heth f&ra letn.

to

wya

T

is

thervmbe navt

fyrja.

Wy

miigon

th&t hi sin g^st sa herde in vr vsa

Vnder hira tid heth Finda &k en

skrift

If

5

— < v/ • »< ^

l/»

C c tL

^ >

><

V-

i ^ < ^

Wv fiL

y^^

^

W

^

I

$

ct

tt.

"

^r? .2?

< ^ < <

^ :) 5[ ^ ^ ^ ^ < A > v^ V-*^?^ ea ^ CL ^ CL ^

'^

V-

fel

<

1/ \^

< <

I fiL

o

^

v/^

^

J-.

*::

W > <

1

< C£^

(Of

I-

t

<

<

<

<

.

<^ t.

* <

>

fiC

<

<•><

a >

< O

fiL

< I/*

Q

>

^

5 < >

* < i ^c^

WW yj

"*

•-

U

'

<

^ ^ o ^ u. v»-

l3

< o

:r

< e

o CO

THE BOOK OF ADELA's FOLLOWERS.

War had come There were three

to an end, but famine

men who

different owners,

owner brought said

65

came

in its place.

each stole a sack of corn from

but they were

all

The

caught.

judge, and the maidens

his thief to the

everywhere that he had done right.

owner took the corn away from

his thief

The maidens said he has done

in peace.

owner went

first

to the thief's house,

The second

and

let

well.

him go

The third

and when he saw what

misery was there, he went and brought a waggon-load of Frya's maidens came

necessaries to relieve their distress,

around him and wrote his deed in the eternal book,

and wiped out

This was reported to the made known over the whole

his sins.

all

Eeremoeder, and she had

it

country.

What

is

wkitten hekeundee

insceibed on the

is

"^ALLS OF WaKABUKGT. (See Plate

What the

is,

appears at the top

first

is

I.)

the signs of the Juul

symbol of Wr-alda, also of the origin

ginning from which Time

is

derived

—

that

or be-

this is the Kroder,

;

which must always go round with the Juul. According to this model Frya formed the set hand which she used to write her Tex.

Fasta was Eeremoeder she made

When

a running hand out of

The Witkoning

it.

Sea-King Godfried the Old the set hand and for the

not

too

much

that

we

—made

—that

runic hand." It

celebrate

is,

the

separate numbers for

it

is

therefore

once a year.

We

may be eternally thankful to Wr-alda that he allowed his spirit to exercise such an .influence over our forefathers.

In her time Finda also invented a mode of writing.

THET BOK TH^RA ADELA FOLSTAE.

66

men

utfvnden, S,nd

krolum,

th&t w^re sa h^gfarende ind fvl mith frisla

afterkvmanda thSrof thju bitjudnese

th§,t tlia

ring vrlgren h^ve. Aftern^i hS,von hja vs skrift 16red binoma

Men

tha Finna, tha Thyrjar §,nd tha Krekalander.

m^tad was

niston navt god, thit-et fon et jol

bh^rumbe altid skrSven wrde moste mith son om. vvildon hja thit hjara skrift vnl6sber skolde

hwand

folkum,

hja h§,vath

altid

dvanda send hja herde fon-a wis ta bS.rn tha skriftun hja-rar

dahwile thera

wy vsa

ThSrby

w6sa

far ora

Thus

hgmnesa.

rfi,kath, thfirmfitha,

to

that

aldrum amper ISsa en muga

alderaldesta skriftun Svin r6d I6sa

thfir jester skrfiven

Hir

hja

§,nd that-et

muga

;

as

send.

thkt stand skrift, thfirvnder th&t run skrift, forth

is

tha t&luomar a byder wisa. (Zie plaat II.)

That

Er

vp alls Buegum eskrj&ven.

st:&t

thfire S,rge tid

Svnne

wr.alda.

k6m was

r6s hager §,nd

Anda bama &nd

tr^jon

vrlSren

Among

send.

alena k6ren,

vs

waxton

th§,t

th§,t skfinneste in

th6r was sjelden frost.

friigda

4nd nochta, thSr nw

tha gS,rs-sgdum

Ijaver §,nd blyde,

gold blikte §.nd

Mnd

men ak

hedon wi navt swete thSr

lik

m§,n vndera svnnastr^la bakja kvste.

J6ron ue wrde navt ne telath, hwand th&t 6ne j^r was alsa blyd as et 6thera.

An

Wr.aldas

hwSrvp n6n folk buta vs navt

s6

bisloten,

tha 6ne side wrdon wi thrvch

fara ne mochte nach kvnde.

thrvch th^t

thit

Findas

tichta walda

wi ovir

it

br^de folk

&nd

Anda

6re side

wrden wi

TwiskWnd vmtunad, hw6r navt

ovir

it

kvma ne

thvradon,

wilde kwik.

uter ende thes

aster-sfi,

fon

thrvch ovira

By morne paldon by ^vind an thene

CI

3

3

c

O

©

X bo

00

^ 3

THE BOOK OF ADELA's FOLLOWEES. but that was so high-flown and descendaflts have soon lost the

67

full of flourishes that

meaning of

Afterwards they learned our writing the Thyriers, and the Krekalanders

—

—but

her

it.

that

is,

the Finns,

they did not

know

was taken from the Juul, and must therefore always be written round like the sun. Furthermore, they wished

that

it

that their writing should be illegible by other people, be-

cause they always had matters to conceal.

In doing this

they acted very unwisely, because their children could only

with great

difficulty read the writings of their predecessors,

whereas our most ancient writings are as easy to read as those that were written yesterday.

Here

is

a specimen of the set hand and of the running

hand, as well as of the figures, in both. (See Plate II.)

This stands inscribed upon all Citadels, Before the bad time came our country was the most, beautiful in the world.

seldom fruits,

frost.

The

The sun rose higher, and there was

trees

which are now

lost.

and shrubs produced various In the

fields

we had not only

barley, oats, and rye, but wheat which shone like gold,

and which could be baked in the sun's were not counted, for one was

On

as

happy

rays.

The years

as another.

one side we were bounded by Wr-alda*s Sea, on which

no one but us might or could

sail

on the other

;

side

we

were hedged in by the broad Twisldand (Tusschenland, Duitschland), through which the Finda people dared not

come on of the thick

forests

beasts.

.

Eastward our »the

East

and the wild

Sea,

boundary went to

and

westward

to

the the

extremity

of

Mediterranean

THET BOK TH^RA ADELA FOLSTAE.

68

middelsS, alsa wi buta tha littiga wel twelif grata swete

vmb

riustrama h^don, vs thrvch Wr.alda j6ven elte to

haldane &nd

vmb

vs land

us wigandlik folk tha w6i to

wisana nei sina sL

Tha owira

thissar rin

strama wrdon

tomet algadur

thrvch vs folk bis^ton, ak tha fjelda an thju Eene fon

6ua enda alon

et ore

t

ende th^.

To jenst-vr tha D^namarka &nd that Juttarl4nd hSdon wi folkplantinga mith en burchfam, dana wonon wi k^per §,nd yser, bijvnka tar,

p&k

S,nd

svma

or bihof.

To jenst

vr vs formSlich Westland th^r hSdon wi Brittanja mith Brittanja thS,t was thiit land thfira banna-

sina tinlana. linga, th6r

mith hulpe hjarar burchfam w6i brith wSron

vmbe hira lif b§,k kyma ne

to bih§,ldana.

Thach

for that hja navt to

skolde, warth er 6rost

en

B

to fara hjara

bana mith r^de blod farve &nd tha 6ra misdSdar mith blS.we farve. Buta §,nd bihalva hMon vsa

stiir

priked, tha

stjurar §,nd kapljvd S,nd to Lydia.

meni loge anda hginde Krfikalanda

In vr Lydia th^r send tha swarta minniska.

Tha vs land sa rum ^nd grat w6re, h^don wi f^lo asondergana namon. Th^ra tham saton biasten tha DSnemarka wrdon Jutta hStou, uth§,vede hja tomet navt owers ne dedon as barn-st^n juta. Hja tham thSr saton vppa elanda wrdon LStne hfiten, thrvchdam hja mSst al vrl^ten l6vadon. AUe strand lind skor hemar fon-a D^nemarka alont thSre s§;ndfal nw Skelda wrdon Stjurar,* S6kS,mAngelara sa h^ton man to par,t S-nd Angelara % heton. fora tha butafiskar vmbe that hja alan mith angel jefta kol fiskton S,nd nimmer n6n netum. Th6ra th6r thana til tha hSinde KrfikaMnda saton, wrdon blat KMhfimar heten, thrvch tham hja ninmerthe buta foron. Thera th6r in da hage marka saton, th^r anna Twisklanda

wrdon Saxmanna h6ton, uthawede hja immer wfipned wfiron vr th&t wilde kwik S,nd vrwildarda Britne. Th6r to

p^lon,

Stjurar, Sturii.

t S§k4mpar, Sicambri.

J

Angelara, Angli.

THE BOOK OF ADELA S FOLLOWERS.

69

Sea ; so that besides the small rivers we had twelve large by Wr-alda to keep our land moist, and to

rivers giv&n us

show our seafaring men the way to his sea. The banks of these rivers were at one time entirely inhabited by our people, as well as the banks of the Rhine from one end to the other. Opposite Denmark and Jutland we had colonies and a Burgtmaagd. Thence we obtained copper and iron, as well as tar and pitch, and some other necessaries. Opposite to us we had Britain, formerly Westland, with her tin mines.

who with the help of Burgtmaagd had gone away to save their lives but in order that they might not come back they were tattooed Britain was the land of the exiles,

their

;

B

on the forehead, the banished with a red dye, the Moreover, our sailors and merother criminals with blue.

with a

chants had

and

many

among

factories

the distant Krekalanders

In Lydia (Lybia) the people are black.

in Lydia.

we had many

our country was so great and extensive,

As

Those who were settled to the east of

different names.

Denmark were

called Jutten,"^ because often they did no-

thing else than look for amber

[jutten)

on the

shore.

Those who lived in the islands were called Letten, because they lived an isolated

Denmark and

life.

the Sandval,

All those

now

who

lived between

the Scheldt, were called

Stuurlieden (pilots), Zeekampers (naval men), and Angel-

aren (fishermen).

The Angelaren were men who fished in named because they used lines and

the sea, and were so

hooks instead of nets. of Krekaland

From

there to the nearest part

the inhabitants were called

Kadhemers,

because they never went to sea but remained ashore.

Those

who

were

settled

in

the

higher

marches

bounded by Twisklanden () were called Saxmannen, because they were always armed against the

wild

beasts

and

the

savage

Britons.

Besides

* Stjurar, in Latin Sturii. + SShdmpar, in Latin Skambn. i Angelara, in Latin Angli.

THET BOK ThIIRA ADELA FOLSTAR.

70

boppa hSdon wi tha n6ma Landsaton, Mteata,* kni Holtjefta Wods^ta.

Ho Arge

Tid kem.

H61 tbene siimer was svnne wilde hja irtha navt ne

sja.

S,ftere

wolkum

skolen, as

"Wind reston in sina

biidar,

werthrvch r^k knd stom lik s61a boppa bus §,nd polon Loft w^rtb althus drov iind dimme, §,nd inna tha stand. tb^ra

hirta

midden

ma,nniska was blydskip nacb friicbda.

tbisre stilnise

f&ng irtba an to bevande

Berga splyton fon ekkorum

sta,rvande were.

To

lik as hju

to spfijande

fjvr and logha, ora svnkon in bira sk^t del, §.nd tb6r bju 6rost fjelda bede ; bfijade bju berga vppa. Aldland t trvcb

tba stjurar Atland b6ten svnk nyther ^nd tba,t wilde bef stapton alsa n&ka wr berg §,nd d^lon, tbat ella vndere s§

F6lo m^nniska wrdon in irtba bidobben,

bidvlwen w6re.

and

felo tb6r et fjvr

weter vm. fjvr, S,fter

men

vnk^men wSron, kSmon

th6rn6i innet

Navt all6na inda landa Findas sp^idon berga Twisk-land.

g,k in-t

ekkorum

&.nd tba

vsa landa fvl ask.

mvda k^mon

Walda bUrnadon

wind d^na w^i kem,

Rinstrama wrdon vrl^id

tbfirtbrvcb

wajadon

tbfi,

by bjara

iind

nSja Slanda fon sand S,nd drivande kwik.

Tbrju j6r was irtba alsa to lydande;

men

w6re macbt m&,n bira vvnda

sja.

F6I0 landa w^ron

vrsvnken, 6ra uta s6 r^sen &,nd

thS,t

Twisk-land to f4ra-n

balfdel vntwalt.

rumtne

bifara.

B§-nda Findas folk

Vsa

l^togba

Tba wartb w^kandom vs dvbbeld

S-nd tid 16rd vs tbat

Thit stbt inna

k^mon tba

weibritne vrdon vrdelgen jefta bja

wrdon bjara barlinga. boden

tba bju bSter

^ndracbt vsa

st§,fik8te

burcb

is.

Waraburch by th^re Aldega

Mvda wryt. Tbju Waraburcb nis nen fdmnaburcb,

* MSrsata, Marsncii.

t

men tb6r

Aldlautl, Atlantis.

in wrdon

THE BOOK OF ADELA's FOLLOWERS.

71

we had the names Landzaten (natives of the land), Marzaten (natives of the fens), and Woud or Hout zaten

these

(natives of the woods).

How

THE Bad Time came.

During the whole summer the sun had been hid behind the clouds, as if unwilling to look upon the earth. There was perpetual calm, and the damp mist hung like a wet sail

and

over the houses and the marshes. oppressive,

and

in men's hearts

The air was heavy was neither joy nor

In the midst of this

cheerfulness.

stillness

the earth

began to tremble as if she was dying. The mountains opened to vomit forth fire and flames. Some sank into the bosom of the earth, and in other places mountains Aldland, called by the seafaring rose out of the plain. people, Atland, disappeaired, and the wild waves rose so high over hill and dale that everything was buried in the Many people were swallowed up by the earth, and sea. others who had escaped the fire perished in the water. It was not only in Finda's land that the eartli vomited fire, but also in Twiskland (). Whole forests were burned one after the other, and when the wind blew from that quarter our land was covered with ashes. Rivers changed their course, and at their mouths new islands were formed of sand and drift. During three years this continued, but at length it ceased, and forests became visible. Many countries were submerged, and in other places land rose above the sea, and the wood was destroyed through the half of Twiskland (). Troops of Finda's people came and settled in the empty places. Our dispersed people were exterminated Then watchfulness was doubly impressed or made slaves. upon us, and time taught us that union is force. This

is

inscribed on the

Warabuegt by the

Aldegamude. *

The Waraburgt is not a maiden's * Mdrsata, iu Latin Marsacii.

city,

but the place where

f Aldland,

io Latia Atlantis.

THET BOK ThIIRA ADBLA FOLSTAE.

72

knd vrlandeska tliinga warath, thfir tha stjurar, Hju is thri p61a, that thrvch mitbrocht binne Alsa is Mgen. is en half ty sudwarth fon MSd^a-sblik alia

Tithfimeda

thS,t

ffirword: berga

strama w^n.

nygath thinna kranna, wolka kni

SkSnland *

Jes.

bl6st,

sMvona folka

st6p-

path vppat thin kl4t, o Frya.

Alsa 100 S-nd

1

Tha,t

nt-et ^sta en folk w6i.

other folk,

is,

k^m

thSr

an twam hapa, ek h6r gvng sines tk\ to vs ne kgmen, men

selva

Fon-t 6ne d^l nis n6n

w^ges.

d^l

6re

thS,t

svnken

folk was vrdr^ven thrvch en

vs twisk land kr^jon hja twispalt, hja

§,fter

hjara

skifton

thju sk6dnesse.

is

j6r f nei that midland

fyl

sunnich bifolkath, ^nd anda

Skgnland was

Skenland.

to vs

S-fter

a,fter-ka,d

th&t sunnichste fon

Th^rvmbe machton hja-t svnder strid wrwinna, S,nd uthS,wede hja owers nSn 16th ne d^don, nildon wi th^rvr -n6n orloch ha. Nw wi hjam h§,von kS,nna lered, s& willath wi ovir hjara s6da skriwa, S,ftern6i ho-t vs mith hjam foral.

gungen

is.

Findas,

men

lik

tham

Th&,t folk

t\ik

§,nd

nw

was navt ne wild

slachta

lik f^lo

anda Egipta-landar, hja h§,vath prestera

Tha

hja ka,rka hive ^k byldon.

prestera

send tha engosta h^ra, hja heton hjara selva Mdgjara,

Magy, hi

hjara aller ovirste h^t

mith 6n,

is

hS,vedprester

&nd k^ning

allet ore folk is nul in-t siffer S,nd fellik

vnder hjara weld.

§,nd al

n^th navt 6nis en n6me,

Tha,t folk

thrvch vs send hja Finna h6ten,

hwand afsk^n

hjara fersta

algadur drov §,nd blodich send, thach send hja th^r alsa fin vp, that

wi thSr bi

to binydane,

jeta

§,nd

hwand

fiil

§,rger

S-fter stS,ne,

fon

hjara

that ella fvl kvada gaston djara

nawet.

Tha

gluppe,

Hja Magjara

men hS,vath

forth ne send hja navt

hja send slavona fon tha presterum

fon

is,

Hja mfeuath th6r inda ma,nniska knA mSninga.

Wr.aldas

gast

nfiton

hja

st^ne wSpne, tha Magjara kS,pra.

tellath

that

* Skenland, Scania, Scandinavia.

hja

tha

f 219-3101

'

gfi,ston

§,rge

= 2092

v.

Chr.

THE BOOK OF ADELA'S FOLLOWERS.

73

the foreign articles bronght by sailors were stored.

all

lies three

hours south from Medeasblik.

Thus

is the

Preface.

bow your heads; weep, ye streams and

Hills,

Scboonland (Scandinavia)

Yes.

people tramples on your garment,

This

is the

One hundred and one driven by another.

Frya.

History.

years after the

fell

went

its

Behind

us, in

submersion of

That people was

Twisklaud (),

into disputes, divided into two parties,

own way.

Of

clouds.

an enslaved

blushes,

Aldland a people came out of the East. they

It

the one no has

and each

come

to us,

but the other came in the back of our Schoonland, which

was thinly inhabited, particularly the upper

part.

There-

fore they were able to take possession of it without contest,

and as they did no other harm, we would not make war about

it.

Now

that

we have learned to know them, we and after that how matters

will describe their customs,

went between Finda's race

and

us.

;

They were not wild

Magy.

;

most of

but, like the Egyptians, they have priests

The

also statues in their churches.

rulers

people, like

priests are the only

they call themselves Magyars, and their hean

He

is

high priest and king in one.

The

rest of

the people are of no , and in subjection to them.

This people have not even a

because although

all

the

name but we ;

bloody, they are so formal that

that respect.

But

still

call

them Finns, ^

festivals

we

are

melancholy and

are inferior to

them

in

they are not to be envied, because

they are slaves to their priests, and

more to their abound everywhere, still

They believe that evil spirits creeds. and enter into men and beasts, but of Wr-alda's spirit they know nothing. They have weapons of stone, the Magyars The Magyars affirm that they can exorcise of copper. *

SkSnland or Scaudiiiavia.

t 2193 - 101

is

2092 before Christ.

H

THET BOK TEERA ADELA FOLSTAE.

74

banna a,nd vrbanna mugon, thgr vr is-t folk 61an in ange Mse knd vppira w6sa nis nimmer nen blydskip ThI hja god s6ten w6ron, sochton tha Magjara to bisjan. athskip bi vs, hja bogadon vp vsa tal and s6dum, vp vs fja §,nd vppa vs ysere w^pne, th^r lija g6rn to fori bjara goldun and sulvere syrhedum wandela wilde, &nd hjara tjoth hildon hja immerthe binna tha p61on, men that vrskalkton Achtantich j^r forther, just wer-et jolfgrste, ther kemon hja vn-warlinge lik sn6i thrvch stornewind drewen ovir vsa landa to runnande. Th^r navt flya machton wrdon vrdgn, Frya warth anhropen, men tha

vsa -wakendom.

Sk^nlandar hedon hira rSd warl^sed. Th^ wrdon kiMa sS,mlath, thri p61un fon Goda-hisburch* wrdon hja wither

K4t jefta Kater-inue, alsa hete burchfam to Goda burch was. K4t was

stonden, tha orloch bil^v. thju fam,

thfir

and hachf^randa, th^rvmbe ne let hju nen rM ni Men tha tha burchhera foUistar anda Moder ne fr^ja. bodon n^i TexMnd nei selva svndon hja that fata, tha there Moder-is nome, was Minna alsa tha. th^re Moder let ala tha stjurar m^nja and M-et othera jongk folk fon Ut thesse Ast-flyland and fon tha Dennemarkum. tocht is thju skydnese fon Wodin bern, sa-r vppa burgum wry ten is and hir eskreven. Anda Alder-gamude t Sterik was sin n6me and ther reste en aide sSkaning. tha hrop vr sina d^da was grat. Thisse aide rob Mde thr^ stolte

neva; there

Wodin thene aldeste hemde to Lumka-makjaJ bi E-mude to Ast-flyland by sin eldrum t-us. Enes was

and Inka w6ron sSkamper and anda Alderga-mude t-vs. As tha jonga kampar nw bi ekk6rum kemon, kSron hja Wodin to hjara h^rman jefta kaning ut, and tha sfikampar k6ron Tiinis to-ra sekaning and Inka to hjara skelte bi ther Tha stjurar gvngon tha nei tha Dennemarka fdra, nacht. ther nS,mon hja Wodin mith sin wigandlika landwfir in. er

berman

aifust

nw

west.

Tiinis

bi hjara faderja

* Qoda-hisburch, Gothenburg. t Alderga, Ouddorp if

Lumkamakja

(bij

bithgre

Alkmaar),

Emuda, Etnbdeu.

THE BOOK OF ADELA's FOLLOWERS.

and

75

and this frightens the people, you never see a cheerful face. When they were well established, the Magyars sought our friendship, they praised our language and customs, our cattle and iron weapons, which they would willingly have exchanged for their gold and silver ornaments, and they always kept their people within their own boundaries, and that outwitted our recall the evil spirits,

so that

watchfulness.

Eighty years afterwards, just at the time of the Juulthey overran our country like a snowstorm driven by the wind. All who could not flee away were killed. Frya was appealed to, but the Schoonlanders (Scandinavians) had neglected her advice. Then all the forces were assembled, and three hours from Godasburgt they "were withstood, but war continued. Kat or Katerine was the name of the priestess who was Burgtmaagd of Godasburgt. Kat was proud and haughty, and would neither seek counsel nor aid from the mother but when the Burgtheeren (citizens) knew this, they themselves sent messengers to Texlandto the Eeremoeder. Minna this was the name of the mother summoned all the sailors and the young men from Oostflyland and Denmark. From this expedition the history of Wodin sprang, which is inscribed on the citaAt Aldergamude there lived an dels, and is here copied. old sea-king whose name was Sterik, and whose deeds were famous. This old fellow had three nephews. Wodin, feest,

;

—

—

Lumkamakia, near the Eemude, in OostHe had once commanded troops. Tennis and Inka were naval warriors, and were just thei^ the eldest, lived at

flyland, with his parents.

staying with their father at Aldergamude.

When

the

young warriors had assembled together, they chose Wodiu to be their leader or king, and the naval force chose Tennis for their sea-king and Inka for their iral. The navy then sailed to Denmark, where they took on board Wodiu and his valiant host.

* Goda-hisburch is Gothenburg. t Alderga is Ouddorp, ne;ir Alkmaar. X LumkamS.kja bithere Emuda ia Embden.

THET BOK THi^RA ADBLA FOLSTAE.

76

Wind

was rum and alsa weron hja an en amerfng*

to

Tha. tha northeska brothar ra selva by-m

Skenland.

fogath hede, d6lde

Wodln

sin weldich

Mv

an

thri wiga.

Frya was hjara w6penhrop &nd s^ hi bikward sloch tha Finnen &nd Magjara as of et ba.rn weron. Tha thene M^gy fornom ho sin Ijvd al ombrocht wrdon, tM sand hi bodon mith st§,f &nd krone. Hja seidon to Wodin, o thv wi send skeldich, thach al Je meue that wi jvw hwat wi den hS-ve is ut ned den. brothar.willengklik anfat h&ve, men wi send thrvch vsa fyanda forth-f§tereth a,nd thi alle send vs jeta vppa hakka. alra grateste thera k&ningar,

"Wi ha,vath often helpe an thinre burchfam frejath, men Thene M^gy seith, sa hwersa

hja neth vs navt ne meld.

wi ekk6rum to tha

kemon

h&rdar fill

rikdom,

§,nd vs alg^dur vrdva.

men

hi heth sjan that

vsa g§,ston et semine.

Hi

Thene Meigy heth

Frya weldiger

is

asal

wil sin ha,ved in hira skat del

bist thene wigandlikste ka,ning irthas, thin

ledsa.

Thv

folk

fon yser.

is

vrdva, ek skilun tha wilda skep-

ha,lte

thin slavona w6sa.

Warth vsa kS,ning knd wi Hwat skolde that 6r-rik

aste tha wilda wither to

l§,k

driwakoste, vsa

alle willath

far-i w6sa,

sfifyra skolde-t

rondbl^sa §,nd vsa mllra skoldon jv vral farut ga.

Wodin was

sterik,

wostS.udwigandlik,menhinasnavtklar

m6ra fvngen §,nd thrvch 4nd land-wSrar, tham *thisse k^r navt ne sinde, brudon stolkes hinne, Kat mith nfimande, men Kat th6r navt to fS,ra there Moder ner to f4ra there m6na acht forskine nilde, jompade wr bord. Th4 kem sjande, thSrthrvch w&rth

thene

in hjar

i

Magy kroneth. Rju

f6lo stjurar

stornewind S.nd fetere tha skepa vppa skorra fonna Denne-

mar kum

del svnder enkel

man

hjathastretKEitsgatf heten.

to mistane.

Afternfii h§.von

Tha Wodinkroned was, gvng-er

* Amering, nog in N.-Holland in gebruik, beteekent daar oogenblik.

Cf. Kiliaau in voce.

t Katsgat, bet Kattegat.

»

:

ademtoclit,

THE BOOK OF ADELA

The wind was

fair,

When

Schoonland.

so

FOLLOWERS.

S

77

they arrived immediately in .

the northern brothers

met

together,,

"Wodin divided his powerful army into three bodies.

Frya was their war-cry, and they drove back the Finns and Magyars like children. When the Magy heard how his forces had been utterly defeated, he sent messengers with truncheon and crown, who said to Wodin Icing,

we

:

almighty

we have done was done You think that we attacked your brothers but we were driven out by our enemies, who

are guilty, but all that

from necessity. out of

illwill,

are still at our heels.

maagd

Magy

help,

for

We

have often asked your Burgt-

but she took no notice of

says that if

we

kill

half our

us.

The

numbers in

fight-

will come The Magy possesses great riches, but he has seen that Frya is much more powerful than all our spirits together. He will lay down his head in her

ing with each other, then the wild shepherds

and

kill all

You

the rest.

most warlike king on the earth, and your people are of iron. Become our king, and we will all be your slaves. What glory it would be for you if you Our trumpets would recould drive back the savages sound with your praises, and the fame of your deeds would precede you everywhere. Wodin was strong, fierce, and

lap.

are the

!

was not clear-sighted, therefore he was and crowned by the Magy. many of the sailors and soldiers to whom this Very proceeding was displeasing went away secretly, taking Kat with them. But Kat, who did not wish to appear before either the mother or the general assembly, jumped overboard. Then a storm arose and drove the warlike, but he

taken in their

toils,

upon the banks of Denmark, with the total deThis strait was afterwards of their crews. When Wodin was crowned, he called the Kattegat.

ships

struction

* Amering, of an eye.

still

in use in

North Holland

.

f Katsgat

ia

the Kattegat.

to signify a breath or a twinkling

78

THET BOK TH^RA AUELA FOLSTAR.

vppa wilda

16s

;

thi

w^ron

rutar, lik een h^jel buje

al

kemon hja ajn Wodin-is h^r, men lik en twyrne wind wendon hja omme S,nd ne thvradon na wither forskina. As "Wodin nw to b&k k6m, jav thene M^gy him sin toghater to-n wif.

men

gradum

bi

Afternei w&rth-i mith krudon hirSkad, mong, hwand Wodin warth

th^r w6ron tawerkrudon

alsa s6r vrm^ten,

Frya

that-i

a.nd

Wraldas

gast misk&na ^nd spota thvrade, thawyla hi sin frya hals Sin rik bog to fara falska drochten-likande byldum. hilde sjvgun jgr, tha vrdwind-ir,

Thene Magy

s6ide that-

hjara godon* vpnimeth were, &nd that hi fon th^r over hjam welda, men vs folk lakton vmbe tin th]. Tha Wodin en stnt w6i w6st h6de, k6m th^r twispalt, wi

mong

er

wildon en ora kS,ning kjasa, men th§,t nilde thene Magy navt me hengja. Hi w6rde that et en rjucht were, him Buta S,nd bihalva thissa twist, thrvch sina drochtne jfiven. sa was ther jet-6n emong sin MS-gjara knd Finna, th^r Frya

Wodin gra navt nilde, men thi Magy dfide as-t im sinde, hwand sin toghater h^de en svn bi Wodin wvnen, and nw wilde thene Magy that thisse fon en hage kom-of

ner

Thawyla alle sanade &nd twista, kr6nade hi w6sa skolde. thene knap to k&ning S,nd stS,lade hin sels as foged &nd Th6ra thfir mar hildon fon foramond jefta r^djfivar an. hjara balg as fon

th&,t rjucht,

tham

leton

him

bidobba,

men

tha goda brudon w6i. F6I0 Magjara flodon mith hjara Ijvda bik ward, &,nd tha stjm-ar gvngon to skip ind

en

Mv

Nw

fon drista Finna gvngen as rojar mitha.

kvmath tha sk^dnese fon nef Tunis &nd

Inka 6rost rjucht vppet

sin

nfef

pat.

ThIT ELLA STET NAVT ALL^NA VPPER WaRABURCH MEN OK TO th^re Buech Stavia, thi^r is Lidsen aftere HAVE Fon Stavrb.

Tha

Tiinis

mith sinum sk^pum

thet forma vppa Da,nnemarka

of,

to

honk

men

kfira wilde,

hi ne

Wodin, Odin, Wodan.

gvng-i

macht thSr navt

THE BOOK OF ADELA's FOLLQ-WERS.

79

who were all horsemen, and fell upon Wodin's troops like a hailstorm ; but like a whirlwind they were turned hack, and did not dare to appear again. "When Wodin returned, Magy gave him his daughter to wife. Whereupon he was incensed with herbs; but they were magic herbs, and by degrees he became so audacious that he dared to disavow and ridicule the spirits of Fry a and Wr-alda, while he bent his free head before the false and deceitful images. His reign lasted seven years, and then he disappeared. The Magy said that he was taken up by their gods and still reigned over us, but our people laughed at what they said. When Wodin had disappeared some time, disputes arose. We wished to choose another king, but the Magy would not permit it. He asserted that it was his right given him by his idols. But besides this dispute there was one between the Magyars and Finns, who would honour neither Frya nor attacked the savages,

Wodin but the Magy did just as he pleased, because his daughter had a son by Wodin, and he would have it that this sou was of high descent. While all were disputing and quarrelling, he crowned the boy as king, and set up himself as guardian and counsellor. Those who cared more for themselves than for justice let him work his own way, but the good men took their departure. Many Magyars fled back with their troops, and the sea-people took ship, accompanied by a body of stalwart Finns as ;

rowers.

Next comes upon the stage the and Neef Inka.

All

history of

Neef Tennis

Warabuegt, but ALSO ON THE BtJEGT StAVIA, WHICH LIES BEHIND THE Port of Staveb.

this is insceibed not only on the

When towards

Teunis wished to return

home, he went

Denmark but he might not land ;

*

Wodin

is

Odin or Wodan.

first

there, for so the

^^ ^^'^^i^'

THET BOK

80

TH:i:EA

ADELA FOLSTAE.

Ak et Flyland

ne landa, th&t hede thju Moder bisjowath.

Hi skold alsa Imd brek omkomth hS,ye,

ne macht-er navt ne landa lind forth

mith sinum Ijvdum fon lek tb^r

vmbe gvngon

hja tbes nachtis tha landa bira,wa §,nd

kM

Alsa alinga there

fara bi d6i.

n&,rne.

forth farande k6-

KMik/^

mon

bja to

vmbe

that hjara have thrvch 6ne stSnene kadik formath

there

folkplanting

Hir selladon hja allerhanne

was.

heten

althus

liftochta,

men

thju burchf^m nilde navt d4ja that hja-ra selva

Th4 hja r^d w^ron

setta.

krfij.on

Tutja nither

hja twist.

Tiinis wilde

vmbe

to f&,rane ikv

thrvch thju str^te fon tha middels6

tha rika kfi,ning fon Egiptalandum, lik hi wel 6r den

men Inka

hede,

Eindas

that-i

s^ide,

Inka m^nde that

folk.

sin

nocht hede fon

er byskin wel

al et

en hach

d^l

fon Atland by wysa fon ^land vrbilewen skolde w6sa, th^r hi mith tha Ijvdum frethoch l^va machte. nSva-t-althus navt enes wrde koste,

r^e

stek en

gvng

As tha b6da Tiinis

to &nd

fone iu-t strand, lind Inka 6ne hl&we.

Th^r

macht jahw^der kjasa, hwam ek folgja wilde, &nd wonder, by Inka ther en gryns h6de vmbe tha ka,ningar §,fter

fon Findas folk to thjanja, hlipon tha masta Finna knd

Magjara

As

ovir.

hja

nw

th&t folk tellath §,nd tha sk^pa

ther n^i delath h^de, tha skedon tha fl4ta fon ekkorum;

fon n^f Tiinis

N^f

is

ifternei t^l

k^men, fon nef Inka ninmer.

k^d al thrvch thju porte Tha Atland svnken is, was-t-inna middels6

Tiinis for allinggen th^re

th^re middels^.

ra owera &k

§,rg to gvngen. Th^rthrvch wSron th^r f61o mknniska fon-t Findas land n6i vsa h^inde lind f6re Kr^kalanda

kvmen

Mo fon

a,nd

4k

Mo

fon Lyda-his land.

vs folk n6i Lydas land gvngon.

Th6r Sjn wfiron ak That

ella

h^de

wrocht, that tha h^inde S,nd f6re Kr^kalanda far th&t weld h^re Moder vrleren was. Th6r h^de Tiinis vp r^kned. Th^r-

vmbe

wilde hi ther en gode h&ve kjasa a,nd fon ther ut fara

'

Kftdik, Cadix.

THE BOOK OF ADELA'S FOLLOWERS. mother had ordered, nor was he anywhere about all his

In

there.

this

81

to land at Flyland nor

way he would have

lost

people by want and hardship, so he landed at night

to steal

and

sailed

on by day.

Thus coasting along, he at

length arrived at the colony of Kadik (Cadiz), so called

because

it

bought

all

was built with a stone quay.

kinds of stores, but Tuntia the^ Burgtmaagd

would not allow them to

settle

there.

ready they began to disagree.

through the

Here they

straits to the

service of the rich

Teunis

When

they were

wished to

sail

Mediterranean Sea, and enter the

Egyptian king, as he had done

but Inka said he had had enough of

all

before,

those Finda's

Inka thought that perchance some high-lying part

people.

of Atland might remain as an island, where he and his

people might live in peace.

As

the two cousins could not

agree, Teunis planted a red flag on the shore,

a blue

and

and Inka

Every man could choose which he pleased,

flag.

to their astonishment the greater part of the Finns

and Magyars followed Inka, who had objected to serve the

"When they had counted the

kings of Finda's people.

people and divided the ships accordingly, the rated.

We

fleet

sepa-

shall hear of Teunis afterwards, but nothing

more of Inka, Neef Teunis coasted through the

straits to the

Mediter-

ranean Sea.

When

suffering also

on the shores of the Mediterranean, on which



many

Atland was submerged there was much

of Finda's people, Krekalanders, and people

from Lyda's land, came

On

to us.

of our people went to Lyda's land.

was that the Krekalanders superintendence

on

this,

of the

far

Kadik

is

The result of

and wide were

mother.

and had therefore wished *

the other hand,

Cadiz.

Teunis

many

all this

lost to the

had reckoned

to find there a

good

THET BOK TH^RA ADELA FOLSTAK.

82

rikka forsta fira,

men thrvchdam

sine flate §,nd sin folk

wanhaven utsagon, mendon tha Kadhemer that hja r^wera weron, §.nd thervmbe wrdon hja vral werath. Tha sa

to tha lesta

kemon

hja an to Phonisivs kad, that were 100

93 jer*'nei atland svnken

S,nd

Nei

is.

bi there

kM

fvn-

don hja en eland mith twam diapa slinka, alsa-t as thrju Yppet midloste thera staldon hja hjara skula vp, S,fternei bvwadon hja ther en burchwal om to. elanda utsach.

As

nw

hja theran

en noma jeva wilde, wrdon hja vnenes,

Nef tiinia, men tha Fiuna badon th&t skolde Thyrhisburch f alsa heton hja en hjarar drochtena S,nd

svnie wild-et Fryasburch beta, ora

Magjara

§,nd tha

Thyr

hete.

|

vppe tham-is jerdei weron hja ther land, to wither-jeld wildon hja Tiinis evg as hjara k&,ning bik&nne.

Tunis

let

im bilesa S.nd tha 6ra nildon thSrvr nen orloch ne hk Th& hja nw god saton, th^ sandon hja svme aide stjvrar a,nd magjara ana wM S,nd forthn^i there burch Sydon, men that forma nildon tha bist

K4dhemar nawet

ferhemanda sw&.rvar seidon

fon-ra neta.

Thv

hja, ther wi navt hachta

Tha tha wi hjam fon vsa ysera wepne vrsella gvng to lersta ella god. S.k w^ron hja ser uy nei vsa bS,rnst6num S,nd th^t frSja th^r nei nam n6n ende. ne miige. wilde,

Men

Tiinis th6r flirsjande were, b§.rde

wepne ner b&rnstene

S,nd bS,don hi skolde twintich

mith-a

w6rum

finneste

wildou him alsa Twe-lif

sk^pa

tomakad

lether,

gold wrtein sa

let-i-to

sk^pa j6va, ther hja

tho

Ijvda

felo

to

hr6da

that er nen ysere

Th4 kemon tha k^pljvd

mS,r hede.

hreda rojar

wilde,

j6va

mith win

ther bi w^ron t§,mar

min

hja

thi skS.t fyl Tiinis tha.t

ninmer

&nd

nede

Flymar binna.

2193-193

= 2000

V.

Chr.

hvning sitlun

5,nd

mith

Mith

al

Thi grevaman fon bigfi,stered, hi

t Thyrliisburoh, Tyrus.

+ Thyr, de zoon van Odin.

hja

as-er jerde.

sjan.

Westflyland w4rth thrvch al thessa thinga

»

alle

§,nd

THE BOOK OF ADELa's FOLLOWERS.

83

haven from which he might go and serve under the rich princes but as his fleet and his people had such a shat;

tered appearance, the inhabitants on the coasts thought

that they were pirates, and dtove

At

them away.

last

they arrived at the Phoenician coast, one hundred and ninety-three years after Atland was submerged.

Near the

coast they found an island with two deep bays, so that

there appeared to be three islands.

la the middle one

they established themselves, and afterwards built a city wall round the place. Then they wanted to give it a name, but disagreed about it. Some wanted to call it Fryasburgt, others Neeftunia but the Magyars and Finns begged that it might be called Thyrhisburgt, Thyr was the name of one of their idols, and it was upon ;

his feast-day that they

they

off'ered

Teunis

let

make any

had landed there

;

and

in return

to recognise Tennis as their perpetual king.

himself be persuaded, and the others would not quarrel about

it.

When

they were well estab-

some old seamen and Magyars on an

lished, they sent

expedition as far as the town

of Sidon;

but at

first

the inhabitants of the coast would have nothing to do

with them, saying,

we do not

respect.

You

are only foreign adventurers

whom

But when we sold them some of our They also wished to

iron weapons, everything went well.

buy our amber, and their inquiries about it were incessant. But Teunis, who was far-seeing, pretended that he had no more iron weapons or amber. Then merchants came and begged him to let them have twenty vessels, which they would freight with the finest goods, and they would provide as

many

people to row as he would require.

Twelve

ships were then laden with wine, honey, tanned leather,

and saddles and

mounted in

bridles

gold, such as

had

never been seen before.

Teunis sailed to the Flymeer with so enchanted the * 2193-193

is

all this treasure, which Grevetman of Westflyland that he induced

2000 years before Christ. + Thyr

is

f Thyrhisburch

thfesea-o4-0diB.

is

Tyre.

THET BOK

84

THifeRA

wroclite that Tiinis bi there

bvwa mAchte,

&fternei

is

thju

ADELA FOLSTAR.

mvde fon-t Flymar en loge sted Almanaland* heten §,nd

Wyringgaf vp wandelja Thju Moder rede that wi ra ella

mark thSr hja machton tol6tmark.

tha

a,fternei

to

vrkapja skolde buta ysere w^pne,

men

ni§,n

navt.

ne melde

kSmon

Th4 tha Tyrjar thus fry spel hSdon,

hja

hja §,lati

wither to farand vsa w^ron s4 h^inde as f^re vsa ajn s6-

k§,mpar

sk4dne,

to

Thgr&,fter

mgna

bisloten vpper

is

acht, j^rlikes sjvgun Thyrjar skepa to to l^tane §,nd navt

mar.

HWAT Inner northlikste

heme

ThSrvr w§,rth ene

kfimon hja

m^na

mende hju

thi,t

a kap to

acht bilSid.

wnnen, men Moder sach ra lyast

w§,rth

IS.

fon tha Middelsd, thSr leid en

Nw

Sland by th^re kad. jande.

WEDEN

THJEB OF

fr^-

Moder-is

rfid

Thfirvmbe

fSr of.

that er nSn kwS, an stek, thach as wi iftern^i

sagon ho wi misd^n h6de hivon wi th&t 61and MisselljaJ Hir&fter skil blika ho wi thSr to r6de

h6ten.

Mde.

Tha

Gola,§ alsa heton tha sS.ndalinga prestera Sydon-is. tha

Gola hSdon wel sjan thet §,nd fer fon th^re

et land thSr skares bifolkad was

Moder wSre.

Vmb

nw

ira selva

en gode

skin to j6vane, ISton hja ra selva in vsa tal ana trowe

wydena selva kirt

fon

wei

ThS, hja

Ijuda

men

hSta,

there

were betre west,

that

wendena

trowe

trjuwendne

lik

wel seton weron,

Skene

kapre

fara vsa ysere

wepne

vsa

as

nomath

stjurar

leter

hja

hede,

jefta

den

h§,ve.

tha

wandeldon

hjara

ind

allerMja

syrhedon

kdp-

w^pne ind wilde djara huda, w^rfon

* Almanaland, Ameland.

t Wyringgft, Wieringen.

t

§ Gola, Galli, Gaulois.

Missellja, Marseille.

ra

to in

THE BOOK OF ADELA'S FOLLOWERS.

85

Teunis to build a warehouse at the mouth of the Flymeer.

Afterwards this place was called Almanaland, and the

market where they traded

Wyringen was

at

called Toe-

The mother advised that they should

laatmarkt.

sell

everything except iron weapons, but no attention was paid

what she

to

As

said.

the Thyriers had thus free play,

they came from far and near to take away our goods, to the loss of our seafaring people.

Therefore

it

was resolved

in a general assembly to allow only seven Thyrian ships

and no more in a

What

year.

the Consequence of this was.

In the northernmost part of the Mediterranean there an island close to the coast.

buy

that,

lies

They now came and asked

to

on which a general council was held.

The mother's advice was asked, and she wished at some distance, so she saw no

harm

them we afterwards saw what a mistake we had made, we the island Missellia (Marseilles).

what reason we had.

there was thinly peopled,

In order to

make

called

Hereafter will be seen

The Golen,

priests of Sidon were called,

to see

in it; but as

as

the

missionary

had observed that the land

and was

far

from the mother.

a favourable impression, they had them-

selves called in our

language followers of the truth ; but

they had better have been called abstainers from the truth, or,

in short,

" Triuwenden,"

afterwards called them. their

and

as

our

seafaring

"When they were well

people

established,

merchants exchanged their beautiful copper weapons all

sorts of jewels for our iron

of wild beasts, which were

* Almanaland is Ameland. X Missellja is Marseilles.

weapons and hides

abundant in our southern

+ Wyringa

is

Wieringen.

§ Gola are the Galli or Gauls.

THET BOK THtlRA ADBLA FOLSTAE.

86

vsa suder landa felo to bikvma weron.

Men

tha Gola

fyradon allerhana wla drochtenlika fersta and to tyadon tha kadhemar thera thrvch todvan Ljarar horiga manghertne S,nd tha sw^t bed fon hjara fininnige win.

hwa

Was

fon vs folk theret alsa §,rg vrbrud hede, that sin

frese

ther

lif in

kem, than ISnadon tha gola him hul ind foradon him

nei Phonisia, that

is

palmland.

most-i an siua sibha &nd

"Was hi th6r seten, thin

&tha skriwa, that-et land si god

were and tha m§,nniska s4 luklik, as ninm8,n hin

mocht

A

forbylde.

lith wiva,

tha tha Gola that wiston, leton hja alweis mangh-

ertne sk^ka lind thessa javon hja tha Britne

Thach

selva

Brittannja weron rju felo manna, tha

al

weron

manghfirtne

thissa

ther tha hern fon

Wralda

stolon

vmb

nawet.

hjara thjansterum,

vmb-ar an hjara

falske

drochtne to jSvane.

Nw

WILLATH WI SKRIWA VE THA OeLOCH TH^RA

BUEGHFAMNA KaLTA AND MiN-EEVA,

And ho

wi ther thrvch

al

vsa suderlanda §,nd Brittanja

anda Gola vrlSren hive. Bi th§re Suder-rSn-mvda &ud th^re Skelda, ther send sjvgun ilanda, n6math n^i Fryas sjvgum w^kf^mkes there

wek.

Middel vppet ene iland

inut tha

w^grum

Th^r bvppa

st6t

:

thSra

is

is

w&k.

16s, ler §,nd

563 jerf nei aldland svnken fam,

Min-erva

NyhelMnja

hwand tha alle

was hira

red,

is,

sat hir

n6ma.

en wise burch

Thrvch

tha

stjurar

ton6ma was god keren, thaer hju lenade, was ny &ud hel bvppa

ton6math.

6therum.

thju bnrch Walhallag&ra,*

thju folgjande skednesse writen.

This

'

Overa Skelda

et th6re

Flyburch sat Syrh6d.

Thjus fam was fvl renka, sken was r-anhlith §,ndkwikwas

* Middelburg.

f 2193-563 = 1630

V. Clir.

THE BOOK OF ADELA'S FOLLOWERS. countries

87

but the Golen celebrated

all sorts of vile and which the inhabitants of the coast promoted with their wanton women and sweet poisonous wine. If any of our people had so conducted himself that ;

monstrous

festivals,

was in danger, the Golen afforded him a refuge, and sent him to Phonisia, that is, Palmland. "When he was settled there, they made him write to his family, his life

and connections that the country was so good and the people so happy that no one could form any idea of it.

friends,

In Britain there were plenty of men, but few women.

When

the Golen knew this, they carried off girls everywhere and gave them to the Britons for nothing. So all served their purpose to

these girls

Wr-alda

in order to give

them

children from

steal

to false gods.

Now WE

WILL WRITE ABOUT THE WaR BETWEEN THE BUEGTMAAGDEN KaLTA AND MiN-ERVA,

And how we

thereby lost all our southern lands

Britain

and

to the Golen.

Near the southern mouth of the Khine and the Scheldt there are seven islands, of the week.

named

after Frya's seven virgins

In the middle of one island

is

the city of

Walhallagara (Middelburg), and on the walls of the following history

" Read,

learn,

is

inscribed.

Above

it

this city

are the

words

and watch."

Five hundred and sixty-three years after the submersion of Atland

— that

is,

1600 years before Christ

—

a wise

whose name was Min-erva called by the sailors Nyhellenia. This name was well chosen, for her counsels were new and clear above all others.

town

priestess presided here,

—

On

the other side of the Scheldt, at Flyburgt, Sijrhed

presided.

This maiden was full of tricks.

* Walhallagara

+ 2193-563

la

Her

is Middelburg, in Waloheren. 1630 years before Christ.

face

was

THET BOK TH^RA ADELA FOLSTAE.

88

men thi red thfir hju jef, was immer in thjustere Th6r vmbe warth hju thrvch tha stjurar Ki,lta

hira tvnge,

worde.

mgnadon that et 6rn6ma wSra. Inna tMve vrsturvene Moder stand E6sa-mvda thet

heten, tha landsata utroste wille

forma, Min-erva thet twede S.nd SyrhSd thet thredde as folgstere

Min-erva nede ther nSn wit

biskreven.

men Syrhed was

forstinne, wilde hju erath

stjurar hiri hjara

marka

heM

To tha

lesta

bjada, selva fon

tha Dena-

That vvnde Syrhed, hwand hju

Flymar.

S,nd fon t

men kemon

fresath §,nd beden wesa,

Min-erva wilde enkel minth wesa. alle

fon,

Lik en wrlandeske

er thrvch knaked.

wilde bvppa Min-erva utminthja.

Til thju

m&n

en grote

think ovir hira w^kendum hkva. skolde, myk* hju eunen

Th^ gvng Min-erva

bona vpper f4ne.

to

h&rder hvnd §,nd en nachtul in vppira fane. seide

&nd myk en Thene hvnd

hju w&kt ovir sin her §,nd ovira kidda &nd thene

nachtul w&kt ovira fjelda

Men

navt vrden ne wrde.

til

thju hja thrvch tha

musa

thene bona neth far nimman

frjundskip, §,nd thrvch sin vntocht 8,nd h&chfa,renh6d

is er

vaken thene b^na sinra nSista sibba wrden.

As Kalta gvng hju fon kwad hju M^gjara to hiri kvma vmbe

sach that er w&rk falikant ut kem, to to &rger.

Stolkes 16t

t^wery to l&rane.

As hju

ther hira nocht fon hede, werpte

hju hira selva and irma thera Golum, thach fon al thi

misdSdon ne macht hju navt betre ne wrde. that tha stjurar

mar &nd mkv fon

iri

As hju

sach

weke, tha wilde hju

"Was tha mone fvl &nd thene

s6

vnstumich, than blip hju over et wilde hef, tha stjurar

to

ra thrvch

frfise

winna.

hropande that hja anbidda nilde. wSter

fori

alle

skolde vrg4n, sahwersa hja hiri navt

Forth vrblinde hju hirafi,gunhw6r thrvch hja

land&nd land foriwSter

liildon,

skip vrgvngen mith m§,n §,nd mus.

th^rthrvch

Vppet forma

is

miini

w6rferste

tha al hira landsS,ta wSpned w^rou, 16t hju bS,rga bjar skS,nka, in tha.t bjar hede hju t^verdrank den. *

Myk wordt

nog op Waloheren

As

et folk

gelioord.

nv algadur

THE BOOK OF ADELA beautiful,

FOLLOWERS.

S

89

and her tongue was nimble ; but the advice that she

gave was always conveyed in mysterious .

Therefore

the mariners called her Kalta, and the landsmen thought

was a

In the

title.

dead mother, Eosamond

last will of the

was named first, Min-erva second, and Sijrhed third in

suc-

Min-erva did not mind that, but Sijrhed was very

cession.

much

it

Like a foreign princess, she wished to be

offended.

honoured, feared, and worshipped ; but Min-erva only desired to

At

be loved.

from Denmark and

last all the sailors, even

Flymeer, did homage to her.

wanted to excel Min-erva.

This hurt Sijrhed, because she

In order to give an impression of

her great watchfulness, she had a cock put on her banner.

So then Min-erva went and put a sheep-dog and an owl on The dog, she

her banner. flock,

the fields fit

to

guards his master and his

said,

and the owl watches that the mice ;

shall not devastate

but the cock in his lewdness and his pride

murder

When

his nearest relations.

that her scheme

had

was

failed she

only

is

Kalta found

more vexed,

still

so

she secretly sent for the Magyars to teach her conjuring.

When

she had had enough of this she threw herself into

the hands of the Gauls

but

;

all

When

improve her position.

her malpractices did not

she saw that

the sailors

kept more and more aloof from her, she tried to win them

back by

At

fear.

the full moon,

when

the sea was storrhy,

she ran over the wild waves, calling to the sailors that

they would

all

be lost

if

Then

they did not worship her.

she blinded their eyes, so that they mistook land for water

and water was

for land,

totally lost.

countrymen

were

and in

At

the

armed,

which she had drugged. * MijTc

is

a

word

way many

this first

she

war-feast,

when

brought casks

When still

a good ship

they

were

used in Walcheren.

all

of all

her

beer,

drunk

THET BOK th:^ea adela folstae,

90

drunken were, gvng hju bvppen vp hira stridhros standa,

mith hira hole tojenst hira

to ISnande

kv navt

Tha hja sach that

skener.

speri,

mSrnerM

6gon vpper

alle

tigath weron gpende hju hira w^ra S,nd keth,

thogatrum Fryas,

i

thrvch et

thrvchdam tha

Long

is.

i

weta miige hwernei

bita

i

nete navt hwer-

i

my

h§,v ik

thach nv k&n-k-e tnavt longer 6n. thju

stjurar navt 16nger

men

vs skrifHlt to vrsella,

kvmen

ther vr inhalden,

Hark then frjunda til m6i. Auda ora syde

th^re Skelda hwer hja tomet tha fert fon alle sea

makath hja hjvd degon

thfir

f§,s-

svnum &nd

wet wel that wi inna lerste tyd ful lek

S-nd brek leden h§,ve,

kvme vmb

ne

skriffilt

fon

pompa

hS,ve,

bl6dar,

ther mith sparath hja liunent ut &nd k&nnath hja vs wel miste.

Neidam

bydriv wSst lera skolde.

is,

thS,t

m^kja nv

skriffilt

s4 heth thju

Men Minerva

Moder

heth

tell a,

vs gr^teste

al et folk bihexnath, jes

bihexnath frjunda, ivin as al vs fja

Er-ut mot-et, ik wil thi

alti

wilt that mS.n et vs

th§.t

l&sten sturven

nas-k nen

burchfam

is.

ik

skold et wel weta, ik skolde thju hex in hjara nest vrbarne.

Tha hju

thi lerste

selva nei hira burch tha,

worda ut hede, spode hju

men

hira

th&t vrdrvnken folk was

althus denera big^stered, that et vr sin rede navt mocht to wakane.

In dvl-dryste iver gvngon hja overa Sand

fal

neidam nacht midlerwil del str6k gvngon hja evin

S.nd

drist

vpper burch

16s,

Thach K&lta miste

dol,

hwand Minerva

alle

thrvch tha r&ppa stjurar hreth.

§,nd hira

f^mna

S,nd

al hwither hira

tha foddik wrdon

HlEBY KVMTH THA Sk^DNESSB FON JoN. Jon, J6n, Jhon &nd JS,n leit

anda utspr^k th^ra

bikirta vmbit f^ra is

is al

6n mith jeven, thach that

stjurar, ther thrvch

&nd hard hropa

to

wenhed

mvgane.

Jon

ellas th§,t

jeva was sfikening, bern to-t-AldergS,, to-t Flymar ut

—

THE BOOK OF ADBLA'S FOLLOWERS.

91

she mounted her war-horse, leaning her head upon her Sunrise could not be more beautiful.

spear.

saw that the eyes of her lips and said

When

she

were fixed upon her, she opened

all

:

Sons and daughters of Frya, you know that in these last times we have suffered sailors

know what about

much

loss

and misery because the

no longer come to buy our paper, but you do not the reason of

but can do so no longer.

it,

On

then,

Listen,

you may know on which

friends, that teeth.

I have long kept silence

it is.

side to

my

show your

the other side of the Scheldt, where from time

to time there

come ships from

all parts,

they

make now

paper from pumpkin leaves, by which they save flax and

Now,

outdo us.

as the

making of paper was always our

principal industry, the mother willed that people should

from us

learn

it

people

—yes,

;

but Min-erva has bewitched

bewitched,

cattle that died lately.

my I

were not Burgtmaagd, I

friends

—

as well as

all

the

all

our

must come out with it. If should know what to do.

I

I

should burn the witch in her nest.

As soon

as she

her citadel

;

had uttered these words she sped away

to

but the drunken people were so excited that

they did not stop to weigh what they had heard.

In

mad

haste they hurried over the Sandfal, and as night came

on they burst into the missed her aim were

all

;

citadel.

However, Kalta again

for Min-erva, her maidens,

and her lamp

saved by the alertness of the seamen.

We

now come

to the History of Jon.

Jon, Jon, Jhon, Jan, are

all

the same name, though the

pronunciation varies, as the seamen like to shorten everythino- to

be able to

make

it

easier to

call.

Jon

— that

-was a sea-king, born at Alberga, who sailed

THET BOK th:6ra adela folstae,

92

27 sbepum, tohreth fUr en gr6te butabirnsten, tin, k^per, yser, Mken, mith leden famna filt fon otter, bever, &nd kanina Mr.

mren mith 100 rik to

reis,

linnent,

Nw

filt,

§,nd

skold er fon hir jeta

skriifilt

kern and sach ho KS-lta vsa

hft-

mith nimma

rom

;

tha to Jon

rika burch vrden hgde,

tha w§,rther s^ uter mete heftich, that er mith al sinum

Ijudum vpper Flyburch of gvng

a,nd

ther to witterjeld

Men thrvch sin skelt bi nacht thene r^da h6ne an stek. and svme sinra Ijudum w&rth thju foddik ind tha f&mna Tach Syrhed jefta K&lta ne mochton hja navt to hret. klywde vppa utroste tinne, jahweder tochte that hju inna logha omkvma moste, th^ hwat berde ? fatane, hju

Dahwile

al hira Ijuda st&k &,nd stif

fon skrik standon,

kem

hju sk^ner as a-to fora Tp hira kMppar to hropande nei

Tha stramada th&t ora Skelde

K&lta min-ais.* h^pa.

wy.

As tha

En

folk to

s^gon hripon hja far Minerva

stjurar that

th^rut

kvmen, hwerthrvch thvsande

thesse tidon was

R6samond thit is R6sa rnvda minne den vmbe frStho to

orloch

is

fallen send.

Under

Moder, hju

hMe

ful in there

warja, tach nw-t alsa kvg

kem,

myk

hju kirte mete.

tonda sand hju bodun thrvch tha land pala &nd

mena nedban wrda

wei.

utketha, tha

Th§,t strydande

k^mon

Bislet

th^ landwerar ut

land folk wa.rth al

fat,

en alle

men

Jon burch hin selva mith sin Ijud vppa sina flate, mith nimand bSda tha foddika, byonka Minerva §,nd tha fdmna fon bedar burchum. Helprik thene hSrman let-im'in banna, men tha hwila alle werar jeta o-ra Skelda wSron for Jon to bek nei-t Flymar

S,nd forth wither nei vsa

aiandum.

Sin

hud felo fon vs folk namon wif §.nd bern Jon nw sach that m§,n hin S,nd sin Ijud lik misdedar strafja wilde, brudon hi stolkes hinne. Hi dede rjucht, hwand al skep, §.nd as

Ijud

vsa landar S,nd allet ora Skelda folk th6r fjuchten hedon

* Kilta Min-liia, Minnesdoohter

?

THE BOOK OF ADELA's FOLLOWERS. from

tlie

Flymeer with a

fleet

93

of 127 sHps fitted out for

a long voyage, and laden with amber, tin, copper, cloth, linen,

felt,

would

also

and rabbit

otter-skins, beaver

He

skins.

have taken paper from here, but when he

saw how Kalta had destroyed the angry that he went

and out of revenge

off

with

all his

set fire to

it.

he became so

citadel

people to Flyburgt,

His iral and some

of his people saved the lamp and the maidens, but they

She climbed up on

could not catch Sijrhed (or Kalta).

the furthest battlement, and they thought she must be killed in the fiames

but what happened

;

While

?

all

her

she appeared upon

people stood' transfixed with horror,

her steed more beautiful than ever, calling to them, " To Kalta " Then the other Schelda people poured out to!

wards her. "When the seamen saw that, they shouted, " We are for Min-erva " from which arose a war in which !

thousands were

At

this

killed.

time Kosamond the mother,

in her power

by gentle means

saw how bad

it

was,

made

who had done when

to preserve peace,

short

she sent messengers throughout

work of all

all

she

Immediately

it.

the districts to call a

general levy, which brought together

all

the defenders of

The landsmen who were fighting were all caught, but Jon with his seamen took refuge on board his fieet, taking with him the two lamps, as well as MinHelprik, the erva and the maidens of both the citadels. the country.

chief,

summoned him

to appear';

but while

all

the soldiers

were on the other side of the Scheldt, Jon sailed back to the Flymeer, and then straight to our islands. His fighting men and many of our people took women and children on board, and when Jon saw that he and his people would be punished for their misdeeds, he secretly took his

departure.

He

did well, for

the other Scheldt people

all

our islanders, and

who had been

* Kalta Min-his, Minnesdanghter.

fighting

were

:

THET BOK THKEA ADELA FOLSTAE.

94

wrdon nei Brittauja

Thius stap was mis den,

brocht.

hwand nv k^m t-anfang fon

ende

thS,t

Kaita th^r nM-t segse even blyd vppet w6ter as vppet

hMpa machte, gvng nei tha fS,sta wal, &nd forth vppa Missellja of. Tha kemon tha Gola mith hjara skepum

land

ut-a MiddelsS

K4dik

bif^ra S,nd el vs uter land, forth fylon

hja vp §.nd over Brittannja thach hja ne mochton ther nen fS,sta fot

ne kr^ja, vmbe

tha sjvrda weldich §,nd tha

th§,t

Men nw kem

bannalinga jeta fryas weron.

vmbe vrwurpene m&kad, navt vmbe

KS,lta kni

m&n thi men vmbe

keth, thv bist fry bern S,nd

litha leka heth

to

thi to beterja,

tin to S,nd

vnder mina red

§,nd

hoda

skilun thi wrda, S-nd ik skil fjnr

Wilst wer fry wesa

winnande thrvch thina handa.

gvng

omhMpen

leva, tjS,n ut then,

w&ka

o-er thi.

et o-era §,landa, §.nd er thes

wepne

Lik blixen

Kroders

jol enis

hede, was hju m&sterinne over al gadur ind tha

Thyrjar fon al vsa suder

stS,ta til

that K&lta hira selva navt to

fiil

northlika berchland ene burch

hju hSten, hju

jet anwSsa,

is

there Sejene.*

Vmbe

bitrowada, let hju in-et

bvwa K&lta-s burch

men nv

wS,rth

hSt hja K^ren-§,k.

Fon

thjus burch welde hju lik en efte moder, navt to wille

f4r

men

hira

over

folgar

§,nd

tham

hjara selva forth

Men tha Gola weldon bygrMon over el kem enis delis that hju nen mdr burga nede,

Ka,ltaiiat h6ton.

Brittauja, tha,t

twyas that hju

thessa ers^ka a,nd

n^n burchfamna n6de

ther

thrvchdam hju n^n

kvn

efte

foddik navt nMe.

S,nd thryas

Thrvch

hira folk navt ni lera, th§,t wrde

al

dvm

dor lind wrde endelik thrvch tha Gola fon al hu-a

ysera w6pne birawath &nd to there n6se

omme

tha,t

lesta lik

en buhl by

leid.

* SSjene, de Seine.

f

Kftltana, Celfae.

THE BOOK OF ADELA transported to Britain.

now came

This

FOLLCWEES.

95

was a mistake,

step

the beginning of the end.

said, could

Then

to Missellia (Marseilles).

came the Gauls out of the Mediterranean Sea with to Cadiz,

ships

Britain

;

for

Kalta, who, people

go as easily on the water as on the land, went

mainland and on

to the

S

and along

our coasts, and

all

fell

their

upon

but they could not make any good footing there,

because the government was powerful and the exiles were

But now came Kalta and

Frisians.

still

born

free,

and

for small oifences have

own improvement, but

for your

under

my

will

care,

come away.

watch over you.

like lightning,

:

Tou were

been sent away, not

to get tin

my

If you wish to be free again, and take

and

said

by your labour. advice,

and

live

I will provide you with arms,

The news flew through the land

and before the

wheel had made

carrier's

one revolution she was mistress of

the Thyriers in all

all

She built herself

our southern states as far as the Seine.

a citadel on the high land to the north, and called Kaltasburgh. nak.

From

It

this

still

exists

castle

she

it

under the name of Kereruled

a true

as

mother,

against their will, not for her followers, but over them,

who were

The Gauls gradually

thenceforth called Kelts.

obtained dominion

over

the

whole

of Britain,

because they no longer had any citadel

they had there no Burgtmaagden

From

they had no real lamps. could not learn anything.

about

like

;

secondly, because

and

thirdly, because

these causes the people

They were stupid and

and having allowed the Gauls they were led

all

;

a

partly

to rob

them of

bull with

foolish,

their arms,

a ring

nose.

* SSjene is the Seine.

+

Kjlltana are the Celts.

in

his

THET BOK TH^RA ADELA FOLSTAR.

96

*

SKRIVA HO-T JON VRGVNGEN

Nv WILLATH WI

IS,

THIT STET TO TeXLAND SKeAvEN. 10 jer

Flymar

in-t

falla,

k^m was

thit

thrju skepa

fon hira

hrip ho-n-s^jen,

folk

tha,t

taiinga heth thju Moder

Middelse

k^mon hyr

brit was,

Jon w^i

§,fter

skrywa

Tha Jon antha

leten.

then m^ra thera Gola hin vral far ut

gvngen, alsa hi an theri kdd fon tha heinda KrSkalanda n§,rne

f^lich

Lydia,

thit

Hi

nere.

Lyda

is

his

m§,nniska fata hjam kni Thyrhis,

men Minerva

st^k thus mith sinum flate nei lS,nd,

th^r wildon tha swarta

To tha

^ta.

seide hald of,

hwand

olangne vrpest thrvch tha prestera. Tunis ofstamed, s4 wileter harden,

en kS,ning wilde

hS,ve thSr

As

men

thju tha prestera

til

gode up hejad, to

S,fte

hoda r^wa, n^idam

was, kvndon wi-t navt wither wina,

wr^ka

Krekalandum,

Minerva

to lesten

men

skil

k^mon

by skin nSn

frfise to

swor

alle

mSst

vmbe wider

l&f

thS,t bjustre

th6r biliwa wilde

Hir

s^ide

feta etta minna,

fonth mS,n hja navt

skSpa to bisluta, S,nd thach w^ron to gane.

ther forth wilde mith sin sp^r S,nd f6ne

hwa

fSre

fara forstum nach pres-

hlipon

rum noch vmbe

n6i Minerva,

skip to

men Jon

hja fondon thSr en havesmvda.

thach tha hja inner have

to hropande,

thS,t

hja by en land

terum n^dich wesa, n^idam hja algadur

alle to

lirgnisse

Tha nacht k6m k^rde Jon n^i tha

thervr.

skryl ut sa,

hir is thju loft

Thi kS.ning was fon

hja nv Thyr ^fter bek w^re, kemon, tha

Thyriar en skip uta fer

hja et

alderlangne n^i hjara bigrip

were, alsa hede hja Tiinis to en sinra folgar.

k^mon

lesta

willinglik

dede

Alsa gvng Jon thS,t

bi-m skdra wilde.

alsa.

men tha jonggoste

ThS,t

grateste

stjurar

jongk

folk

Minerva d61

gvng

gvngon by Jon.

;

THE BOOK OF ADBLA'S FOLLOWERS.

Now WB

It

Ten years ships in

the

blessing

!)

HOW

SHALL WRITE

FARED WITH JoN.

IT

INSCRIBED AT TeXLAND.

is

after

97

Jon went away, there

Flymeer

and from

Huzza

the people cried

;

arrived three !

(What a

mother had

their s the

this

written.

When

Jon reached the Mediterranean Sea, the reports of

the Gauls had preceded him, so that on the nearest Italian coast he

was nowhere

fleet straight

to catch

safe.

over to Lybia.

them and

eat them.

but Min-erva said, Keep long poisoned by the of Teunis, as

At

last they

men wanted

came

clear, for here the air

priests.

to Tyre,

has been

The king was a descendant

we were afterwards informed

;

but as the

wished to have a king, who, according to their

priests ideas,

Therefore he went with his

There the black

was of long descent, they

vexation of his followers.

deified Teunis,

to the

After they had ed, Tj^re, the

Tyrians seized one of the rearmost ships, and as the ship

was too

far

behind us, we could not take

but Jon swore to be revenged for

back again

it

When

it.

night came,

Jon bent his course towards the distant Krekalanden.

'

last they arrived at a country that looked very barren,

they found

a harbour there.

At but

Here, said Min-erva, we need

not perhaps have any fear of princes or priests, as they

When

always look out for rich fat lands.

they entered

the harbour, there was not room for all the ships, and yet

most of the people were too cowardly

Then Jon, who wished

to get away,

to go any further.

went with

and banner, calling to the young people, to volunteer to share his adventures. thing, but she wished to remain

his spear

know who would

Min-erva did the same

there.

The greater part

stopped with Min-erva, but the young sailors went with Jon.

THBT BOK th:&ra adela folstae.

98

Jon nam there foddik fon Ka.lta and hira famna mitha, and Minerva hild hira ajn foddik and hira ajn famna. Bitwiska tha ferum and heinda Krgkalandum fand Jon

svma elanda

ther

im

gvng-er inna

likte, *vppet grateste

Fon uta Manda gvng-er ut wrSka tha Thyrjar skepa and landa birawa, thervmbe send tha Slanda evin blyd Eawer elanda, tha walda twisk that berchta en burch bvwa.

litha

as Jonhis elanda* heten.

Tha Minerva that land bisjan hede, that thrvch tha inhemar Attika is heten, sach hju that that folk al jeita hoder weron, hja hildon hjara lif mith flesk, krudum, Hja wSron mith felum wilde wotelum and hvning. tekad and hju hSdon hjara skula vppa hellinga th^ra Th^rthrvch send hja thrvch vs folk Hellinggar

bergum. heten.

That forma gvngon hja vppa run, tha as hja sagon that wi navt ne t^ldon nei hjara skat, tha kSmon hja tobek and Minerva frejde jef wi vs in there leton grate ^tskip blika.

minna machte

nither setta.

That wrde to staden vnder

biding that wi skolde helpa hjam with hjara swetsar stridande,

kemon

ther alan

nia t heten

:

Vppa

hwand

to wetane, that

send,

men

lik

tha after

4tha vntfongen.

burch wrochton kemon tha

forsta,

that wi nen slavona hede, sind er til

arhalf

r^d Minervas warth hju Athe-

seide hju,

wi hir navt thrvch

an Minerva blika,

to

sk^kana and

to

Tha bvwadon wi ene burch

hjara skat to r^wana. p&l fon ther have.

hjara bern

kvmand

lest ner

agon

weld kvmen

Dahwile wi an

th^re

nv sagon sok navt, and 16ton-t as hja hja

thju hja tochton that en forstene

Men Minerva

freja, ho bist wel an thina slavona kvHja andere, svme havath wi kapad, 6ra anna strid wnnen. Minerva seide, sahwersa ninman manneska"k^pja nilda sa ne skolde ninman jvw bern rawa and i ne skolda

w6re.

men ?

* Jonhis Slanda, Insulae Joniae, Inaulae piratarum, t

Atheuia, Athens.

THE BOOK OF ADELA

FOLLOWERS.

S

99

Jon took the lamp of Kalta and her maidens with him. Min-erva retained her lamp and her own maidens. Between the near and the distant coasts of Italy Jon found some islands, which he thought desirable.

Upon

the largest he built a city in the

wood between made expeditions for Tengeance on the Tyrians, and plundered their ships and their lands. Therefore these islands the mountains.

were

called

From

the smaller islands he

Piratarum,

Insulse

as

well

as

Johannis

InsulEe.

"When Min-erva had examined the country which is called by the inhabitants Attica, she saw that the people were all goatherds, and that they lived on meat, wild roots, herbs, and honey. They were clothed in skins, and had their dwellings on the slopes (Jiellinga) of the hills, wherefore they were called Hellingers.

when they found

that

we

At

they ran away, but

did not attack them, they came

back and showed great friendship.

might

iirst

settle there peaceably.

Min-erva asked

if

we

This was agreed to on the

we should help them to fight against their neighbours, who came continually to carry away their chilThen we built a citadel dren and to rob their dwellings. condition that

By the advice of an hour's distance from the harbour. called Athens, because, she said, those Min-erva it was

at

who come

after us

ought to know that we are not here by

cunning or violence, but were received

as friends {dtha).

we were building the citadel the principal personages came to see us, and when they saw that we had no slaves it did not please them, and they gave her to understand it, as they thought that she was a princess. But Min-erva said. How did you get your slaves ? They answered, "We bought some and took others in war. Min-erva replied, If nobody would buy slaves they would "While

—

* Jonhis dlanda John's Islands, or the Pirates' is Athens.

+ Athenia

Isles.

THET BOK ThIIRA ADBLA FOLSTAK.

100

thervr nen orloch h&ve, wilst thus vsa harlinga biliwa sk

mot-i tliina sMvona fry

ISta.

That nv willath tha forsta navt, hja willath vs wei

Men

driwa.

tha klokeste hjarar Ijuda kvmath helpa vsa burch

ta

bvmande, thSr wi nv fon stSu makja. Thit is thju skednesse fon Jon §,nd Minerva.

As

hja that

denesse

vm

nw

yrsene burchwepne,

hwand seidon

As hju theran

hja vsa letha

stemad h^de,

to

erbja-

h&ve, skillon wi ra wel

send weldioh, tha sa wi efta wapne wither worda.

mith

ella tellad hede, frejath hja

frejath tha

Ijuda jef tha Fryas seda to Athenia S,nd tha ora Krekalanda

Moder andere,

bloja skolde, thju

to tha erva Fryas hera,

jef tha fere Krekalanda:

alsa skilum hja ther bloja, ne

herath hja navt ther to, alsa skil ther lang over kimpad

wrda mote, hwand thene kroder

skil jeva fifthusand jer

mith sin Jol ommehl4pa, bifara th&t Findas folk fara

frydom

sy.'^^

Thit Thfi,

rip to

is

over tha

GliRTMAinsrA.

Hellenja jefta Minerva sturven was, tha biradon tha

prestera as jef hja mith vs w^ron,

til

thju that hel blika

skolde havon hja Hellenia to-ne godene ute keth.

Ak

nildon hja nene ore Moder kjasa leta, to segande, hja h^de frese that er

emong

god kvnde trowa

Men

as

hira

famna nimman were,

ther hja sa

Minerva ther Nyhellenia tonomt

wi nildon Minerva navt as ene godene navt

neidam hja selva seid hede that nimman god wesa ne kvnde th&n Wr.aldas

gS,st.

Gert Pire his toghater to vsa Moder

was.

bik§,nna,

jefta fvlkvma

Therumbe keron wi ut.

As tha prestera sagon that hja hjara hering navt vp vsa fjvr breda ne mochton, tha gvngon hja buta Athenia S,nd seidon * Vervolg hier het verhaal van

bl.

48-66.

THE BOOK OF ADELA'S FOLLOWERS.

101

not steal your children, and you would have no wars ahout If you wish to remain our allies,

it.

The

slaves.

chiefs did not like this,

you

will free your

and wanted

to drive

us away; but the most enlightened of the people came and helped us to build our citadel, which was built of stone. This

is

When

the history of Jon and of Min-erva.

they had finished their story they asked respect-

weapons;

fully for iron

but this

if

for, said they,

we have good arms we

had been agreed

toms would

flourish in

to, the

our foes are powerful,

people asked if Frya's cus-

Athens and in other parts of Greece

The mother answered. If the

(Krekalanden).

When

can^ withstand them.

distant

Greeks belong to the direct descent of Frya, then they will flourish

;

but

if

they do not descend from Frya, then

there will be a long contention about

must make

five

it,

because the carrier

thousand revolutions of his Juul before

Finda's people will be ripe for liberty.

This

When

is

about the Geeetmbn.

Hellenia or Min-erva died, the priests pretended

to be with us, and in order to make deified Hellenia.

They refused

to

it

appear

erva,

whom

they

have any other mother

chosen, saying that they feared there was no one

maidens

so,

among her

they could trust as they had trusted Min-

surnamed Nyhellenia.

But we would not recognise Min-erva

as a goddess, be-

cause she herself had told us that no one could be perfectly

good except the

spirit

of Wr-alda.

Geert Pyre's daughter for our mother.

Therefore

When

we chose

the priests

saw that they could not fry their herrings on our fire (have everything their own way), they left Athens, and said that we * Here follows the narrative contained in pages from 48 to 56.

THET BOK

102

THifeRA

ADELA FOLSTAE,

that wi Minerva navt to-ne godene bik&,na nilda ut nyd, vmbe

thathju tha inh^mar hja that

sS,

biw§sen hede.

ful Ijafde

Forth javoa

byldnisse fon hira liknese, tjugande that hja

foljc

th^rlan ella fr^ja machte alsa naka hja h6roch bilewon,

Thrvch

warth th&t dvma folk fon

al thissa tellinga

of k6rad S.nd to tha lesta fylon hja vs to

twam hornum om

vsa st^ne burchwal mith

Men wi

lif.

vs

hfidon

t6jen al to tha

Hja ne machton vs thervmbe navt n&ka. Thachhwat s^. b^rde, an Egiptalanda th^r were en overprester, hel fon agnum, kUr fon bryn 4nd licht fon g^st, sin nS,m w^re S6krops,* hy kfim

vmb

r6d to jSvane.

As S^krops

sach

mith sinum Ijuda vsa wal navt biranna ne kv, tha, Aftern^i k§mon er thrja sand hi bodon nei Thyrhis. that er

hvndred skipun vnwarlinga vsa

vppa wallum

fvl salt-^tha fon tha wilde berchfolkum

hfi,va biftlra,

dahwila

wy mith

alle

mannum

to strydande w6ron.

Dr6i as hja thju h4va innomth hSde wildon tha wilda salt-atha th&t thorp

&nd vsa skipa bir^wa.

hede al en bukja skind,

men

En

salt-dthe

Sekrops wilde thkt navt ne

h&ngja, and tha Thyrjar stjurar ther jeta Fryas blod iutlif

hede seidon, aste that d^iste

sS,

skilun wi tha r4de h6ne

in

vsa skypa st6ka 4nd thv ne skilst thina berga na withera-

Sekrops tham navt ne hilde ni fon morthja nor fon hommelja, sand bodon n6i G6rt vmbir tha burch of to askja, sja.

hju machtfrya uttochte h^ mith

ande h^va, hira folgar alsa 61

god sjande

thl,t

fiil.

al hira dry wande i,nd bSrTha wista thera burchhSrum

hja tha burch navt i&lda ne kvnde,

gaw to bitta, bi fira Sekrops wodin bigvnde, thr6 mfinatha 4fter brude G^rt

r^den Gert hja skolde

wrde

S-nd overs

hinne mith tha alder besta Fryas bern §,nd sjugum wara twilf skypum. Tha hja en stut buta thgre have w^ron kS-

mon

ther wel thritich skSpon fon Thyrhis mit wif and bern. Hja wilde n^i Ath^nia g&, tha as hja h^rdon ha-t thfir eskSpen stande gvngon hja mit Gert. Thi w^tking th^ra * sekrops, Ceorops.

THE BOOK OF ADELA S FOLLOWERS.

103 I

refused to acknowledge Min-erra as a goddess out of envy,

because she had shown so

much

affection to the natives.

Thereupon they gave the people statues of her, declaring that they might ask of them whatever they liked, as long

By these kinds of tales the stupid people were estranged from us, and at last they as they were obedient to her.

attacked us

;

but as we had built our stone city wall with

two horns down

and behold

to the sea, they could not get at us.

Then,

an Egyptian high priest, bright of eye, clear of brain, and enlightened of mind, whose name was Cecrops, came to give them advice. lo

!

When

he saw that with his people he could not storm our wall, he sent messengers to Tyre. Thereupon there arrived three hundred ships full of wild mountain soldiers,

which sailed unexpectedly into our haven while we were defending the walls. When they had taken our harbour, the wild soldiers wanted to plunder the village and our

—

—

ships one had already ravished a girl but Cecrops would not permit it ; and the Tyrian sailors, who still had Frisian blood in their veins, said. If you do that we will burn our ships, and you shall never see your mountains again. Cecrops, who had no inclination towards murder or

devastation, sent messengers to Geert, requiring her

up the citadel, offering her free exit with all her and dead property, and her followers the same. The

to give live

wisest of the citizens, seeing that they could not hold the citadel,

advised Geert to accept at once, before Cecrops

became furious and changed

his

mind.

Three months

afterwards Geert departed with the best of Frya's sons,

and seven times twelve the harbour they

fell in

ships.

Soon

after they

had

left

with at least thirty ships coming

from Tyre with women and

children.

They were on

their way to Athens, but when they heard how things

stood there they went

with

Geert.

* Sekrops is Cecrops,

The sea-king of

THET BOK TH|:RA ADELA FOLSTAE.

104

Tliyrjar brocht algadur thrvch tha str^te * thgr

tida

vppa tha r^de

that

is

s6 uthlip.

ia vsa spreke

fif

Et leste l^ndon hja et Pangab,

w^tervm, vmbe that

Hyr

hiri nSi tha s6 to str^me.

mith

vnder thisse

fif

Thene k6-

That l&nd hiivon hja Gertmannja heton.

nithar.

ning fon Thyrhis

rinstr^ma

seton hja'hjara selva

S,fternei sjande that sin alderbesta stjurar

wei brit -w^ren sand al sin skipa mith sina wilde saltatha

vmb-er dad str6te lif

k6m

th^r vppa, s^

S,nd that alle

h^g

wata

mannalik

An tha J^ea

hj§,

by

thfire

hira

N6i that wi

en burchwalto farabjam-"

§,nd skorra lik

liel §,nd

klar

m6i

sja.

1000 and 6t n^i Aldland svnken

in twilif j6r tid

BuECH

is,

is

WRITEN.

nen Krekalandar

to

Alman-

Mde, kemon th6r thrju sk6pa sa syrlik as wi nto h^don §,nd to fara nimmer nede sjan. Vppet storoste th^ra Sin nome wSre w6re-n k^ning th6ra Jhonhis 61andum. Ulysus S-nd tha hrop ovir sin wisdom gr&t. This kSning sjkn

was thrvch ene presteresse fors^id, that er k^ning wertha skolde ovir alia Krekalanda sa-r red wiste vmbe-n foddik to krejande, ther vpsteken

Vmbe-r

was anda foddik

it

Texland.

to fensane heder f§le ski,ta mith brocht, boppa

femne syrhedum,

alsa

ther

wralda navt

in

ella

skfinener

Hja kemon fon Troja en stede tham tha Krekalandar innimth hedon. Al thissa ska.ta bad hi tha Moder an, men thju Moder nilde n&rne fon neta. As er

makad

wrde.

to lesta sa, that hjn

navt to winne were, gvng er nei

Walhallagara. |

Ther was en f^m seten, hjra nome * StrSte, tbans hersteld ala Kanaal van Suez.

+ 219-1005 = 1188

v.

i

that al at weter to there strete utMip,

THIT VPP-INA ASTEKWACH IT FeYAS

Mnd

as

Forth h6f irtha

That skede over tha GSrtmanna hjara diigdaUk

vp reson. as allera

Men

jefta l^vand to fatane.

bfivadon bede sS S,nd irtha.

Chr.

were

K&t, tha

Pangab, de Indus. + Wallahagai-a, Waloheren.

THE BOOK OF ADELA'S FOLLOWERS.

105

them altogether through the

the Tyrians brought

strait

which at that time ran into the Red Sea (now re-established as the Suez Canal). At last they landed at the Punjab, called in our language the Five Eivers, because five rivers flow

and

Here they settled, The King of Tyre afterwards,

together to the sea.

called it Geertmania.

seeing that all his best sailors were gone, sent

with his wild soldiers to catch them, dead or they arrived at the

both the sea and the

The land was upheaved

trembled.

ran out of the

strait,

like a rampart.

/

strait,

ships

all his

alive.

When earth

so that all the water

and the muddy shores were raised up

This happened on of the virtues

of the Geertmen, as every one can plainly understand.

In the Ybab One thousand and five after Atland

WAS submerged,

this

was inscribed on the

Eastern Wall of Frtasburgt. After twelve years had elapsed without our seeing any

MtfetBs in Almanland, there came three ships, finer than

any that we possessed

or had ever seen. them was a king of the Jonischen Islands whose name was Ulysses, the fame of whose wisdom was great. To him a priestesg had prophesied that he should become the king of all ^^My provided he could obtain a lamp that had been lighted at the lamp in Texland. For this purpose he had brought great treasures with him, above all, jewels for women more beautiful than had ever been seen before. They were from Troy, a town that the Greeks had taken. All these treasures he offered to

On

the largest of

the mother, but the mother would have nothing to do with

them.

At

last,

when he found that

there was nothing to be

got from her, he went to Walhallagara (Walcheren). There there was established a

Burgtmaagd whose name was Kaat,

_______^

i

t 219a-1005 '

is

1188 before Christ. *

_«__

-

* StrSte, at present restored as the Suez Canal,

Pangab

J Walhallagara

is

is

the Indus.

Walcheren.

K

THET BOK TH^EA ADELA FOLSTAR.

106

inna wandel wrde hju Kalip* heten ut hawede that hjara vnderlip

as en

utkikbored

Th^rby hetb

farutstS,k.

tbam

jeron hwilth to ^rgenisse fon al

et

er

NSi

-wiston.

famna hrop heth er to lesta en foddik fon hir kr^jen, tha hja heth im navt ne b^t, hwand as er in s6 kem is sin skip vrgvngon a.nd by naked §,nd blat vpnimth thrvch tha

thera

6thera skepa.

Fon

thisse

kening

hyr en skryver S,fterbilewen fon

is

ren Fryas blod, b§-rn to there neie have fon Athenia

hwat hyr folgath bet er vs fon ovir Athenia therut mei m&n bisluta, bo wer tbja Moder sproken hetb, tha hja seide

§,nd

skrev-en,

Hel-licbt

Fryas sSda to Athenia

tb&,t

nen stand bolde ne kvste.

Fon tha

othera Krekalander hetste sekur

Sekrops hered, hwand

hi were in

kw§,d ovir

fill

Men

nen gode hrop.

ik

d4r segse, hi were-n lichte man, hachlik romed alsa ser bi

tha inhemar as wel bi

vs,

hwand

gedsSm

vmbe

tha

hi were

dii-

hi were navt

m§,nniska to diapana sa tha 6ra prestera,

men

wisdom thera ferhemanda folkum Thervmbe that er that wiste, hede-r vs to stonden that wi machte leva nei vs ajn elik Segabok. Tber gvng en telling that er vs nygen were, nei

lind hi wist tha

werde

vmbe

to

sl5;&,tande.

that er tjucht wesa skolde ut en Fryaske mangSrte

&,nd JEgiptiska prester, S,nd

that er

uthawede that

mangerta fon vs

fill

ovir Egiptalande vrsellath. jecbt.

Ho-t thermei

sy,

Tha

er

bl4we &ga hede,

sk&kt weron

sekur

that

is-t

was,

to

mfi,kjande,

vs

m^ra

Men

gvngon sina neimanninga

vsa ewa torena S,nd bi that er

fon frydom ha navt

grMum to

in

semne.

er

athskip biwes as alle 6thera prestum to as er fallen

i,nd

selva heth er nimmerte

airing au

sa felo mislikanda

16nge lesta

6wers as tha

fon

skin

elik

k§i-a

sa kud

§,nd tha

noma

Forth nildon hja navt ne daja that-a setma an ekrift brocht wrde, hwerthrvch tha witskip th6ra far

vrbilef.

* Kalip, bij

Homerua

Kalipso.

;

THE BOOK OF ADELA'S FOLLOWERS.

107

but who was commonly called Kalip, because her lower

Here he

stuck out like a mast-head. the scandal of

all

that

knew

it.

tarried for

lip

j'^ears,

to

According to the report

of the maidens, he obtained a lamp from her but it did him no good, because when he got to sea his ship was lost, and he was taken up naked and destitute by another ;

ship.

There was

left

behind by this king a writer of pure of Athens,

who

wrote for us what follows about Athens, from which

may

Frya's blood, born in the

be seen

how

new harbour

when she

truly the mother Hel-licht spoke

said that the customs of Frya could never take firm hold

in Athens.

From

the other Greeks you will have heard a great deal

of bad about Oecrops, because he was not in good repute

but I dare affirm that he was an enlightened man, very

renowned both among the inhabitants and among

priests,

and

wisdom of

dis-

Knowing that, he permitted us to own Asegaboek. There was a story

cur-

he was against oppression, unlike the other

was

virtuous,

and knew how

tant nations.

according to our

us, for

to value the

live

rent that he was favourable to us because he was the son of a Frisian girl and an Egyptian priest this was that he had blue eyes, and that

had been stolen and sold firmed

this.

However

it

tear

up our

When

the reason of

our girls

to Egypt, but he never con-

may have

been, certain

he showed us more friendship than together.

:

many of

all

it is

that

the other priests

he died, his successors soon began to

charters,

and gradually

to enact so

many

un-

suitable statutes that at long last nothing remained of

shadow and the name. Besides, they would not allow the laws to be written, so that the knowledge Formerly all the cases in of them was hidden from us.

liberty but the

* Kalip, called

by Homer

Kalipao.

THET BOK THEEA ADELA FOLSTAE.

108

To

vs forborgen w§,rth.

henia in vsa

tS,l

fira

wrdon

alle

bithongon, §,ftern6i most et in beda

sken §,nd to lesta allena in tba landis jera

s^kum binna Att§,la

In tba erosta

tal.

nam that manfolk to Atbenia enkel wiva fon vs men that jongkfolk vpwoxen mitha mangerta

ajn ther

slacht,

namen ther ^k fon. Tha b^stera bern tham therof kemon weron tha skensta §,nd snodsta in wralda, men

lands^ton

To hinkande vr byde

hja weron ak tha §,rgsta.

mMande

vm

her

seda ner

vm

plega, hit ne sy that et were

Alsa n^ka ther jeta-n

for hjara ajne held.

syda, to

as g^st weldande were w4rth al et

bvwspul

strel fon Fry-

to

mena werka

forwrochten §,nd nimm&,n ne mocht en bus to bvwande, th&t rumer S.nd riker were as

svme vrbastere et

stedjar

sulver, th&t

th&,t

Tha tM

sinra nestum.

rik weron thrvch vs f&ra

i,nd thrvch

tha sMvona uta sulverlona wnnoD, tha

gvngon hja buta vppa hellinga

jefta inda

hema.

dela

Ther beftha h&ga wallum fon 16f tha fon sten bvwadon hja hova mith kestlik husark,

&nd vmbe by tha wla

trum in en goda hrop to wesande, stS,ndon hja ther drochten likanda lind vntuchtiga bilda

prestrum §,nd forstum wrdon tha knapa gert as tha toghatera,

weld fon th§,t

et

tha wla

al

tomet mS,ra

knd f&ken thrvch rika

jefta thrvch

pad there diiged ofhleid.

N^idam rikdom by

vrbrude hud vrbasterde slachte fer bvppa diiged kni

^re jelde, sach mS,n altomet

ruma

kn^pa tham hjara

rika klatar syradon, hjara aldrum

skSnda

§,nd hjara

kvnna

to spot.

aldera to Athenia vppe there

thervr bira,

en

By

in.

pres-

falska

sS,

sSmomma

land anda sn4ka, vrftga

hwMn

ne m6i.

^nd fdmna

Kemon

Alsa

is

to

vsa enfalda

acht §,nd wildon hja

warth ther hropen, hark, hark, ther

ketha.

hfite

mena

selva mit

skil

AthSnia wrdon 61ik en brok-

landa, fol blodsiigar, pogga S.ad feniniga

n§n m&,nniske fon herde sSdum sin

fot navt

THE BOOK OF ADELA'S FOLLOWERS. Athens were pleaded

109

in our language, but afterwards in

both languages, and at last in the native language only.

At

men

the

first

own

race, but the

girls of the

of Athens only married

young men

women

of our

grew up with the

as they

country took them to wife.

The bastard

chil-

dren of this connection were the handsomest and cleverest in the world

;

but they were likewise the wickedest, waver-

ing between the two parties, paying no regard to laws or

customs except where they suited their own long as a ray of Frya's materials were for

spirit existed,

common

the building

and no one might build

use,

a house larger or better than his neighbours

some degenerate townspeople got

by the

rich

behind high enclosures of

good odour with the nasty

likenesses of false gods

or

hills

built palaces with costly furniture,

in

;

but when

by sea-voyages and

silver that their slaves got in the silver countries,

they went to live out on the There,

As

interests.

all

in

trees

the

and in order

priests,

and unchaste

valleys.

or walls, to

they

remain

they placed there

Sometimes

statues.

the dirty priests and princes wished for thq boys rather

than the

girls,

and often led them astray from the paths

of virtue by rich presents or by force.

were more valued by this

lost

Because riches

and degenerate race than

virtue or honour, one sometimes saw boys

in

dressed

splendid flowing robes, to the disgrace of their parents

and maidens, and

to the

simple parents came

made

shame of

their

own

sex.

to a general assembly at

complaints, a cry was raised, Hear, hear

sea-monster going to speak.

Such

a morass in a tropical country poisonous snakes, in which no set his foot.

full

man

is

If our

Athens and !

there

Athens become,

is

a

like

of leeches, toads, and of decent habits can

THET BOK THEEA ADELA FOLSTAR.

110

ThIT STAT IN AL VSA BUEGA.

Ho

vsa

DSnemarka*

fara vs vl^reu

jert n^i Aldland vrgongen

Magy

dertenhed was thene

Wra

astardel.

gvngon 1600 Und

2

Thrvch Wodins dor &nd

is,

bas wrden ovir SkSnlandis

berga S,nd wr-n se ne tvrade hi navt ne

Thju Moder wildet navt werha, hja sprek kaie keth, ik sja nen frese an sina wepne, men wel vmbe tha

kvma.

Skenlander wer to nimmande, thrvchdam hja bastered kni vrd6ren sind. is-t

im

Vppa m6na

to wandelja

man

acht tochte

Thervmbe

alen.

Grat 100 j6r l^denbyondon tha D^nemarkar

ISten.

Hja jevon him ysere wSpne Ind

mith hjam.

rgdskip thSr fori wandeldon hja golden syrhedon bijunka

k&per &nd yserirtha.

Thju Moder sand bodon

hja skolde thju wandel fara 16ta.

§.nd rSd-er,

Th^r wSre

frfise seide

hju fori hjara sedum, §,nd bitham hja hjara s^de vrl^ren,

th&n skolde hja 4k hjara frydom

markar n^de name &ra hjara s6de vrbrude navt.

To 16nga

lesta thi,t

brochton hja

forma skip mit liftochta fona

dei that et

spr6da

Ijafde

ew6i.

in

Hjara

hjara arka jSr eftere

kM faren was,

lek thrvch tha anderna binna, honger

sina wjvka

blip stolte

men

Krek hondred

spynton S.nd skvra wrdon Mtoch.

hja

wepne ^nd

ajne

kwS.d wrocht hjara g^ia.

lichSma wrdon bil^den mei blik §,nd skin,

kSm ermode &nd

tha DSne-

navt bigrippa that

thSrvmbe ne meldon hja

kvste,

Men

liftochta w^i.

Men

vrljasa.

nei, hja nilda

&nd strSk vppet land

overe streta

forth

§,nd

del,

twispalt

to tha husa

in,

ne kv n§n stek longer navt finda S,nd Sntracht run Th§,t

b&rn wilde

6ta

fon

sina

mim

lind

thju

mS,m h^de wel syrhedon tha n6n ^ta. Tha wiva k^mqn to hjara manna, thissa gvngon n6i tha gr^va, thaigrfiva nfidon selva nawet of hildou-t skul. Nw most mS,n tha syrh6don

vrsella,

*

men

thawila

D6na marka, de

t 2193-1602 = 591

tha

lage markeu. v.

Chr.

stjurar

thfirmSi

THE BOOK OF ADELa's FOLLOWERS.

This

How

our

Ill

inscribed in all our Citadels.

is

Denmark was

lost to us

1602 years

after the

Through the mad wantonness of "Wodin, Magy had become master of the east part of Scandinavia. They dare not come over the hills and over the sea. The mother would not prevent it. She said, I see no danger in their weapons, but much in taking the submersion of Atland.

Scandinavians back again, because they are so degenerate spoilt. The general assembly were of the same

and

opinion.

years

Therefore

was

it

left to

Denmark began

ago

iron weapons in

and

exchanga

A

him.

trade

to

;

good hundred

they gave

their

for gold, ornaments, as well as

The mother sent messengers to advise them to have nothing to do with this trade. There was danger to their morals in it, and if they lost their for copper

iron-ore.

morals they would soon lose their liberty.

markers paid no attention to

But the Den-

They did not

her.

believe

that they could lose their morals, therefore they would not

At

listen to her.

last they

were at a loss themselves for

weapons and necessaries, and

difficulty

was

their

Their bodies were brilliantly adorned, but

punishment.

and

their cupboards

hundred years from the

this

their sheds

were empty.

Just one

after the first ship with provisions sailed

coast, poverty

hunger spread her wings

and want made all

their appearance,

over the country, dissension

marched proudly about the streets and into the houses, The child charity found no place, and unity departed. asked its mother for food ; she had no food to give, only The women applied to their husbands, the jewels. husbands appealed to the counts; the counts had nothing

Now

to

give,

the jewels

or

if

they had,

must be

sold,

they hid

but

while

* Dgna marka, the low marclies.

t 2193-1602 18.591 years before Christ.

it

away.

the

sailors

THET BOK TH^EA ADELA FOLSTAK.

112

w6i brit w^ron

wra

strete.

thSr

wr

kem

Tha

frost §,nd l^i-n

pl6nk del vppa

frost thju brigge r^d b^de, stop

to-t land ut §,nd vrSd

klywade vpper

s6 §,nd

wakandon s6tel.

In

stede fon tha owera to biwakande spandon hja hjara horsa for hjara

Tha Sk^n-

togum ind runon n6i Skenland thL

lander, tham ney weron nei that land hjarar 6thla k^mon riSi

tha D^nemarkum.

Nw s6idon

Vppen

helle nacht kenion hja

alia.

hja that hja rjucht hede vppet land hjarar ethlon

m&n

S,nd thahwil that

thervr

kimpade kemon tha Finna

in tha l^toga thorpa S,nd runadon

mith tha bern

ewSi,

Thertrvch §,nd that hja nen goda w^pne navt nSdon,

dM

hjam tha k4sa vrljasa §-nd thermei hjari frydom, hwand thene Magy wrde has. That k^m that hja Fryas tex navt l^sde lind hira redjSvinga warlased hede.

Ther send svme th^r m^ne that hja thrvch tha vrreden send, that tha f4mna

hvam

sa

Bmorath mith golden kedne.

men

ordel to fellande, sere

vppa wisdom

16ng sp^rath hSdon, tha

tham

Wi

j^r

et

jvwa Forsta,

ni fon

halda sa mot allera mannalik

mena

held.

neidam kem thene Magy selva mith en

kanum, tha Moder fon Texland

lichte

to

wi^willath jo tohropa, ne l^n navt to

ovir sin ajna tochta §,nd for-t

Twa

mvla wrdon

is

ne miigan thervr nSn

S.nd diiged ni fon

jowa famna, hwand skel

waka

thS,t

sa ther vr ketha wilde,

grfiva

§,nd

fl^te fon

tha foddik

to-

r&.wane. Th§,s S,rge sSke bistonde-r thes nachtis

storne

tydum

fStere.

as

wind guide

Tha

sin

drei as et Ijucht fon 6r tore vppet ronddel

falda, sa-r that al f61o

ISt.

§,ad hSjel to jenst tha anderna

Thi utkik ther m^nde thater awet hSrde st&k

balle vp.

Nw

anda winter by

wSpende manna wra burchwal wSron.

gvng-er to vmbe tha klokke to lettane, tha et w^re !]&r

to

tha w6re r6d w6re, weron al twa thusand ina wer

vmbe tha

porte to

rammande.

Strid hwilde thervmbe kirt,

THE BOOK OF ADELa's FOLLOWEES.

113

were away for that purpose, the frost came and laid a plank upon the sea and the strait (the Sound). When the

had made the bridge, vigilance ceased in the land,

frost

and treachery took

Instead of watching on the

its place.

shores, they put their horses in their sledges

and drove off Then the Scandinavians, who hungered

to Scandinavia.

the land of their forefathers, came to

after

One bright night they

Now, they

came.

all

a right to the land of our fathers

about

fighting villages

the

it,

and ran away with the

good weapons, they

to the

dom, and Magy became master.

defenceless

As they had no

children.

lost the battle,

we have

and while they were

;

came

Finns

Denmark.

said,

and with

it

their free-

All this was the conse-

quence of their not reading Frya's Tex, and neglecting her counsels.

There are some

who think

that they were

betrayed by the counts, and that the maidens had long suspected his

;

but

any one attempted to speak about

if

mouth was shut by golden

We you. or

it

chains.

we can only say to the wisdom of your princes

can express no opinion about

Do

much

not trust too

of your maidens

straight, everybody

;

but

it,

to if

it,

you wish

must watch over

his

to

keep things

own

ions, as

well as the general welfare.

Two

years afterwards

Magy

himself came with a

fleet

of

light boats to steal the

lamp from the mother of Texland.

This wicked

accomplished one

deed

he

stormy winter

night, while the wind roared and the hail rattled against

The watchman on the tower hearing the As soon as the light from the noise, lighted his torch. the windows.

tower

fell

upon the

bastion, he

men had got over the wall. He immediately gave the

saw that already armed

alarm, but

it

was too

late.

Before the guard was ready, there were two thousand people battering the gate.

The struggle did not

last long.

THET BOE ThIIRA ADELA FOLSTAE.

114

hwand thrvchdam tha w6ra navt n^n gode wacht ufede,

k^raon

Hwil that alrek drok Fin to there

fl^te jefta

and wilde hja

bedrum fon

swSrd to

sw^fde-n blawe logha.

As

wer that hju

f&st

Thi

nw

hjii

sprfeka

en wla

inglupth, that er

ThS,-r wither vpa

in segsande, nilst

kSm

After im

min

en skiper

sin swSrd §,nd hif thSne Fin

Therut

thrvch sina hole.

buk

ha.

nam

fona Denemarka, thisse

skip forpldgja.

ir

min sw6rd

kul navt sa skilst

thfir

Moder

thfire

Tha thju Moder w6rd-im of

nfidgja.

er sin

was

to k§.mpane w6re,

bekward toj^nst tha w&ch strumpelde. h^n w^re stek

halden

om.

alle

flat

Magy

blod S,nd th^rvr

swart

I6t thju

Moder vpa

sinra

wither alsa fere hSl S,nd b^ter

machte, seide thene

Magy

that

hju mith f^ra moste, tha that hju hira foddik kni f^mna

halda skolde, that hju en

na n6de kenth.

fara

in ajnwarde fon

sta.t

skolde nyta

sinum

S,nd bijechta most,

As

sterva leta.

gadurad hede

folkra Fryas.

To 16nga

lesta

&gun wrde minara

mith my. thju forma del

gvngon

skil

Fr^na dede

as

i

om

felo w6ja

ira ISger to

kl&,rsjande biste alle

Mnda

melde hja him

navt.

wertha over

^pende hju hira w6ra S,nde keth, min

thjustred,

s61e.

seide that hju that

Frdna vrmites

most m.enis segsa of ik m3,ster

And

Hi

owers skolde-r vnder

er th^r after al sinra forsta

frejer lud,

as hju to

hiri frfija skolde

master skolde wertha

forsta, jef er

over alle landa §,nd folkra Fryas. bijae

hich

s§.

Forth s&ide-r thit hi

tha that

Jes, ik sja-t.

6re

Hark

Ijucht dfigth vp in

Irtha §,nd w6s blyde

Vndera tydum that Aldland svnken sp^ke fon thet Jol an top. §,nd vsa

frydom mith tham.

is,

Thernei

As

er

stand is

hju

twa sp6ka

jeftha 2000 jer del truled het, s^ skilun'tha svna vpstonda

ther tha forsta a,nd prestera thrvch

h&ve, S,nd tojenst hjara

thrvch mort swika,

t4ta

men hwat

hordom

tjugha.

bi-t folk teled

Thi

alle

skilum

hja kfith hS,ve skil forth

THE BOOK OF ADELa's FOLLOWERS.

As

115

the guard had not kept a good watch, they were over-

While the

whelmed. into

stole

was going on, a

fight

rascally

Finn

chamber of the mother, and would have

the

done her violence.

She resisted him, and threw him down

against the wall.

When

through her

A

sword.

:

you

If

Danish

head in two.

will not have

soldier

Magy had

As

soon

the

Magy

as

she

have

shall

it

my

clave his

a stream of black blood

flame.

nursed on his own ship.

the mother

was well

her

told

me, you

came behind him and

There came from

and a wreath of blue The

he got up, he ran his sword

that

enough

must

she

speak

to

maidens, and

that she should keep her lamp and her

should hold a station

higher

clearly,

with him, but

sail

she had ever done

than

Moreover, he said that he should ask her, in pre-

before.

sence of all his chief men, if he would become the ruler of all the country and people of Frya; declare

and affirm

death.

Then, when he had gathered

this, or

he would

must

she

that

let her die

a painful

all his chiefs

around

her bed, he asked, in a loud voice, Frana, since you are

a prophetess, shall I become ruler over people of Frya?

him

Frana did

as if she took no notice of

are dim, but the other light

I see

it.

dawns upon

stood at the top.

with

said

my

Hear, Irtha, and rejoice with me.

of the submersion of Atland, the

dom

and

but at last she opened her lips,

;

the lands and

all

it.

After that

When

it

first

:

My

soul.

At

eyes

Yes,

the time

spoke of the Juul

went down, and our

free-

two spokes, or two thousand years,

shall have rolled down, the sons shall

arise

who have been

bred of the fornication of the princes and priests with the people, fall

and shall witness against their fathers. They shall all

by murder, but what they have proclaimed

shall endure.

.

THET EOK TH^RA ADELA FOLSTAE.

116

bilywa ind fruchdber wertha in-a bosme thera kloke min-

sedum

niska, alsa lik gode

Jeta

sk^t. al

tMsand

nyga

anda thjusternesse &nd in blod,

mS,ra syga

utstirt thrvch tha skil thet

ther del leid wrde in thinra

jer skil thju speke then del

Mga

ther forsta S.nd prestera.

morner^d wither anfanga

§,nd

ovir thi

Thernei

Thit sjande

to glora.

skilun tha falska forsta S,nd prester alsamen with frydom

kimpa &nd wla

pel.

men

woxelja,

skil-et folk in hjara

frydom, Ijafde

wach nSma

Th&t rjucht

thi,t

S,nd

To tha

nema. li-nd

jol risa uta

erost all^na glorade, sldl than

Th&t blod thgra §.rgum

fon lejar laja to-n logha wertha. skil ovir thin lif strama,

i,nd endracht

mit thet

men thu ne

miigth et navt to

thi

kwik thSr Tp ^sa Alle wla skednese tham forsunnen

lesta skil thS,t feninige

therof sterva.

send vmbe tha forsta &,nd prestera to boga, skilun an logha

Forth skilun al thinra bern mith

ofred wertha.

fretho

Tha hju utspreken hede, sSg hju del. Men thene MS,gy tham hja navt wel forst§,n hede kreth, ik hiv thi

ISva.

b4s skilde wertha ovir alle landa §,nd folkra

frejeth, jef ik

Fryas, S,nd

nw

hiri wither,

sach

h4ste to en other sproken.

im

star

an &nd kethe

:

Frfi,na rjuchte

er sjugun etmelde

om send, skil thin sele mitha nachtfiiglon to tha grkwa, omme wara S,nd thin lik skil ledsa vppa bodem fona se. El wel seide thene Magy mith vrborgne wodin, segs men th&t ik kvme.

Forth slider to jenst Sa sinar rakkarum,

werp that wif vr skippes bord.

Althus wer-et ende fon-re

Moderum.* Wreke willath wi ther vr navt ne tham skil tyd nima. Men thusand wara thusand

leste thera

hropa,

mel willath wi Frya

S.fternei

hropa

:

wak-w§,k-wak.

HO-T THENE MaGT FORTH VEGVNGON NSi that tha modder vrdSn was, tha

fdmna

to

sina

skip

to

IS.

16ter tha foddik S,nd

brenga bijunka

* Verg. bl 4.

alle

in

THE BOOK OF ADELA'S FOLLOWERS.

and

shall bear fruit in the

seed which shall

is

bosoms of able men,

good

lite

Yet a thousand years

thy lap.

in

laid

117

spoke descend, and sink deeper in darkness,

the

and in the blood shed over you by the wickedness of the princes and priests. After that, the dawn shall begin to

and

When

glow. priests

will

they perceive strive

this,

and wrestle

the false princes against

freedom;

and unity will talse the people under their protection, and rise out of the vile pool. The light which at first only glimmered shall gradually become a flame. The blood of the bad shall flow over but

freedom,

love,

your surface, but you must not absorb poisoned animals shall eat stories

and

it,

and

At

it.

die of

it.

last the

All the

that have been written in praise of the princes

priests shall be

committed to the flames. Thenceforth "When she had finished

your children shall live in peace. speaking she sank down.

The Magy, who had not understood her, shrieked out, you if I should become master of all the lands and people of Frya, and now you have been speaking Frana raised herself up, stared at him, and to another. said, Before seven days have ed your soul shall haunt the tombs with the night-birds, and your body shall be at the bottom of the sea. Very good, said the Magy, swelling say that I am coming. Then he said to his with rage This was the executioners. Throw this woman overboard. I have asked

;

end of the last of the mothers. We do not ask for revenge. Time will provide that ; but a thousand thousand times we will call with Frya, Watch watch watch !

How

IT

!

!

FARED AFTERWARDS WITH THE MaGY.

After the murder of the mother, he brought the lamp and the maidens into his own ship, together with all

* E.ef er to p.

4

THET BOK TH^KA ADELA FOLSTAK.

118 bold ther im

Forth gvng er

likte.

tli§,t

FlymS-r vp, hwand

hi wilde tha ikm. fon MedSasblik jeftha fon St^vora gabja §-nd

tham

to

Tha

Moder m^kja.

hodum brocht. Tha stjurar fon

Nw

fere tocht ut.

men

tha

gvngon bja

Mte

grfi,te

to

Thi

M^gy n^kade M^d^asblik

drist

wei vppera burch to runnande.

kemon vsa

tha botum land was,

Men

alsa wel rjucht that felo sinra

anna brond wSron.

Tham vppa sk^pun

as allet folk mith

skip al barnande nei-t skip thes

men

As

M&gy

skg,ton &.

er to lesta en

dryf, bifel-er sin

thene skiper that were thene

Denemarker thSr thene Fin felad hede, andere, thv vse Eremoder nei tha

fl&te.

skSpun bistonda

wachton,

nei vs tha, thach thkt ne rojade nawet.

skiper hi skolde of hade,

drist

stjurar utere kreke w^i §,nd

sk&ton hjara pila mith tarbarntin bollum vp sinra

Hja wSron

after

bi helle

Thach gvngon sina Ijuda

del S,nd skynander svnne.

were

4nd foron mith

hjra littige flate nei Med^asblik lind hildon hja skul

that ly thera bamun.

hjara

St^vora §,nd fon th&t Alderga

hedon hini g6rn to Jonis togen,

vppen

wSron bja vp

thSr

bodem fona

s6

svnden

best

to meldande

kvma skolde, thit skoste thrvch tha drokhed wel vrjetta; nw wil ik njude thatste thin word jecht. Thi M.t.gj wild-im ofwera; men thene skiper, en S,fte Fryas §,nd thatste

sterik lik en jokoxe klipade

bord into th&t wellande hef.

sin brune skild

an top &nd

flate.

Therthrvch

k^mon

om

bSda sinum h5nda

S.nd hif hini vr

sin hole

Forth hes

for rjucht to rjucht

er

an nei vsa

men tha kemen was. thene M&gj

tha f^mna vnforlet to vs,

foddik was utgvngon S,nd

nimman

wiste ho-t

Tha hja vppa vnfordene sk^pa heradon, that

vrdrvnken was, brude hja hinne, hwand tha stjurar thera

m^st Denemarker weron. N§i that tha were,

wendon vsa

tha Finna

del.

fl^te fer

enoch ew^i

stjurar §,nd sk4ton hjara barnpila vppa

ThS, tha

Finna thus sagon, ho hja vrreden

weron, blip alrik thrvch vr ekkdrum S,nd ther nere 16nger nfin herichhed ni bod.

To

thisre stonde run tha w6re hju ut

THE BOOK OF ADELA's FOLLOWERS.

119

the booty that he chose. Afterwards he went up the Flymeer

because he wished to take the maiden of Medeasblik or Sta-

voren and install her as mother but there they were on their ;

The seafaring men of Stavoren and Alderga would gladly have gone to Jon, but the great fleet was out on a guard.

distant voyage

;

so they proceeded in their small fleet to

Medeasblik, and kept themselves concealed in a sheltered

The Magy approached Medeasblik in

place behind trees.

broad daylight

But

citadel.

men

left to

many

their arrows with

They were so

fleet.

of the ships were instantly on

fire.

guard the ships shot at us, but they could not

When

reach us.

boldly stormed the

from the boats, our people

burning turpentine upon the

well aimed that

Those

nevertheless, his

from the creek, and shot

sallied forth

balls of

;

as they landed

burning ship drifted towards

at last a

man at the helm to man was the Dane who had cleft the He said. You sent our Eeremoeder to

the ship of the Magy, he ordered the

sheer

off,

but this

head of the Finn.

the bottom of the sea to say that you were coming.

take care that you keep your word.

push him

off,

but the

sailor,

In

now I will The Magy tried to

the bustle of the fight you might forget

it

;

a real Frisian and strong as

an ox, clutched his head with both hands, and pitched him

Then he hoisted up

into the surging billows. shield,

and

sailed straight to our fleet.

came unhurt

to us

;

injured ships heard that the

When those on the un-

Magy was drowned,

away, because their crews were Danes. far

off,

When

that they were betrayed, they

and

they sailed

When the fleet

was

our sailors turned and shot their burning

arrows at the Finns.

discipline

brown

but the lamp was extinguished, and no

one knew how that had happened.

enough

his

Thus the maidens

order.

At

the Finns saw that, and found fell

this

into confusion,

and lost

moment the garrison

all

sallied

120

THET BOK

tere burch.

Tham

TH.:feEA

ADELA FOLSTAR.

navt ne fljuchte, werth afmakad,

ther fljuchte fvnd sin ende into tha liiiger

polum fon

et

§,nd

Kry-

wald.

N:felSCHKIFT.

Tha tha

stjurar

an da kreke lejon was thSr en

fon ut Stavora mank, thSr seide,

MSd6a mei

spotter

lakkja, sa

ThSrvmbe h&von tha famna

hyr ut hjra burch reda.

m

thju

kreke MedSa mei lakkja * heten.

Tha bertnissa th^r hiigja.

afternei sked send,

Tha fi^mna hagon tham

wel biskriwa

l^ta.

arbed fvlbrocht.

nei hjara

mei

alra mannalik

wysa

to tella kni

Thervmbe rSkenjath wi hirmitha Held.

* Medemi'lacus.

ENDE FON

't

BOK.

vsa

!

THE BOOK OF ADELA'S FOLLOWERS. forth from the citadel.

and those who

fled

121

Those who resisted were

killed,

found their death in the marshes of the

Krylinger wood.

Postscript.

When

the sailors were in the creek, there was a

from Stavoren among them, who laugh

if

we rescue her from her

said,

citadel.

Medea may

Upon

wag well

this, the

maidens gave to the creek the name Medea meilakkia

(Lake of Medea).

The occurrences that happened

this everybody can

rememher.

relate it in their

*

The maidens ought

own way, and have

consider that our task

Medemi

is fulfilled.

lacus,

after

it

well inscribed.

Hail

Lake of Medea's laughter.

THE END OF THE BOOK.

to

We

122

THA SKRIFTA FON ADELBROST AND APOLLONIA. MiN nom is Adelbrost svn fon Apol &nd Thrvch min folk ben ik keren to GrSvetman Thgrvmbe

wrda.

wil ik

mem

wisa as mine

thju

most

Moder

was sok werth er

er

lif

name to en mena acht

seide,

findne.

bilidsen

§,nd

Saxanamarka

nw

wildon

mem

alsa dSnera

Bi-ra leva

Hira

knd wel palth.

bja

S,k

Min mem werth Hju bMe heth

gddath

Apol nw lyaf

hS,v

hoppa

lyaf

Felon

wertha.

men min mem mod to w^sana as

fon er bislut of brenga

;

bja buta blikt §,nd 6ven mild far al hjara bern. ik

§,fter

to GrenegS,* nt

heden bja ekkorum

en Eremoder 4cht alsa r^n in-ra

stel

nfide

lersta wille

Sjugun m6natlia

hju nilde nen Moder w^sa.

t4t bred, tberthruch

wildon min

ovira Linda

vp

was &nd Fryasburch vp

hira folgstera navt n6mth.

S,nd

men

minar

krSjen

felt

en moder keren wertha.

ersSke tbat anna

kSren,

forfolgja

sproken heth.

Nei that thene M^gy brocht,

bok

tbifc

fon Adela.

ella in wralda,

b§,

NSidam ne

kS,n ik

Moder navt nesa. Sa sprek &nd keth Adela, men tha ora burchf^mna wildon algS,der Moder w6sa. Alrek stfi.t thong fori sinera §jne f&m §,nd nilde navt fyra. Therthrvch nis er nene kSren S.nd heth rik thus band]S,s. Hyr S£l-ne

S.fter

miig-it bigripa.

Ljudg^rt,

tham kSning

ther

hSmesdega

fallen

is,

was

bi

thSre Moder-is leva kfiren blikbSr trvch alle st^tha mith

Heth were sin torn vmbe vppin eth Dok-hem f to hfimande, a,nd bi thfire Moder-is

lyafde S.nd trjvw.

grate hof to

wrd-im ther gr^te ^r biw^sen, hwand et were immer sa ful mith bodon a,nd riddarum fon h^inde S,nd fSre as-m-S, to fora na nede sjan. Tach nw w6r-er ensem and leva

* 'Gr^negft, Qroningen.

DokMm, Dokkum.

123

THE WRITINGS OF ADELBROST AND APOLLONIA.

My name

is

Adelbrost, the

I was elected by oorden.

way

as

my people

as

son of Apol and Adela. Grevetman over the Linda-

Therefore I will continue this book in the same

my

mother has spoken

Magy was

After the

it.

and Fryasburgt was restored, The mother had not named her was nowhere to be found. Seven

killed

a mother had to be chosen. guccessor,

and her

will

months later a general assembly was called at Grenegd (Groningen), because it was on the boundary of Saxamarken. My mother was chosen, but she would not be the mother. She had saved my father's life, in consequence of which they had fallen in love with each other, and she wished to marry.

Many

my mother to alter her an Eeremoeder ought to be as pure

people wished

decision, but she said

in her conscience as she appears outwardly, and to have

the same love for all her children.

Now,

as I love

Apol

better than anything else in the world, I cannot be such

Thus spoke and reasoned Adela, but all the other maidens wished to be the mother. Each state was in favour of its own maiden, and would not yield. Therefore none was chosen, and the kingdom was without any restraint. From what follows you will understand Liudgert, the king who had lately died, had been chosen in the lifetime of the mother, and seemingly with the love and confidence of all the states. It was his turn to live at the great court of Dokhem, and in the lifetime of the mother great honour was done to him there, as there were more messengers and knights there than had ever been But now he was lonely and forsaken, seen there before. a mother.

* Gr§nega

is

Groningen.

f

Dokhem

is

Dokkum.

THET BOK TH^RA ADELA FOLSTAR.

124 vrleten,

hwand

alrek w^re ange that-er

him master

skolde

m^kja boppa heth rjucht §.nd welda ^-lib tha sldvona k^niDggar. Elk forst w&nde forth that-er enoch dSde as knd thi en ne j6f nawet t4 er w^kade ovir sin Sjn 8tfi,t antha othera. Mith-era burchfamna gvnget jeta S,rger to. Alrek thisra bogade vppira Sjne wisdom §,nd sahwersa tha ;

Gr^vetmanna awet dedon buta hjam, sa wrochten hja §,nd sinum Ijudum, SkSder en seke thgr felon statha trof &nd hede mS,n thju rSd Sner

mistryvwa bitwiska tham

f4m

wnnen,

in

st,

kethon

hju sproken hede

alle othera that

Thrvch althus dSnera renka hroch-

to fere fon hjra §jne stat.

ton hja twyspalt in ovira st&tha §,nd torendon hja that

band

s§,dene fon en, that et folk fon tha

were vppet folk fon en ora lik

th^rby to gvngen

is,

gnne

Magy

heth min

Mnd

of

is

wnnen

al to thSre

mem

st^t nythich

f^ret alderminesta

Thju fere thera

fSrhSmande bisk6wade.

tha Gola jeftha Trowyda vs al-et ont thera Skelda i,nd thi

&nd

stS,t

wSst that h§,ven al

Wrs^ra.

Ho-r

vntleth, owers nas

thifc

bok navt skreven ne wrden, afsk^n ik alle h&pe vrleren Ik ne skryw thus navt h^v tha-et skil helpa th& b^ta. inna w^n, thet ik ther thrvch thet lS,nd skil winna jeftha bihaldane, that is minra achtne vndvalik, ik skryw allena far et S,fter

kvmande

slacht,

wy

til

thju hja alg^dur weta

&nd tha alra mei that elk kw9.d sin geja telath. My heth mS,n ApoUonja heten. Twyia thritich dega nei ra§-m hira dad heth m§,n Adelbrost min brother vrslSjen fonden vppa w§.rf, sin hawed split ind sina lithne miige vp hvdena wisa

mannalik hyr ut

ut en hrSten.

vrleren gvnge,

I6ra

Min

tat ther siak leide is fon skrik vrstur-

Apol min jungere brother fon hyr nei there westsyde fon Skeniand faren. Th^r heth er en burch ebuwad, Lindasburch* h^ten, vmbe dana to wrekana ven.

Tha

vs leth.

heth

fif

is

to f^lo jera lenad,

Hy

Altham brengath th^ne Magy

skrik

Wr.alda heth-im ther svna wnnen.

* Lindasburch, op

kaap Lindanaes, Noorwegen.

THE BOOK OF ADELA's FOLLOWERS.

125

because every one was afraid that he would set himself above the law, and rule them like the slave kings. Every

hean imagined that he did enough his own state, and did not care for the

he looked

if

after

With

others.

the

Burgtmaagden it was still worse. Each of them depended upon her own judgment, and whenever a Grrevetman did anything without her, she raised distrust between him and his people. states,

If any case happened which concerned several and one maid had been consulted, the rest all ex-

claimed that she had spoken only in the interest of her

own state. among the

By

such proceedings they brought disputes

states,

and so severed the bond of union that

the people of one state were jealous of those of the rest, or at least considered

them

as strangers

the consequence

;

of which was that the Gauls or Truwenden (Druids) took possession of our lands as far as the Scheldt, and the

Magy as far as the Wesara. How this happened my mother has explained, otherwise this book would not have been written, although I have lost all hope that it would be of any use.

do not write in the hope that I shall

I

win back the land or preserve impossible.

may all know may learn that

they each

My name

it

:

in

my

opinion that

is

I write only for the future generations, that

is

mother's death

in

what way we were

every crime brings

Apollonia.

my

its

lost,

and that

punishment.

Two-and-thirty days after

my

brother Adelbrost was found murdered

on the wharf, his skull fractured and his limbs torn asunder.

My

father,

who

lay

ill,

died of fright.

younger brother, Apol, sailed from here Schoonland.

to the west side of

There he built a citadel named Lindasburgt,

in order there to avenge our wrong.

many

Then my

years for that.

He had

Wr-alda accorded him

five sons,

who

all

* Lindasburch, on Cape Lindanaes, Norway.

caused fear

126

THBT BOK TH^KA ADELA FOLSTAE.

min brother goma.

5,ud

After

mam

lind brother-is dad

send tha fromesta fon-ut-a lS,ndum to ekk6rum kvmen, hja

havon en band sloten Adelb&nd heten. leth witherfara ne skolde, h§,vath hja

jungste brother vpper burch brooht,

min brother by tha

man my

Tha

werar.

my §,nd Adelhirt min my by tha flmna ind

ik thritich jSr were heth

Burchfam keren, ind

to

thS,

keren to Grevetman.

were, werth-er

were min brother thene sexte,

men

min brother fiftich Fon m&m-is syde

fon tat his syde thene

Nei rjucht machton sine §,fterkvmande thus nen

thride.

overa Linda

S,fter

nomun navt ne

hjara

mS,Qnalik wildet hS,va to ere fon

boppa heth mS^n vs &k en

hwand thrvch min m§,m In thas burch

S,k

lovspreka ovir

to

thet bok

ik thet blydeste,

wisdom kem-et

hS,v ik jeta ora skrifta

bok ne stan,

alra

Ther

ofskrifte jeven fon

hjra

men

fora,

mina m§,m.

thSra Adela follistar. Ther mitha ben

't

Til thju vs nSn

in wralda.

fvnden, thgr navt in

min m&m, altham

wil ik

after skriva.

Thit send tha neiletne skrifta Brunnos, ther skrywer

wesen

is

in vppa wS.garum thSra

follistar

hwat wryt was

rik,

burgum, bisloton hja en Moder

Th^rto wS.rth en

to kjasane.

hem.

Ak

After that tha Adela

to thisre burch.

hede leta overskryva elk in sin

ella

mena acht

bileid

vp

thisra

After tha forme red Adelas wS.rth Tiintja bifolen.

skoldet sl4cht h&ve.

thet wort, hju hede

Thach

nw

min Burgtf^m

frege

immerthe wenich west

th§,t

hju Moder

skolde wertha, ut firsSke that hju hyr vpper burch

hwana mest

alle

Moderum keren

weron.

word gund was, epende hju hira falxa alle skinth

Tha

wfira

sat,

hju thet

ande keth

arg to heftane an Adelas red, tha that ne

:

I

skil

thervmde min mvla navt ne sluta ner snora.

Hwa tach

is

Adela and hw&na kvmt

hage love

to

swikth.

et wei thatster sokke

Lik ik hjudd6ga

is

hju to fara hyr burchfam west.

THE BOOK or ADELA'S FOLLOWERS.

Magy, and brouglit fame

to

my

death of

mother and

my

—

burgt I

brother.

After the

brother, all the bravest of

made a covenant,

the land ed together and

called the

In order to preserve us from injury, they

Adelbond.

brought

my

to

127

me and my youngest brother, Adelhirt, to the me to the maidens, and him to the warriors. When

was thirty years old

was chosen as Burgtmaagd, and

I

my brother at fifty was chosen Grevetman. From mother's side my brother was the sixth, but from father's side the By

third.

right,

put "overa Linda"

names, but they

after their

to do it in honour of their mother.

Followers."

me

That gave

into the world

by

all

wished

In addition to

there was given to us also a copy of " The

came

not

descendants could

his

therefore,

this,

Book of Adela's

the most pleasure, because

my

mother's wisdom.

burgt I have found other writings also in praise of

my

All this I will write afterwards.

mother.

These are the writings

by Bruno, who was the

left

After the followers of Adela had

writer of this burgt.

made

it

In the

copies, each in his kingdom, of what was inscribed

upon the walls of the burgt, they resolved For

mother.

this purpose a general

to choose a

assembly was called

at this farm.

By

recommended.

That would have been arranged, only that

my

the

Burgtmaagd asked

first

advice of Adela, Teuntje was

to speak

:

she had always supposed

that she would be chosen mother, because she was at the

burgt from which mothers had generally been chosen.

When

she was allowed to speak, she opened her false lips

and said

:

You

all

seem to place great value on Adela's

advice,

but that shall not shut

Adela,

and whence comes

highly

?

She was what

I

it

am

my

that

mouth.

Who

is

you respect her so

now, a Burgtmaagd of this

THBT BOK Th£bA ADELA FOLSTAR.

128

Tha

vmbe

hju thSr

is

wiser jefta bfitre as ik lind

vppvsa sSd &nd pl6gum.

othera, jefta is hju m§,r stelet

Hwere tMt thS,

bosta ha mith in sted fon is el

all joi

justred to wesane.

nw

is,

god,

th§,t is

et folk

kem

er

anebonden

send,

w^kane.

Hju

et folk to

men min agne

Ik hliv sjan

th§,t

ne send f6r fon vrthhju hir fryadelf herde

men ik hkv forther sjan Wyder wil ik navt ne sedsa.

lovelik, is.

forsta bigripen el god,

emong

hju wilde r^der ennen

&nd nochta ther

that Tiintja Apol-is nift

Tha

men nSan

6nsum over hjam ind

klarsjande, god,

minth,

wel Moder wrden w^sa,

et fal, s^ skolde hju

hju thSrto k^ren

alle

hw6r hju hly

men

sochte,

twyspalt, §,nd neidam heth

mar

fon hyr wei kem, wilde-t Tiintja thiu ere navt ne guna.

RSdne wrde

stopth, tha saxne tagon uta skidne,

ne w&rth n^ne Moder kSren.

men

thfir

Kirt ifter hede annen vsera

bodne sin makker fMeth.

Til

hjudd^ga h^de der frod

wesen, thervmbe hede min burchfi^m orloYi vmb-im buta tha iandp§,la to helpane.

Thach in sted fon im

to helpane

n6i thet Twiskland, alsa fljuchte hju selva mith

Wrsara

S,nd forth nei tha

Fryas svna hagja wilde

mSn

Magy.

stald-iri as

im

overe

Thi MS,gy tham sina

Moder

Godaburch

to

hju wilde mar, hju seid-im th&t sahwersa

et

Sk^nland,

hi

Adela vpruma koste, hi m&ster skolde wertha over

Fryas land.

hwand thrveh

Hju wer en fyand fon Adele hjra

renka

nas

el

seide hju,

hju nSn Moder wrden.

Sahwersa hy hir Texland forspreka wilde, sa skolde hjra

boda sina wichar to weiwyser thjanja.

Al

thissa s6ka

heth hjra boda selva bilyad.

Thet Othera Skrift. Fiftian

jeftha

monatha nSi th^re

Winnem6nath.

lerste acht w6r-et Frjunsklp

Alleram5.nnelik jef to

an mery

THE BOOK OF ADELAS FOLLOWERS. place

;

others

and better than I and all the more conversant with our laws and cusIf that had been the case, she would have become she, then, wiser

is

or is she

?

toms ?

129

mother when she was chosen; but instead of preferred

matrimony

self

and her

but

my

She

people.

that she

is

very

much

very praiseworthy;

Apol's niece.

is

certainly very clear-sighted,

from being dim.

eyes are far

that, she

watching over her-

to a single life,

I have observed

attached to her husband, which

but I

see,

likewise, that Teuntje

is is

Further I say nothing.

The principal people understood very well which way the wind blew with her but among the people there arose dis;

and as most of the people came from

putes,

here, they

would

not give the honour to Teuntje. The conferences were ended, knives were drawn, and no mother was chosen. Shortly after-

wards one of our messengers killed his comrade.

had been a man of good character

hitherto,

had permission

the frontier

of helping

him

to help

him over

my Burgtmaagd ;

but instead

over to Twiskland (), she fled

with him herself to Wesara, and then to the Magy.

Magy, who wished

of the

and she

told

him

;

but she wished

that if he could get Adela out

way he might become master of

land.

The

to please his sons of Frya, appointed

her mother of Godaburgt, in Schoonland for more,

As he

the whole of Frya's

She said she hated Adela for having prevented her

from being chosen mother.

If he

would promise her Tex-

land, her messenger should serve as guide to his warriors.

All this was confessed by her messenger.

The Second Writing. ^

Fifteen months after the last general assembly, at the festival

of the harvest month, everybody gave himself

THKT BOK TH^RA ADELA FOLSTAR.

130

mery

fru §,nd bly, §,nd

uimman

nfide diger

than to akane

Thach Wr.alda wild vs wysa, tli§.t w&keadom, To midne fon-et]f6st fyrja. k6m nfivil to huUande vsa wrda in thikke thjusternisesj Nocht runde wfii, tha wfi.kendom nilde navt ne kera. Tha sina nocht.

navt vrgamlath wrde ne mei.

strandwakar weron fon hjara n6d fjura hlapen §,nd vppa tha topadum nas nenen to

Thfi, nfivil

bisja.

lokte svnne thrvch tha rSta thera

wolkum vp

ew6i

iAch,

Alrek

irtha.

wither ut to juwgande ind to jolande, fhet jungk

kem

folk tach sjongande mitha giirh^m* lind thisse overfulde luft

mith sina

liaflika

Men

adam.

thahwila thSr alrek

horsum

in nocht b&jada, was vrrfed land mith

S.nd rid-

Lik alle a,rga weron hja helpen thrvch thjuster-' ind hinne glupath thrvch Linda waldis pada. To

derum. nisse,

dure tagon

Adelas

fara

&nd

ia,mkes

twilif

twilif

kn&pa mith

mith

mangfertne

twilif

twilif hoklinga, en junge

Saxna&n hired en wilde bufle thSr er selva fensen h6de

Mith allerMja blomma wSron hja

§,nd t5,mad.

siarad, S,nd

tha linnen tohnekna thera mS,ngertne w6ron omborad mith

gold ut-er R^ne. Thsl

Adela to hira hus ut vppet slecht k^m,

blomrein del vppira hole,

home

thfira

krva folk,

ho

jeta

juwgade herde

kn&pum guidon boppa kirt skil

ut sjocht w6re to rinnande

alle

kem

er

frii

Arme

ella ut.

vppa stoppenbenke

seten.

Hira

t§,t

vppet

tha foresta thera rawarum

gS,rs del

biskeren.

;

As

* Giirbam.

;

er sach ho sina

w&ch wei

C.

S.nd

this swikt S,nd trulde

Intwiska hedon sina eldra hjara wfipne

el ICiirbe

lind

overne twade ^nd thride was en elik

tagon vndyger to Jon is.

Sitmdra

g&de weron'

§,nd

eldra in frese weron, gripter sine boge fon-ere skS,t nei

skire

linrjucht

Thju dure stond epen

ther binna stand Adelbrost hira svna.

I.

174.

Eene zakpijp

bij

lot

fat, S;nd

Tha rawera skoldon hjam

Niebuhr lleize enz; genoemd.

en

Adela,

Tha thju longe

hir bydja.

en hloth m^gjara ridderum

vp Adelas hem.

fol

S.nd tha tot-

ring

de Egyptenaren

!

TUB BOOK OF ADELa's FOLLOWERS. up

to pleasure

131

and merry-making, and no one thought of but Wr-alda wished to teach us ;

anything but diversion

that watchfulness should never be relaxed.

In the midst of the festivities the fog came and enveloped every place in darkness.

Cheerfulness melted away, but watchfulness

did not take

its

The coastguard deserted

place.

their

beacons, and no one was to be seen on any of the paths.

When

the fog rose, the sun scarcely appeared

clouds; but the people all

among

came out shouting with

joy,

the

and

the young folks went about singing to their bagpipes, air with their melody. But while every one was intoxicated with pleasure, treachery had landed with its horses and riders. As usual, darkness had favoured filling the

the wicked, and they had slipped in through the paths of

Linda's wood.

Before Adela's door twelve girls led twelve

lambs, and twelve boys led twelve calves.

A young Saxon

bestrode a wild bull which he had caught and tamed.

They were decked with

all

kinds of flowers, and the

girls'

dresses were fringed with gold from the Rhine.

When Adela came out of her house, a shower of flowers fell on her head

;

they

all

cheered loudly, and the

boys were heard over everything.

how

short will be your joy

fifes

of the

Poor Adela! poor people

When

!

the procession was

out of sight, a troop of Magyar soldiers rushed up to

Her

Adela's house.

on the

steps.

father and her husband were sittinsr O

The door was open, and within stood Adel-

When

brost her son.

he saw the danger of his parents,

he took his bow from the wall and shot the leader of the pirates,

who staggered and

and third met a similar

fell

on the grass.

fate.

In the

The second

meantime

his

parents had seized their weapons, and went slowly, to Jon's house. Gurbam.

They would soon have been taken, but

C. Niebuhr, Travels, vol.

the Egyptians

Sumdra

el

Kiirhe.

i.

p. 17-1.

The bagpipe

is

called

by

:

THET BOK THERA ADELA FOLSTAE.

132 fensen ha,

wepne

men Adela kem,

vppere burch hede hja

hira gert sa ftlo, tliryja swikte hja

kem wer omme heme there

en ridder

as er del

Thach

fensen.

Vrredelika therof

alle

to hantera lerad, sjugun irthfet were hju 16ng ind

is

!

or hjra hole

Tha

S,nd

FoUistar kSmon

wrdon f&lath S,nd let, en pil h^de hjra bosme trefth. In fenin was sin pint dipth kni

16ne

to

Magy

tham

g§,rsfallich.

wM.

ri,war

hju sturven.

TniRE BuBCHFAMS Lov. Jes ferhemande

§,the,

thusande send

m^ra send vp wei. Wei, hja willath Adelas wisdom Sekur

is

al

kumen

lind jet

h^ra.

hju forstine, liwand hju

is

immer

thja forste

w^st.

wach hwerto skolde hja thjanja. Hira hemeth is hira tohnekka* wol, th&t hjv selva spon kni w^vade. Hwermei skolde hja hjra skenhSd h^ga. Navt mith p&rlum, hwand hjra tuskar send witter ; navt mith

linnen,

hwand hjra hSr is blikkander ; navt mith stena, wel send hjra S,gon saft as lamkes tgon, thach to lik sa glander

gold,

m4n ther skrSmlik in sja ne m6i. Men hwat k§.lt ik fon sken. Frya w^re

thit

Ja

togh^tera al

wis navt skener.

Frya ther sjugun skenhfide hede, hwerfon

athe,

men

w^re hju

ene elk h&chstens thria urven

Ifidlik,

hjra

Men

hS.ve.

thacb skolde hju vs djura wesa.

Jef hju wygandlik bern vsar grSvetman.

sy.

Hark

Adela

athe,

Sjugun jrthfet

grater then hjra licheme

is

is

is

thet enge

hju h4ch,

hjra wished knd hjra

jeta

mod

is

lik bSde to semine.

Lok th^r, th6r Were enis en ftnbrond, thrju bern weron vp jenske gr&fstSn sprongen. "Wind bios fel. Alrek kr^ta a,nd thju

ho

st^itst *

m&m w6re

r^dal^s.

and t^methste hropth

To hnekka, eene hooge,

tot

aan de

ThSr kvmt Adela

hju, tragd neJc

help to

reikende, japon.

16-

!

;

THE BOOK OF ADELA's FOLLOWERS. Adela came.

She had learned

kinds of weapons.

in the

She was seven

133

hurgt to use

feet

all

high, and her

sword was the same length.

She waved it three times over her head, and each time a Icnight bit the earth. Eeinforcements came, and the pirates were made prisoners but too

late

treacherous

—an

arrow had penetrated her bosom

Magy had

poisoned

it,

and she died of

The

!

it.

The Elegy of the Burqtmaagd. Yes, departed friend, thousands are arrived, and more They wish to hear the wisdom of Adela.

are coming.

Truly, she was a princess, for she had always been the Sorrow, what good can you do

leader.

Her garments of

How

herself.

linen and * wool she spun and

could she add to her beauty

her teeth were more white;

pearls, for

for her tresses

were more brilliant;

?

wove

Not with

not with gold,

not with precious

stones, for her eyes, though soft as those of a lamb, were

so lustrous that you could scarcely look into them.

why do

I talk of beauty

beautiful;

yes,

perfections, of

my

three.

would

still

have

Listen,

my

friends,

Frya,

been dear to

friend,

Grevetman,

But Frya was certainly not more

who possessed seven

which each of her daughters inherited one, But even if she had been ugly, she

most

or at

?

Is

us.

she

warlike?

Adela was the only daughter of our

She stood seven

feet

high.

Her wisdom

exceeded her stature, and her courage was equal to both together.

Here

is

ground on

fire.

Three children got upon yonder grave-

stone.

an instance.

There was a furious wind.

There was once a turf-

The people were

shouting, and the mother was helpless.

What

are

you

all

standing

still

all

Then came Adela,

here for ? she cried.

* To hnekka, a high petticoat reaching up to the neck.

Try to

THET BOK TH^EA ADELA FOLSTAK.

134

nande knd Wr.alda

Ther hipth

skil jo krefta j6va.

hja

nei-t krylwod, gript elsne tr&jon, tragd en breg to mak-

nw

jande,

Jerlikes

helpath ak tha fithera &nd tha bern send hred.

kemon tha bern hyr blomma

Ther kemon

men Adela kem,

wilde,

in

swim

hju h^de hjara

sleith hju tha I6tha

thet

skolde,

ledsa.

thre Fonysjar skipljuda th^r hja wrSvela

hja

4nd

vnw^rthelike

als^men an en spinrok hjara thjud askja.

fest.

til

hwop

(hrop) h§rad,

thju hja selva jechta

manna weron,

bint hju

Tha fSrhfimanda h^ra k§mon

Tha hja sagon ho skots

kem torn vp, thach m§.u tellade Hwat hja forth dedon, hja buwgdon

weron,

hja misdgn

ho-t herd was. to fera Adela S,nd

keston thju slyp hyrar tohnekka,

Kvm

ferhemande athe, tha wald

Kvm

fara tha f61o forsykar.

fiiglon fljuchtath to

^the sa meist hjara wished

liera.

By is

tha gr&fsten hwer fon in tha lovspreke meld wirth,

mS,m hira

thissa

lik

bigraven.

Vppira

gr§,fst6n heth mi,n

worda hwryten.

NE HLAP NAVT TO HASTICH HWAND HYK L^ID ADELA.

Thju formlere th6r tore,

nis

foUistar.

wand.

is

hwryten inutere wach th^p

burch-

navt wither eskrgven in th&t bok thera Adelf

HwSrvmbe Tha

thit

bok

thet l^ten is

min

is

net ik navt to skri

ajn, thfirvmbe wil ik hja thSi

inna setta to wille minra mS,gum.

FOEMLJ&RE.

Alle god minnanda Fryas bern sy held.

Hwand

thrvd

—

!

THE BOOK OF ADELA's POLLOWEES.

135

help them, and Wr-alda will give you strength.

Then

she ran to the Krylwood and got some elder branches, of

which she made a bridge. her,

The others then came

and the children were saved.

There came once three

flowers to the place every year.

Phoenician

sailors,

who began

when Adela, having heard drels

to assist

The children bring

to

ill-treat

the children,

their screams, beat the scoun-

they were insensible, and then, to prove to them

till

what miserable wretches they were, she

tied

them

all three

to a spindle.

The foreign

came

lords

when they saw how

Upon

they were told what had hap-

till

that they bowed themselves before Adela,

and kissed the hem of her garment. The birds of the

living friend.

and

had been treated

ridiculously they

they were very angry, pened.

to look after their people,

numerous

visitors.

wisdom.

By

Come,

friend,

But come, distant

forest fled

and you

before the

shall hear her

the gravestone of which mention has already

been made her body

is

buried.

lowing words are inscribed

Upon

the stone the fol-

:

TREAD SOFTLY, FOR HERE LIES ADELA.

The old legend which the city tower

is

is

written on the outside wall of

not written in " The Book of Adela's

Why this has. been neglected I do not know; book is my own, so I will put it in out of regard

Followers."

but this to

my

relations.

The Oldest Doctrine. Hail

to

all

the

well-intentioned

children

of Frya

THET BOK TH^RA ADELA FOLSTAR.

136

tham

Wr.alda

hwand hwand

is

to bisja,

sja miige

kvme ind

th^r thrvch sin l^va

ella in ella,

is

"Wr.alda

overal ain-

is

thervmbe w&rth thet wSsa

Al hwat wi fon him

g^st hSten. sela

Wr.alda

evg &nd vnendlik.

men name

wardich,

to tha

thet alderaldesta jeftha overaldesta,

is

thet skop alia thinga. thet

L6r Und kSth

wertha vp jrtha.

skil et s61ich

folkum.

send tha skep-

wither henne ga,

kvmath alle thinga §,nd kerath alle thinga. Fon ut Wr.alda kvmth t anfang §,nd et ende, alra thinga geith in im vppa. Wr.alda is thet 6ne ella machtige wesa, hwand alle ore macht is fon him lenad i,nd

hwand

inut Wr.alda

In ut Wr.alda kvmath

kgrath to him wither.

him

S,Dd alle krefta kerath to

wSsa

allena theth skeppande

wither.

alle krefta

Thervmbe

3,nd ther nis

is

hi

nawet esk^pen

buta him.

Wr.alda 5,nd ther

setma thet

leide evge

is

ewa

in al et skepne,

ne send n6n gode setma jeftha hja moton thSrngi

Men

tavlikt w6sa.

afskSn ella in Wr.alda sj, tha boshed

th^ra m§,nniska nis navt fon him.

lomhfid vndigerhed &nd domhed.

Boshed kvmth

thrvch

Thfirvmbe ki,n hju wel

tha m5,nniska skada, Wr.alda nimmer.

Wr.alda

is thju

wished, §,nd tha ewa ther hju tavlikt heth, send tha boka

werut

wy

ISra miige, S.nd thgr nis

men Wr.alda

sja,

miigon f^lo thinga

Wr.alda S,nd

ella

is

sjath alle thinga.

men Wr.alda w6t

alle

thinga.

men

to fara

Tha mS,nniska send

epned.

men Wr.alda

berlik,

skept b6de.

m§,nnalik

Tha minniska

minnath &nd

ha,tath,

Thervmbe

Wr.alda allene god, and ther ne send

goda

biita

is

him.

allet esk^pne,

tha Wr.alda

is

allena rjuchtfSrdich.

Mith thet Jol wandelath

men god

that Wr.alda god

is,

felo

Tha m&nniska

felo thinga vntsluta,

lera,

Tha minniska miigon

to findande

Tha m^nniska miigon

ner to garjande buta tham.

thinga

nSne wishM

is

allena vnforanderlik.

alsa ne

nfine

§,nd wixlat

Thruch

mei hi ^k navt foranderja;

THE BOOK OF ADELA

Through them the earth

shall

become

announce to the people Wr-alda for he created all things.

see of

and therefore

him

is

Wr-alda

is all

is

Learn and

in all, for he

is

omnipresent but inAll that

called a spirit.

are the created beings

him and go

holy.

137

the ancient of ancients,

is

Wr-alda

eternal and everlasting. visible,

FOLLOWEES.

S

who come

-we

can

to life througb

again, because from Wr-alda all things pro-

ceed and return to him. the end.

Wr-alda

from him

all

the beginning and

is

the only almighty being, because

is

other strength comes, and returns to him.

Therefore he alone

without him.

Wr-alda

is

and nothing

the creator,

Wr-alda established eternal

exists

principles,

upon

which the laws of creation were founded, and no good

But although

laws could stand on any other foundation. everything

men

is

derived from Wr-alda, the wickedness of

Wickedness comes from

does not come from him.

heaviness, carelessness, and stupidity

;

therefore they

well be injurious to men, but never to Wr-alda. is

Wr-alda

wisdom, and the laws that he has made are the books

from which we learn, nor gathered but in them.

Wr-alda

any wisdom

is

Men may

sees everything.

Men

but Wr-alda knows everything. but to Wr-alda everything

is

and hate, but Wr-alda alone good, and there

is

to be

found or

see a great deal, but

can learn a great deal,

Men open.

and female, but Wr-alda created

is

may

can discover much,

Mankind

both.

is just.

are

Mankind

male love

Therefore Wr-alda

no good without him.

In the pro-

gress of time all creation alters and changes, but goodness

alone

is

unalterable

;

and since Wr-alda

is

good, he cannot

M

THET BOK TH^RA ADELA FOLSTAR.

138

and

th^rvmbe

tlu'vch thet er bilywath,

is

liy

all6na w6sa

lind al et ora skin.

Thet othera n^h Fonrb Forml^r.

Emong

Findas fo]k send wanwysa, th6r tlirvch hjara

overfindingrikhM alsa krg send,

makja and tha inewida

th§,t

hja hjara selva wis

bitjuga, thS,t hja thet besta dgl

send fon Wr.alda; thit hjara g^st thet beste d61 Wr.aldas g§,st &nd thet Wr.alda allena mei th&nkja

fon

is

thrvcll

helpe hjaris bryn.*

Th&t aider skepsle en del

fon Wr.aldas vnendlik wesa;

is

that h§,von hja fon vs gS,bad.

Men

hjara falxe rSdne S,nd hjara tamlase hEichfarenhM

Were

heth ra vppen dw&.lwei brocht. gS,st,

wis.

s^ skolde Wr.alda el

Hwaud

dvm wesa him

hjara g4st slavth

hjara g^st Wr.aldas

in stede fon licht and

selva

immer

of vmbe

Men skgne bylda to m&kjande, thSr y aftern^i anbid. Findas folk is en arg folk, hwand afsken tha wanwysa thgra hjara selva wis m&,kja that hja drochtne send, sa

havon hja

to fara tha

vnewida falxa drochtne eskepeu,

to

kethande allerweikes, that thissa drochtne Wr.alda eskepen have, mith al hwat ther inne

is

;

gyriga drochtne

fvl

nyd

and torn, tham 6rath and thjanath willath wesa thrvch tha manniska, th^r blod and offer willa and skfi,t askja. Men thi wanwisa falxa manna, tham hjara selva godis skalka jeftha prestera n6ma ISta, biirath and samnath and gethatli aldam to f^ra drochtne ther er navt ne send, vmbet selva to bihaldande.

Aldam bidrywath

hja mith en

rum

emod,

thrvchdam hja hjara selva drochtne w^ne, thSr an ninman andert skeldich ne send.

Send ther svme tham

hjara

renka froda and bar makja, alsa wrdon hja thrvch hjara rakkera fat and vmbira laster vrbarnad, ella mith statska pl6gum, hjara falxa drochtne to-n * Cf.

Hegel

a. h. 1.

§i?e.

Men

Mo

in trvth,

;;

THE BOOK OF ADELA'S FOLLOWERS.

As he endures, he alone

change. is

exists

;

139

everything else

show.

The Second Part of the Oldest Doctrine.

Among

Finda's people there are false teachers, who, hy

their over-inventiveness,

make themselves and

have hecome so wicked that they

their adherents believe that they are

the best part of Wr-alda, that their spirit

is

the best part

of Wr-alda' s spirit, and that Wr-alda can only think by

the help of their brains.

That every creature

is

a part of Wr-alda's eternal being,

have stolen from us

that they

;

but their false reasoning

and ungovernable pride have brought them on the road If their spirit

to ruin.

was Wr-alda's

spirit,

then Wr-alda

would be very stupid, instead of being sensible and wise for their spirit labours to create beautiful statues, which

they afterwards worship.

Finda's people are a wicked

people, for although they presumptuously pretend

among

themselves that they are gods, they proclaim the unconsecrated false gods, and declare everywhere that these idols created the idols, full of

world and

all

that therein

envy and angef, who

is

—greedy

desire to be

and honoured by the people, and who exact bloody fices

and

rich offerings

men, who receive

call

and

;

themselves

God's servants and priests,

collect everything in the

all this

sacri-

but these presumptuous and false

that have no real existence, for their

They do

served

name of

own

the idols

benefit.

with an easy conscience, as they think

themselves gods not answerable to any one.

If there are

some who

discover their tricks and expose them, they hand

them over

to the executioners to be burnt for their calum-

nies, with

solemn ceremonies in honour of the

false

gods

THET BOK THIIRA ADBLA FOLSTAE.

140

alMna vmbe th&t hja ra

nw wepned

vsa bern

sk^da ne skolde.

iiavt

hagon tha famna hjam fon buta

lere, alsa

Til thju

miige wesa tojenst hjara drocbtenlika to lerande hwat

hyr skil folgja. er alle thinga, §,iid nei alle thinga skil er

Wr.alda was Wr.alda

w^sa. nis tber

&nd

tid

6vg

§,nd bi is vnendlik,

tbervmb

Tbrvcb ut Wr.aldas leva wartb

nawet buta bim. alle

tbinga bern, §.nd sin leva nimtb tid &nd

alle

Tbissa seka moton kler knd b^r mi,kad wrda

tbinga w6i.

by

is alsa

an 6tbera bitbjuta knd biwisa

alle wisa, sa tba,t bja-t

miige.

Is-t sa fir

thus vsa

ommefang

wnnen, sa treft, alsa

s6itb

send

min

wy en

fortber

:

Hwat

d61 fon Wr.aldas

vnendelik wesa, alsa tba ommefang fon

et eskepne,

al

thach bwat angi vsa dS,nte, vsa ainskipa, vsa gist ind

vsa bith&nkinga, tbissa ne b6ra navt to tbet wesa.

al

Thit

send fljucbtiga tbinga tbam tbrvcb Wr.aldas leva

ella

forskina, tbacb tber tbrvcb sin wished sS,dS,ne

Men tbrvchdam

owers navt ne forskina.

mei thSr nawet vppa

fortbga, alsa ne

sin

kni navt

sin leva stedes

stM navt

bilywa.

Thervmbe forwixlatb alle eskepne thinga fon st6d, fon ddnte knd

Ak

fi,k

Thervmbe ne m^i

fon th§,nkwisa.

eng skepsle ni sedsa

selva, ner

:

ik ben,

men

ne m6i nen m§.nniska navt ne sedsa ik

blfi,t,

bern w6re.

Tbi

Tbi knip

ik thochte.

man

en

Hy

is

allera

S.nd tb§,nktb

mannalik

alon wixlath, sa

owers as tb^-r kn§,p were.

Th4t w6t allera mannelik.

nw w6t knd jecbta

mot by ^k

bijecbta, that

^geblik wixlath, 4k thahwila-r seid

nfii

snakka

wy

ik ben,

:

th&,nk by Ida wixle, tba bwile-r seid

InstSde thit

men

thi,nk,

griter knd owers as tba-r

beth ora g^rtne, tocbta §,nd tbiinkwisa.

t&,t is

Evin tha alda fon d^gum. S&bwersa

irtba

wel ik was.

:

mot, thit hy er jabweder

knd thkt

ik th&nk.

tha S,rga Findas altbus vnwerthlik

S.nd kilta,

sina

after-

ik ben, jeftba wel, ik ben tbet

beste del Wr.aldas, ja tbrvcb vs allena mei-r tbinkja.

;

THE BOOK OF ADELa's FOLLOWERS. but really in order to save themselves. children

may be protected

the duty of the maidens the following

endure after lasting,

is

to

make them

Wr-alda

sprang time and

life

is

they can be

will

and ever-

From and his

all living things,

These things

and manifest in every way, so that

clear

made

and

all things,

also eternal

takes away time and every other thing.

must be made

by heart

learn

nothing exists without him.

therefore

Wr-alda's life

:

In order that our

against their idolatrous doctrine,

"Wr-alda existed before

all things.

141

clear

and comprehensible

we have learned thus much, then we say

to

When

all.

further

In what

:

regards our existence, we are a part of Wr-alda's everlasting being, like the existence of all created beings

but as regards our form, our

and

qualities, our spirit,

our thoughts, these do not belong to the being.

all

All these

are ing things which appear through Wr-alda's

life,

and which appear through his wisdom, and not otherwise

;

but whereas

nothing things

can

remain

change

object can say, I say, I think

;

different

inclinations,

and thinks same.

their

is

continually progressing,

stationary, locality,

therefore

created

all

form,

their

and

their

So neither the earth nor any other created

thoughts.

and

his life

am

;

but rather, I was.

but rather, I thought.

from the child

and thoughts.

differently

;

So no

The boy

The man and father

that.

and must acknowledge that he

can

greater

he has different desires,

from the boy, the old

Everybody knows

man

is

man

just the

Besides, everybody is

now changing,

feels

knows

that he

changes every minute even while he says, I am, and that his thoughts change even while he says, I think.

Instead,

then, of imitating Finda's wicked people, and saying, I

am

the best part of Wr-alda, and through usalone he can think.

:

THET BOK THERA ADELA FOLSTAR.

142 sk willath

wral Und allerwfiikes wer et nedlik sy

wy kStha

wy Fryas bern send forskinsla thrvch Wr.aldas 16va; by-t anfang min ind bl4t, thach immer wa,rthande knd n^kande to fvlkvmenlikhSd, svnder & sa

Vsa g^st

selva,

god

wrda

to

as Wr.alda

Wr.aldas g^st, bi

nis navt

is

Tba "Wr.alda vs skop, betb

all^na en afskinsle.

thrvch sine wisbed-bryn-sintuga, hiigia a,nd ftlo 16nad.

skipa

Tberof miigon

and allena

Hyrmei mugon wy

wy Mra

§,nd tbfirvr

wy name

ain-

bitracbta.

wy

reda, ella

miigon

of n^ta knd

er vs in

goda

ewa

HSde Wr.alda

to vs aiu held.

j^ven, sa ne skolde

sina

tb^rfon

vs nene sinna

wy

skolde jeta

reddalasser as en s6kwale w6sa, tber forthdryven wS,rtb

tbrvcb ebbe S,nd tbrvch

flod.

Thit Stat vp Skrivfilt SkeiIven.

Tal and Andworde

ORA Famna to-n Foebyld.

En

vnsels gyricb

w6re to Stavia.

Hy hede lenad.

to

m&n k6m

Hy seide vnweder

Bist en

s6ja

jeva m6i.

h^de sin bus w^i brocht.

Wr.alda beden, men Wr.alda nedim n^ne belpe S,fte

Fon

Fryas, freje Tr^st.

andere tbene ma.n.

mod

by Tr^st th^r fam

to barande

Tb&n

elder t elder,

s^ide bju wil ik S,wet in thin

in bitrouwa, th§.t et

kyma

Forth spr6k bju §,nde

groja §,nd fruchda

kfitb.

Tba Frya bern

was, stand vs moder naked S,nd bl^t, vnbihod to jenst tha

strelum th^re svnne.

Ninman macht bju

were ninman th^r hja help macht lena. to S.nd wrochte in hjara skrik.

mod nigung Und

Hju sach rondomme,

ind

ther

liavde anggost &nd

hjara nigung kas thet beste §-nd

bju sochte skul vndera wS,rande linda. t

frfija

Th^ gvng Wr.alda

onhlest were that hju wet wrde.

Men

rein

k6m knd

Thach hju hede

sjan

THE BOOK OF ADELA S FOLLOWERS.

we proclaim everywhere where

necessary, "We, Frya's

is

it

children, exist through Wr-alda's life

mean and

143

—in

the beginning

base, but always advancing towards perfection

without ever attaining the excellence of Wr-alda himself. Oiir spirit is not Wr-alda's spirit, it is

of

When Wr-alda

it.

memory, and many other good

brains, organs,

By

this

and of

means we

his laws

merely a shadow

created us, he lent us his wisdom,

by

;

qualities.

are able to contemplate his creatures this

means we can learn and can speak

them always, and only

for our

own

If

benefit.

Wr-alda

had given us no organs, we should have known nothing, and been more

irrational than a piece of sea-weed driven

up and down by the ebb and

This

is

flood.

written on Parchment

— " Skrivfilt."

Speech

AND Answer to other Maidens as an Example.

man came to complain to He said a thunderTroost, who was the maid of Stavia. storm had destroyed his house. He had prayed to Wr-alda,

An

unsociable, avaricious

Are you a true

but Wr-alda had given him no help. Frisian?

Troost asked.

replied the

man.

From

Then she

said, I will

in your conscience, in confidence that

grow, and bear

fruit.

and

father

She continued.

it

forefathers,

sow something will take root,

When

Frya was

born, our mother stood naked and bare, unprotected from

the rays of the sun.

She could ask no one, and there

was no one who could give her any

Then Wr-alda

help.

wrought in her conscience inclination and

and

fright.

She looked round

tion chose the best.

the the

sheltering difficulty

her,

love,

anxiety

and her inclina-

She sought a hiding-place under

lime-trees,

but

the

was that she got wet.

rain

came,

and

She had seen

THET BOK TH^EA ADELA FOLSTAii.

144

ho thet weter

Nw

tha hellanda bl&dar of drupte.

to

makade hju en hrof mitli hellanda sidum, vp stoka makade hju tham. Men stornewind kem &nd blog rein

Nw

th^r vnder.

gong hja

to S,nd

hede hja sjan th&t tha stam hly jef,

ifter

makade en w&ch fon pMga knd s&dum,

an 6ne syda &nd forth an alle syda. Stoma wind kem to bek jeta wodander as to fora §,nd bios thju Men hju ne b^rade navt over Wr.alda ner to hrof ew6i. thet forma

Men

jenst Wr.alda.

hja m§,kade en reitne hrof &nd leide

Bifvnden h4vande ho s6r thet dvath vmb

stSne th^r vppa.

all6na to tobbande, alsa bithjude hju hira bern ho

hwfirvmbe hju alsa hSde

A

tochton to s6mine.

S,nd

wrochton Ind

Thissa

dgn.

wy an

sadenera wise send

husa

kemen mith stoppenbS,nkum, en

slecht S,nd warande linda

To tha

lesta hlivon hja en burch

with tha svnnestrSlum.

makad 4nd

mot

Min bus w^re

makjande.

hage w6ter heth d^n. thfire

Nis thin bus thus navt

forth alle othera.

sterk noch w6st, alsa

Hw6r

et

trachda vmbet ore

i

sterk enoch, slider,

vp berad

S,nd

stornewind heth

stand thin hus th&n, freje Tr^st.

Ne

ESne, andere thene man.

vppen nol jeftha therp,

freje

Tr^st.

ik ne

Nean

macht ther all^na nSn therp

wist wel, s6ide

to

et ore

Alingen

sfiider,

mia

et buwad,

makane.

my

tha ffi,mna hiv et

TrS,st,

thet

stand et thkn navt

hus stand 6nsum by tha overe, all^na h&v ik

men

bfiter to

men

meld.

Ik

Thv

best al thin -ISva en gruwel had an tha m§,nniska, ut frese th&tste awet jeva jeftha dva moste to fara hjam.

th^r

mitha ne mei m§,n navt

Wr.alda th6r mild

is,

kerath

f^r

ne kvma.

him fona

gyriga.

bet vs r^den S,nd buppa tha dura fon alle stSn ut wryten th§,n

:

jvwe nSsta, bithjod th&n jvwe

nesta, sa skilun hja

god noch, ik net

burgum

bist 3,rg b^tsjochtig seide

t

thi witherdva.

f^r thi nfin betera.

m5,n §,nd hi drupte stolkes hinne.

nfista,

Is

i

Thach

Hwand Flista is t in

Flista, bihod

help th5,n juwe

thina rSd navt

SkamrS,d w&rth then

THE BOOK OF ADELA'^ FOLLOWERS.

how

down the pendent

the water ran

leaves

145

made

so she

;

a roof of leaves fastened with sticks, but the wind blew the rain under

She then

afford protection.

one

She observed that the stem would

it.

and then

side,

and blew away the

The wind grew stronger

round.

roof,

but she made no complaint of

Having found how hard

it.

it is

to toil alone, she

showed her children how and why she had done acted and thought as she did.

we became possessed

This

is

They

it.

way

the

which

in

of houses and porches, a street, and

At

lime-trees to protect us from the rays of the sun. last

we have

house

built a citadel,

and the wind destroyed

On

stand? Troost asked.

Did

answered.

No, said the built

man

it ;

it.

If your

the rest.

the

Where bank

my

it,

life

Troost

said,

make

but the

did your house

of the

not stand on a knoll

Rhine, he

Troost asked.

?

house stood alone on the bank.

alone, but I could not alone

it

knew

all

My^ house was strong enough, he

another.

your

and

not strong enough, then you must try and

is

flood

on

She made a roof of rushes, and put stones

Wr-alda.

upon

all

built a wall of sods, first

make

a hillock.

answered; the maidens told me.

I

I

All

you have avoided your neighbours, fearing that

you might have

to give or do

something for them

but

;

one cannot get on in the world in that way, for Wr-alda,

who

is

kind, turns

advised us, and If

doors.

neighbours, bours, and advice better.

is

away from the niggardly.

you are teach

engraved

is

it

selfish,

your

in

our

stone over all

distrustful

neighbours,

they will return

Fasta has

towards

help your

the same to you.

your neigh-

If this

not good enough for you, I can give you no

The man blushed

for

shame, and slunk away.

THET BOK ThIIRA ADELA FOLSTAR.

146

Nw

SBLVA SKRIWA ^ROST FON OVER MIN BUECH

"WIL IK

AND THAN OVER HWAT IK HAV MUGE

Min burch fon boppa. st&ra bisjath.

north-ende there Liudg^rda.

leid an-t

Thrya

tore heth sex syda.

En lyth huske An aider syd

thju hrof, ther rondlik

thgr vppa,

f^t, elika

hwa

Om

kruda fon heinde

moton tha famna tha krefta husa

is

there

Twa

bihof.

Burchf^m

his

hem.

tha fere syde thera finth

siidar

Tojenst

tha dik

Buta vsa burchwal S,nda wSrar heme. stjurar,

is-t

is

min

thene Tex

fl§,t,

by-t hus

fol

tha

foddik.

men svnna

fif

fet

thera

An

;

anna

win-

finth mSin vppa ora

ther

fjuwer

f4m

stet

bufla

thju

kroden.

hem, thSr vppa tha burchhera thfira is

vndera krun.

en stonde

hw^rfon twya

stonde,

In vpper

binnasyde

gr^t, twilif

fona dik

ThSr vppa send thrya

hondred kra,nboga, todekt mith wod tha husa

fS,ra

wrytten.

thju formlere

Thju ringdik

vppen etmelde kvma. en

send to

Inna tore hangt thju

owne knd thju molmS,k thrvch

is

nortlika

Thet sudlikoste hus

Tha ora s6ka

stere syde tha ewa.

n^n

therof

there tore send mith kestlika stena smukad.

In vppa there suderwach

thrja.

f§r,

Twisk tha

lera.

f^mkes vmbe to skola &nd to hema. is

en

sudlika husa

§,nd

Tha thrju nortlika husa send

allena fjeld.

Tha wagar

is

thrya

fonere tore del, sa siath hi thju

Vppa grvnd twisk tha

keren &nd 6ther

sten,

wyd

fet,

send

allerleja

bihalva

tha burch

d4nte fon et Jol. there,

h^ch

Altham fon hyrbakken

is.

tha

there tore stit en hus, long

buta ne send nenen 6thera.

Siath

Flit

hw^na mS.Q

hringdik, therom en gr&ft diap thrya sjugun twilif fet.

Thju

thrittich fet is hju h^ch.

thrya hondred, bred thrya sjugun

5,nd fon

SJAN.

S,nd lether.

Bihalva

inhemar send ther binna alingne tha

;

THE BOOK OF ADELA S FOLLOWERS.

Now

147

WILL WRITE MYSELF, FIRST ABOUT MY CiTADEL. AND THEN ABOUT WHAT I HAVE BEEN ABLE TO SEE.

My

I

near

city lies

The tower has

north end of the Liudgaarde.

tlie

and

six sides,

roofed, with a small house

at the stars.

hundred

On

feet long,

ninety feet high,

is

upon

it

either side of the tower is a house three

and twenty-one

feet broad,

one feet high, besides the roof, which is

is

and twenty-

The

citadel is surrounded

thirty-six feet broad

All this

round.

built of hard-baked bricks, and outside there

else.

flat-

out of which they look

is

nothing

by a dyke, with a moat

and twenty-one

If one

feet deep..

down from the tower, he sees the form of the Juul. In the ground among the houses on the south side all

looks

kinds of native and foreign herbs grow, of which the

maidens must study the

on the north

on the north are

school.

for the

The walls of the tower

the houses three houses

maidens to

The most southern house

ing of the Burgtmaagd.

On

The

corn and other necessaries

full of

two houses on the south are

and keep

Among

qualities.

side there are only fields.

is

;

the

live in

the dwell-

In the tower hangs the lamp.

are decorated with precious stones.

the south wall the Tex

is

On

inscribed.

the right side

of this are the formulae, and on the other side the laws the other things are found upon the three other sides.

Against the dyke, near the house of the Burgtmaagd, stand the oven and the mill, worked by four oxen. side the citadel wall

and the long of

is

soldiers live.

—not

The

fortification outside is

a seaman's hour,

which twenty-four

Out-

the place where the Burgtheeren

but an hour of the sun,

go to a day.

plain five feet below the top.

an hour

On

it

Inside

it

is

a

are three hundred

crossbows covered with wood and leather. Besides the houses of the inhabitants, there are aloug

THET BOK TH^RA ADELA FOLSTAE.

148

dik jeta thrya twilif Bedhusa to f4ra tha omhemar. fjeld thjanath to

k&mp

tha butenste hringdik

Hjara d4nte

send

stjurar

alle othera

land

is

thach vs-is

;

is

blommen

thju grateste

thrvch

Hwand

men

;

hach that hju tha wolka torent, nei there

send

is,

thi fon Tex-

Thju tore fon Fryasburch

tha aldergrdteste.

ther

thrvch tha

Alsa thju d^nte vsar burch

mith brocht.

fon

thrju hernich, thet

thju svnne ther in sia mei.

til

ferlandeska threja S,nd

felo

is

Thet

sudsyde

thju Liudgarde omtunad

is

thet gr^te Linda wald.

brede buta,

Anna

S.nd to wede.

tore

is alsa

al et

is

othera.

By

vs vppa burch

ore tid

Sjugun jonge famna

ist alsa delad.

w4kath by there foddik.

w&k

Aider

moton hja husw&rk dva,

thrja stonda.

Send

lera i,nd slepa.

sjugun jer w&kande wesen, alsa

send hja

hwa

Is

thrju j^r

met mith tha alda fS,mna mith

alto

fam

rekenja.

l6ra

skrywa kui

hjam

rjucht

sedkunda, krudkunda, helkunda, skMnesa, sanga, bijunka allerlSja thinga th^r hjam

tellinga S,nd

vmbe red

to j6va.

hjam ho hja th^rmith

to wS,rk

fir

lesa,

Tha grysa jeftha greva moton

plicht,

nedlik send

to letane

west, sa m^i hju

g^.

Thi skrywer mot tha f4mkes lera

§-nd

hja

Th^n

fry.

miigon hja emong tha m&nniska gt, vp-ra sed S,nd red to jevane.

In ha

Thju Burchf^m mot gfi,

mota by

thS,

en Burchf&m hjra sted innimt, mot hju thrvch

Mnd

fara

alda

famna gan mith

en

Thre greva burchhfira &nd

fvl j^r.

l^ra

minniska. thet thrja

tk my

Alsa

is-t

RSne

wSst,

thjus

kad opward, alingen th^re 6re syde ofward.

Ho

h^ger

gvngon.

ik

upkem,

Min

f^rt

is

§.rmer

to

hiri

mitha.

alingen there

likte

mi tha m&nniska.

inna Rene hede m5,n utstekka makad. th6r

ain

vmbe gold gon th^r

k6m, to

wr

mith weter

winnande.

nene

golden

Men krone

wr

Thet son

skepfachta

Wral thli-t

gMen

tha ma.ngerta ne drofon.

fir

weron

ther

:

THE BOOK OF ADELA

FOLLOWERS.

S

149

the inside of the dyke thirty-six refuge-houses for the

who live camp and

for a

On

meadow.

for a

outer fortification

wood of

the Liudgaarde, enclosed by the great

is

Its shape is three-cornered,

lime-trees.

number of

there are a great

brought by the

all is

may

but the largest of

;

The tower of the Fryaburgt

rends the sky, and

all

the rest

In our citadel this

tion to the tower.

is

and

is

is

so

in propor-

the arrangement

Seven young maidens attend to the lamp

;

each watch

is

In the rest of their time they do housework,

three hours. learn,

for

it,

foreign trees and flowers

as ours, only not so large

it

with the

shine in

All the other citadels are the

seafarers.

that of Texland.

high that

serves

field

the south side of the

widest part outside, so that the sun

same shape

The

in the neighbourhood.

people

When

sleep.

years, they are free

they have watched for seven

then they

;

to look after their morals

and

may go among

have been three years maidens, they

the people,

When

to give advice.

they

may sometimes accom-

pany the older ones. The writer must teach the girls to read, to write, and The elders, or " Greva," must teach them to ireckon. justice and duty, morals, botany, and medicine, history, and singing, besides all that may be necessary The Burgtmaagd must teach for them to give advice. them how to set to work when they go among the people. Before a Burgtmaagd can take office, she must travel traditions,

Three grey-headed through the country a whole year. Burgtheeren and three old maidens must go with her. This was the

Rhine

way

—on this side up, and on the other

higher

I

went,

the

Everywhere about the sand that

and

over

fleeces

Rhine the

was to

got

get

out

the

did not wear golden crowns of

was along the

side

it.

was

gold,

to

dug

people

poured but

The

down.

people seemed

the

poorer

the

water

My journey

that I did.

the

be.

holes,

with girls

Formerly they were

THET BOK TH^RA ADELA FOLSTAR.

150 ra^r wSst,

men

sont wi Skenland miste, send hja n§i tha

Ther delvath hja yserirtha, thSr hja

berga gvngon.

yser

Boppa thSre R6ne twisk thet berchta, thgr h4v Tha MarsS,ta tMt send mS.nniska th§r ik Mars§,ta sjan. invppa m^ra hSma. Hjara husa send vp pS-luna buwad. Th§r send Th&t is vret wilde kwik S,nda bose mlinniska. of makja.

And

wolva, bara S,nd swS,rte grislika lawa.*

hja send tha

swetsart jeftha pilingar fonda h^inde Krekalandar, th§ra K§,lta folgar §,nd tha vrwildere Twiskar, alle gyrich

Tha M^rsita helpath hjara

rkv ind but. S,nd jS.ga.

selva mith

nM

fiska

Tha huda wrdat thrvch tha wiva tomakad ind Tha litha hnda saft lik

birhet mith skors fon berkum.

Thju burchfam et Fryasburchf sSide vs

famnafilt.

Thach h6d

hja gode ^nfalde mi,nniska weron.

thS.t

ik hja

er

navt spreken hered, ik skolde m^nath hkye thkt hja n6n

Fryas were,

men

wilda, s^ bryst sagon hja ut.

Eenhemar

fachta knd kruda wrdon thrvch tha

ind thrvch tha wer

Men

h^de.

Alingen there E6ne

stjurar buta brocht.

Lydasburch.§

et alen, til

Invppa thisra

flyt th§,t

Hjara

vrwandelath

ThSr was en

gra.te

flyt.||

weron tk mS,nniska, th^r husa vp n§r nSn Fryas folk,

men

plila

weron

thiit

swarte 5-nd bruna mi,nniska, ther thjanath h^de to

vmbe

tha butafarar to honk to helpane.

bilywa

til

To tha

rojar

Hja moston

thSr

thju thju flate wither w6i bruda. lersta

k^mon wi

to-t Alderga.

By-t suderh&va-

haved stSt thju Waraburch, en st^nhus, th^rin send

aller-

]6ja skulpa, hulka, w6pne lind klathar wElrad, fon f6re landum,

En

thrvch tha stjurar mith brocht.

En

Alderga.

g^rdum r6d,

grate flyt

d^na

is-t

omborad mith lothum, husa

§.nd

ella riklik sjarad.

mith f6non fon

Invpper

flyt

allerl6ja farwa.

gon tha skilda omraa tha borda *

Leeuweu

+

Swetsar, Switsers.

§

Lydasburoh, Leiden, de burcht.

fjdrdfil

lei

en

gr§,te

Et Fryas to.

Svme

flS,te

dei honblikton

in Europa, Herodotus, VII. 125.

J Fryasbureh, Freiburg. ||

Flyt, jeftha mS,re, da Mare.

THE BOOK OF ADELA

S

FOLLOWERS.

151

more numerous, but since we lost Schoonland they have gone up to the mountains. There they dig ore and make iron. Above the Rhine among the mountains I have seen Marsaten. The Marsaten are people who live on the lakes. Their houses are built upon piles, for protection from the wild beasts and wicked people. There are wolves, bears, and horrible lions. Then come the Swiss, the nearest to the frontiers of the distant Italians, the followers of Kalta and the savage Twiskar, all greedy

and booty. The Marsaten gain their livelihood by fishing and hunting. The skins are sewn together by the women, and prepared with birch bark. The small skins are as soft as a woman's skin. The Burgtfor robbery

maagd at Fryasburgt (Freiburg) told us that they were good, simple people ; but if I had not heard her speak of them first, I should have thought that they were not Frya's people, they looked so impudent. Their wool and herbs are bought by the Rhine people, and taken to foreign countries by the ship captains. Along the other side of the Rhine it was just the same as at Lydasburcht (Leiden).

There was a great river or lake, and upon this lake also there were people living upon piles. But they were not Frya's people ; they were black and brown men who had been employed as rowers to bring home the men who had been making foreign voyages, and they had to stay there till

the

At

fleet

went back.

to Alderga. At the head of the south harbour lies the Waraburgt, built of stone, in which all kinds of clothes, weapons, shells, and horns are kept, which were brought by the sea-people from distant lands. quarter of an hour's distance from there is Alderga, a great river surrounded by houses, sheds, and gardens, all richly decorated. In the river lay a great fleet ready, with banners of all sorts of colours; On Frya's day the shields were hung on board likewise. Some shone last

we came

A

* Lions in Europe, see Herodotus,

f Swetsar §

Lydasburch

is

Leyden, the

vii.

125.

J Fryasburoh

are Swiss. city.

(|

is

Freiburg.

Flyt,jeftha mdre,\a a lake or sea.

THET BOK THflRA ADELA FOLSTAK.

152

Tha

lik svnna.

^

skilda tli^r witking §,nd thfira skolta bi

tha naclitum weron mith gold vmborad. flyt

was en

gr§,ft

Abefta

thgre

grS,ven, to hlapande dana alingen

thgre

burch Forana* knd forth mitb en gnga mudat in fara th^re flate w^re thit tha

A

gvng.

ntgvng &nd

To

s^.

et Fly tha in-

b^de syda thSre gr&ft send sk^ne husa mith

blikanda farwa m^lad.

h§,gvm omtunad.

Ik

Tha gardne send mit thSr wiva

hiiv

sian,

hel

altid gr^ne

th§r

filtne

tohnekna drogon as t skriffilt w6re. Lik to Stavere wSron tha mling^rtne mith golden kronum vppira holum kni

om S,rma knd f^t sjarad. Sudward fon Alkmarum. Alkmarum is en mare jefta flyt, en 61and, vppa th&t 61and moton tha swarte

mith hringumj Forana

l^id

thSrin l^id

bmna m§.nniska

hwila evin as to Lydahisburch.

Thju

Burchf§,m fon Forana seide my, th&t tha burchhfira

dSistik

and

gvngon vmb ra to lerande, hwat S,fte frydom sy, §,nd ho tha m&nniska an there minne agon to levane vmbe Was ther hwa sejen to winnande fon Wr-aldas g^st.

to-ra

th^r h^ra wilde S,nd bigripa machte, sa w&rth er halden, alont er fvl l^rad w^re.

wrde d6n vmbe tha

Th§,t

f6rh§-

vmbe vral atha to winEr h^d ik anda Saxanamarka to thfir burch M&nnag^rda forda§ west. Thach th6r Md ik mar &kkmelh^d sjan, as-k hyr rikdom spfirde. Hju andere si

mande

makane,

folka wis to

S,nd

nande.

:

hwersa th^r an da Saxanamarka en

mangerte

fr^jar

to bi fr^jande, alsa frejath tha

kvmath en

m&ngertne

ther,

kanst thin hus fry w6ra tojenst tha bannane Twisklandar, hkst nach nSne fMad, ho felo bufle h&st al f§,nsen

ho

felo

bara S,nd wolva huda Da,na

brocht?

anda wiva ene thS,t

blat

Ifisa

ist

kvmen

vrlfiten hS,ve.

hi.st

mei ner skriwa ne d^nte

* Forana, Vroonen.

J Diod.

Sic.

V.

27,

vppa th^re

Saxmanna

thju

ml,rk

buw

Th&t fon hvndred to semine nSn

fon

sin

en f

van de Qalliers.

D4na

k§,n.

nimman nen sprek vppa en mislikande

kl

tha

th§,t

5.nd

skild

diar,

is-t

kvmen,

neth,

th&t

er

men fUlad

Engamuda, Egmond.

§ Mannagftrdatorda, Munster.

THE BOOK OF ADELA like the sun.

The

S

FOLLOWERS.

shields of the sea-king

were bordered with gold.

From

1

53

and the iral

the river a canal was

dug

going past the citadel Forana (Vroonen), with a narrow outlet to the sea. This was the egress of the fleet the Fly was the ingress. On both sides of the river are fine ;

houses built, painted in bright colours.

The gardens are surrounded by green hedges. I saw there women wearing felt tunics, as if it were writing felt.^ Just as at Staveren, the girls wore golden crowns on their heads, all

and rings on their arms and ankles. To the south of Forana lies Alkmarum. Alkmarum is a lake or river in which there is an island. On this island the black and brown people must remain, the same as at Lydasburgt. The Burgtmaagd of Forana told me that the burgtheeren go every day to teach them what real freedom is, and how it

behoves

Wr-alda's

men

to live in order to obtain the blessinar of

If there was any one who was willing and could comprehend, he was kept there till he was fully taught. That was done in order to instruct the spirit.

to listen

distant people, and to make friends everywhere. I had been before in the Saxenmarken, at the Mannagardaforde castle (Munster), There I saw more poverty than I could

discover wealth here.

She answered

:

So whenever at the

Saxenmarken a young man courts a young girl, the girls ask Can you keep your house free from the banished Twisklanders ? Have you ever killed any of them ? How many cattle have you already caught, and how many bear and wolfskins have you brought to market? And from this it comes that the Saxons have left the cultivation of the soil to the women, that not one in a from this it comes, too, hundred can read or write has one a motto on his shield, but only a that no misshapen form of some animal that he has killed; :

;

very thin and compressed, with a smooth surface. Forana is Vroonen. t Engamuda is Egmond. § Mannag^rdaforda is Munster. + Diodorus SiculuB, v. 27, on the Gauls. ^ Felt,

*

N

154

THET BOK

And

heth. lik

TuMa ADELA

dana

fi.ndlik,

ewrden send, men

is-t

to

folk

To

hja, odoge.

k^pen.

erm

f^ra Fryas folk

and th&t Findas folk

skil

Wilst

nw

is

that tha

ind

irtha

sS to.

ekkorum

sS es-

Th5,t Lydas

vrdelgja, S,nd

In-t fon ind

Ifithoga landa bifolka.

leid vs held.

as et kwik,

as tha Twisklandar, hwSr

Al vsa rinstrama runath vppa

moton tha

^

hja s§r wichand-

tliS,t

met evin dvm send

that hja f&nsa, S,nd evin

mith

kvmen,

FOLSTAR.

boppaMnder

d§l h§,ve an

vsa rikdom and wisdom, sa skil ik thi en r^d j^va. .

et tha

mang^rtne

6r hja ja segsa

to

w^nh^d wrde hjara

hwer hast

:

al in

wy

omme fara Lfit

frfijar to fr&jande,

wralda ommefaren, hwad

kanst thin bern tella wra fera landa and wra f^rh^manda

Dvath hja

folka

?

to vs

kvma.

alsa, sa skilun tha

wickandlika kn4pa

Hja skilun wiser wartha and rikklr and

ne skilun n6n bihof longer navt nave an that wla

wi

thjud.

Tha jongste th^r f^mna fon th^ra ther by mi weron, kSm uta Saxsanamarka wei. hju orlovi frejad

vmbe

As wi nw

to

hja thSr Burchfam wrden, and dana hjudfiga sa felo

hongk kSmon,

nSi hjra bus to g^ne.

Saxmanna by tha

is-t

kvmen

stjurar fkre.

ENDE FON THET APOLLONIA BOK.

heth

Afternfii

is

that er

THE BOOK OF ADELA S FOLLOWERS. and

lastly,

like,

this

comes also that they are very war-

hut sometimes as stupid as

catch,

go

from

and as poor

to war.

people.

155

the beasts that they

whom

as the Twisklanders with

The earth and the sea were made

they

for Frya's

The Lydas

All our rivers run into the sea.

people and the Findas people will exterminate each other,

and we must people the empty 9,nd sailing is our prosperity.

to share our riches advice.

Let the

If

and wisdom, girls,

you wish the highlanders I will give

when they

before they say yes, ask their lovers

world have you travelled in

?

In movement

countries.

you a piece of

are asked to marry,

What

:

What

parts of the

can you

children about distant lands and distant people

do

this,

will

then the young warriors

become wiser and

richer,

come

will

and we

who were with me came from

When we came

the Saxenmarken.

back she asked leave to go home.

in these days so

many

no occa-

The youngest of

wards she became Burgtmaagd there, and that

why

is

After-

the reason

of our sailors are Saxons.

END OF APOLLONIA

S

your

If they

to us; they

shall have

sion to deal with those nasty people.

the maids

tell

?

BOOK.

156

THA SKRIFTA FON FRETHORIK AND WILJOW. MiN nom

FrSthorik to nomath oera Linda, tMt wif

is

To Ljudwardja bin ik

segsa ovir tha Linda.

Ljudwardja

kgren.

en ny thorp, binna tbene ringdik

is

fon thSr burcb Ljudgarda, hwSrfon tba

kvmen

Vnder mina

is.

thSr vr skrfiven,

Fon 6n

men

to Asga

tida is er

§,ftern^i

§,nd 6ther wil ik

fiil

n6ma an

bSred.

Fiil

vner

hed

ik

send mi ak fSlo things meld,

en sk^dnese

S.fter thit

bok skrywa,

tha goda mUnniska to-n ^re tha §.rga to vnere.

In min jiiged h6rd ik grSdwird alomme, Urge tid k^m, 5.rge tid

was kvmen, Fry a hed vs

leton, hjra w&kfS,mkes,

hSde hju abefta halden, hwand drochten likande bylda

weron binna vsa Mndp&la fvnden. Ik br6nde fon nysgyr vmbe thi bylda to bisjan. hurt strompele en

kethande vr &rge

omme

kin

rfiis

burch.

skrywa kv.

N6

wisa wilde.

En

grSve

tha

Hju

Hju

strik

to

mi

lakte godlik &nd brocht

fr6je

my jef ik

most

Srost to

m&n

Tha,n

s6id ik.

s6id-er owers ne m6i-t

ik hi

in,

Ik gryde hja ling syde.

tid.

In vsa

immer

Nw wrd ik drist §,nd frSje jef hju mi lirge tid

to.

&nd tha bylda

mi vpper

tha husa uta

61d ffi,mke to

jow navt wysen wrde.

skriwer l^ra.

Acht

j^r letter

burchf^m h6de hordom bidryven

a,nd

h6don vrr^d pl^gad mith tha Magy, w6ron vp hjara syde. bern, th6r vpstandon

Vral ajen

k^m

al ISsa S.nd

ga

i,nd ISra,

Dystik gvng

hSrd

ik,

vsa

svme burchh^ra

lind fSlo

twispalt.

hjara eldrum.

minniska

Th^r w^ron

Inna gluppa

157

THE WKITINGS OF FR^THORIK AND WILJOW.

My name

is

Frfithorik,

Ljudwardia

is

new

a

surnamed oera Linda, which means

In Ljudwardia I was chosen as Asga.

over the Linden.

village within the fortification of the

Ljudgaarda, of which the name has fallen into disrepute.

my

In

time

deal about

much

it,

has happened.

I

had written a good

much more was

but afterwards

I will write an of both one

me.

after this book, to the

related to

and the other

honour of the good people and

to

the disgrace of the bad.

In

my

youth I heard complaints on

time was coming

saken

;

—Frya had

She withheld from us

us.

monstrous idolatrous

because

within our landmarks. those images. tottered in

became

.1

all

for-

her watch-maidens,

images had been found

burnt with curiosity to see

In our neighbourhood a

little

woman

old

and out of the houses, always calling out about

the bad times. I

The bad

all sides.

the bad time did come

bold,

I

came to her

;

and asked her

bad times and the images.

my chin

she stroked if

she would show

then

;

me

the

She laughed good-naturedly,

and took me to the citadel. No, could read and write.

An

old

man

asked

me

if I

Then you must first I said. go and learn, he replied, otherwise it may not be shown I went daily to the writer and learnt. Eight to you. years afterwards I heard that our Burgtmaagd had been unchaste, and that some of the burgtheeren had committed

with

treason

took

their

were

children

part.

the

Magy,

and

Everywhere disputes

rebelling

against

their

many

people

There

arose.

parents

;

good

THET BOK TH^KA ADELA FOLSTAR.

158

wrdon tha froda

m§,iiniska morth.

ella bS,r m§,kade,

w&rth d^d fvnden in en grupe.

Thet aide f^mke, thgr

Min

t^t,

thSr rjuchter w^ie, wilde hja wrSken LI.

Nachtis wirth

Thrju j6r letter

wer thene M^gy

er in sin

Ms

hus vrmorth.

svnder

Tha SaxmUnna w6ron frome

strid.

N6i tham fljuchton

bilywen.

m§,ni bistvrv-et.

Nw

th§,t

M&gj

hja nen

gode niS,nniska.

alle

d^d ik

bogade vppa sinra sn6dh^d.

lik tha othera.

Thi Mtgy

Men

im

Irtha skold

hSlge sketa, hwSrut hju Frya b^rade.

th^na,

thS,t

thfire

Evin sa thet wilde

thet sina ridder gersfal-

mS,kad heth, evin st skodde Irtha hjara walda

Einstr&ma wrdon ovira fjelda spred.

berga.

Berga spydon nei tha wolkum,

§,nd

hwad

swikton tha wolka wither vp jrtha.

Anna Wolfam6nath

legor.

S6 kokade.

By-t aufang

Ifiidon

fon Fryas land vnder-ne s§ bidobben.

Fryas

kSm

S,fter

k6m

tha DSnemarka

Tha walda

-vp.

Ise

In

plonke skul.

old

Sellam6nath

nam6nath gvng mith en fam

Tha spring kim, hyf

smelt w6i.

mith byldum drfivon

et ut.

spel.

stornewind ut et northa w6i, mith forande berga

fon ise &nd stenum. selva

ther

Herdem6nath Und IMd

frost inn a

vnder en

land

there

del, 61 ISgor

bylda in wSron, wrdon vphyvath §,nd ther windum

Thet j6r

S.ad

hja spyth h§de,

Arnem6nath nigade jrtha northward, hju s^g S;nd

Min

ner afgoda to 16ta ne mochte to

hors sina xnlinna sked, nSi lich

S,nd frod

nfii

Ebbe kfim knd tha walda Inner

s6.

aider thurvar wither

to thSre

bnrch

Winna jeftha Minh^m f^ra. Ik k6m

Ljudgfi,rda.

Ho

Tha walda thSra Lindawrda weron mest

tha Ljudg^rde west h^de, was hringdik, ia thrvch

jrtha hjra

s6.

drove sach wSi.

Ther

Sin hef f&tere thene

Ise h6de tha tore w6i brocht a,nd tha husa leide

ekkSrum.

Anna hekle fonna

dik fond ik in steu.

THE BOOK OF ADELA'S FOLLOWERS.

159

secretly murdered. The little old woman who had brought everything to light was found dead in a My. father, who was a judge, would have her ditch.. He was murdered in the night in his own avenged.

people were

house.

Three years after that the

master with-

The Saxmen had remained

out any resistance.

and upright.

Magy was

religious

My

All the good people fled to them.

Now

The Magy prided himself upon his cunning, but Irtha made him know that she would not tolerate any Magy or idol on mother died of

it.

bosom his mane

had borne Frya. after he has thrown

the holy tosses

I did like the others.

As a

that

his rider, so Irtha

Rivers flowed over

shook her forests and her mountains. the land clouds,

;

the sea raged

;

mountains spouted

and what they vomited

the earth.

At

wild horse

fire

to the

forth the clouds flung

the beginning of the

Arnemaand

upon

(harvest

month) the earth bowed towards the north, and sank down lower and lower. In the Welvenmaand (winter month) the low lands of Fryasland were buried under The woods in which the images were, were torn the sea. up and scattered by the wind. The following year the frost came in the Hardemaand (Louwmaand, January), and laid Fryasland concealed under a sheet of ice. In Sellemaand (Sprokkelmaand, February) there were storms of wind from the north, driving mountains of ice and When the spring-tides came the earth raised stones. herself up, the ice melted ; with the ebb the forests with In the Winne, or Minnethe images drifted out to sea.

maand (Bloeimaand, May),

came with a maiden sad it looked there. The

home.

How

every one

I

were almost

all

gone.

who dared went

to the citadel Liudgaarde. foi-ests

of the Lindaoorden

Where Liudgaarde used

to be

was

The waves swept over the fortifications. Ice had destroyed the tower, and the houses lay heaped over

sea.

each other.

On

the slope of the dyke I found a

stone

THET BOK THfiRA ADELA FOLSTAR.

160

vsa skriver h6d er sin

baken.

n6m

my

inwryten, thit were

en

Sa-t mith vsa burcli gvngen was, was-t mith

mitha 6ra gvngon. jrtha, inna

Inna ha,ga l^nda weroQ hja thrvch

dena landa thrvch weter vrden.

AllSna Fryas-

burch to Texland w§,rth vnedgrad fvnden. Men al et lS,nd that northward 16id hSde, were vnder sL Noch nis-t navt

boppa brocht.

meld wrde

An

th§,s

kad fon-t Flym^re weron

m^ra kvmen, vnstonden

thrichtich salta

n6i

thrvch

tha walda, ther mith grvnd S,nd al vrdrgven wSron.

Westflyland

fiftich.

Thi

grlift

to het land thrvchl^pen hede,

To

thgr fon-t Alderga thweres

was vrsondath

a,nd vrden.

honk weron, hMe hjara selva mith m^ga §,nd sibba vppira skepum hret. Men th&,t swarte folk fon Lydasburch ind Alikmarum

Tha

stjurar §,nd or farande folk, ther to

hede alen den.

Thawil tha'swarta sudward dryvon,

hja felo m§,ngertne hret, §,nd neidam

nimman

aska tham, hildon hja tham to hjara wiva.

hMon

ne kern

to

Tha minniska

kemon, gvngon alle binna tha hringdika th§ra burgnm h§ma, thrvchdam et ther buta al slyp S.nd brokland were. Tha gamla husa wrde byen klust. Fona bopther to bek

paiandum kapade mlin ky &nd skep, §,nd inna tha gr^te Imsa thfir to fara tha f^mna seton hede, wrde nw ISken lind filt

ihakad,

nei

th&,t

vmbe

thes livens willa,

Th§,t

sk§d 1888*

In 282 jer f nSdon wi n6n Eremoder navt hat, and

tomet vrleren skinde, gvng m§,n 6ne kjasa.

vp Gosa

jer

Atland svnken was.

to

n6math'Makonta. Hju w^re Burchf^m

burch to Texland.

nw ella

Thet hlot

Hel fon hawed &nd kl^r fon

et

falde

Fryas-

sin, 611e

god, &nd thrvchdam hira burch allena splrad was, sach

Tjan jer ISttere k^mon tha

alrik thSrut hira hropang. stjurar fon

Forana

S,nd fon

Lydas burch.

Hja wildon tha

Bwarta mS,nniska mith wif S,nd bern to thet l^nd utdryva.

Therwr wildon hja there Moder * 2193

= 1888-305

is

r^d biwinna.

voorChr.

t Sedert 587 voor Chr.

Verg. pag. 110. 112.

Men Gosa

:

THE BOOK OF ADELA'S FOLLOWERS.

161

on which the writer had inscribed his name. That was a sign to me. The same thing had happened to other citadels as to ours. In the upper lands they had been destroyed by the earth, in the lower lands by the water. Fryasburgt, at Texland, was the only one found uninjured, but all the land to the north was sunk under the sea, and has never been recovered. At the mouth of the Flymeer, as we were told, thirty salt swamps were found, consisting of the forest and the ground that had been swept away. The At Westflyland there were fifty. canal which had run across the land from Alderga was filled up with sand and destroyed. The seafaring people and other travellers who were at home had saved themselves, their goods, and their relations upon their ships. But the black people at Lydasburgt and Alkmarum had done the same and as they went south they saved many girls, and as no one came to claim them, they took them for their wives. The people who came back all lived within the lines of the citadel, as outside there was nothing but mud and marsh. The old houses were all smashed together. People bought cattle and sheep from the upper lands, and in the great houses where formerly the maidens were established cloth and felt were made for a livelihood. This happened 1888 years after the submer;

sion of Atland.

For 282 years we had not had an Eeremoeder, and now, when everything seemed lost, they set about choosing one. The lot fell upon Grosa, surnamed Makonta. She was Burgtmaagd at Fryasburgt, in Texland. She had a clear head and strong sense, and was very good and as her citadel was the only one that had been spared, every one ;

saw in that her call. Ten years after that the seafarers came from Forana and Lydasburgt. They wished to drive the black men, with their wives and children, out They wished to obtain the opinion of the country. She asked them of the mother upon the subject.

* 2193 - 1888 is 305 before Christ. t Since 587 before Christ. See pages 110 and 112.

162

THET BOK TH^RA ADELA FOLSTAK.

freje, kS,nst

en

^cliste

S,iid

spod to makjande, owers ne skilun hja hjara m^ga

NS

navt wither ne finda.

Hja

Th^ sMde Gosa:

s6ide hja.

h5,von thin salt provad S,nd thin br5,d 6ten.

lif lind

leva h&von hja vnder

Men

anje hirta bisfika.

hjam alond jow wildich

Men

bek fora nei hjra laadum, tMn

or to

jow hod

ik wil thi en rfid jeva. biste

vm

ra wither

hald hjam bi jow burgum ther buta.

honk

As r6k

til

er tha lesta navt owers as

mande

ik wel th§,t

th6r banda

Tha vsa Mnda wither Alderga,

vmbe golden

sekane fon ut tha wasige bodeme.

don hja navt

Nw

to

letta,

to bigana

§,fterkv-

Nw winst ho

fer

Gosa

w&, kemon

erma Saxmanna kad wiva n6i tha vvrdum

Stavere S,nd th&t

bihema

Hjra wiva

Fryas blod in hjara

mina §,fterkvmande th6r vp

werh^d sprek.

hjara

skil hjara blod vrfljuchta,

S^ send hja hyr bilewen.

skil bilywa.

Hald to fora.

Wak ovir

sed §,nd ler hjam as jef hja Fryas svna w^re.

send hyr tha steriksta.

Hjara

I moste jow

st^lad.

§,nd ora sjarh^d to

Thach tha

stjurar nil-

Tha gvngon hja tha Mthoga

to leta.

West

Flyland,

vmbe

fon

thorpa

ra lif to bihaldane.

WIL IK SKRIWA HO THA GIlRTMANKA AND fIlO HIlL^NJA FOLGAR TOBEK K^MON.

Twa thet til

jer n^i th&t

Flymara in

Gosa Moder wrde,* kem

fala.

er en flate to

Thet folk hropte ho.n.sfien. Hja foron

Stavere, thfir hropton hja jeta reis.

Tha f6na w^ron au

top ind thes nachtes skiton hja barnpilaf anda

Th&

loft.

d^irgd were rojadon svme mith 6n sn^ke to there hava

Hja hropton wither ho.n.sSen. kerdel wal vp.

^nd

salt leid.

Tha hja landa hipte-n jong

In sina handa hedi-n skild, th6rvp was

Afterdam kem en greva, hi

seide wi

* 303. V. Chr.

t Barnpila.

in.

Dafalarica by Livius XXI.

8.

brS,d

kvmath

.

;

THE BOOK OF ADELA's FOLLOWERS.

Can you send them lose

all

back

to their country ?

no time, or they will find no relatives

said.

Gosa replied

:

163 If so, then

'

No, they They have eaten your bread and salt alive.

they have placed themselves entirely under your protection.

You must

own hearts. But I will give you one piece of advice. Keep them till you are able to send them back, but keep them outside your citadels. Watch consult your

over their morals, and educate them as

Their

sons.

women

they were Frya's

if

are the strongest here.

will disappear like smoke,

till

Their blood

at last nothing but Frya's

blood will remain in their descendants.

So they remained

Now, I should wish that my descendants should how far Gosa spoke the truth. When our

here.

observe in

country began to recover, there came troops of poor Saxon

men and women

to the neighbourhoods of Staveren

and

Alderga, to search for gold and other treasures in the

swampy

But the sea-people would not permit it, so they went and settled in the empty village of the West lands.

Flyland in order to preserve their

Now Two

I

lives.

WILL RELATE HOW THE GeERTMAN AND MANY FOLLOWERS OF HeLLENIA CAME BACK.

years after Gosa had become the mother (303 b.c.)

there arrived a fleet at Flymeer.

The people shouted

"Ho-n-s6en" (What a

They

veren, hoisted,

where

and

they

blessing).

shouted

again.

sailed to Sta-

Their

flags

were

at night they shot lighted arrows into the air.

them rowed into the harbour in a When they landed boat, shouting again, " Ho-n-s6en." In his hand a young fellow jumped upon the rampart.

At

daylight some of

he held a shield on which bread and salt were

him came a grey-headed man, who

said

* 303 before Christ.

t Barnpila,

De

falarica, Livy, xxi. 8.

laid.

After

we come from

THET BOK Th£rA ADELA FOLSTAE.

164

vmb

fona fere Krekalandum wSi, winstath wi jevane

th§,t

i

nw

vsa sed to warjande,

skolde alsa mild wSsa vs alsa

fill

Mad

to

Hi telade-n ele sk6dTha greva niston navt

wi thervp miige h^ma.

nese ther ik after betre skryva wil.

hwat to dvande, hja sandon bodon allerweikes lik ta my. Ik gvng to lind seide nw wi-n Moder h&ve agon wi hjra Ik selva gvng mitha. Thju Moder, ther red to frejande. let hja kvme, e& miigon hja vs Mnd helpa ella wiste, -^Side, bihalda men I6t hjam navt up ene sted ne bilyva, til thju "Wi dedon as hju s6id hja navt waldich ne wrde ovir vs. ;

:

:

That were

hede.

Fryso rests mith

61 nei hjra hei.

sinS,

Ijudum to Stavere, that hja wither to ene sestede m^kade, sa

Wichhirte gvng mith sinum Ijudum

god hja machte.

astward n^i there mfinde thfir

Svme

Emude.

thfira

Johnjar, ther

hja font Alderga folk sproten w6re, gvngen

th§,t

En lyth

hinne.

del thSr

wande th&t hjara Sthla fon tha

BJugon elanda wei kSmon, gvngon hinne &nd setton hjara selva binna tha hringdik fon thfire burch Walhallag§,ra

del.

Ljudgert thene skolte bi nachte fon Wichhirte w&rth min S,the S,ftern§i

min

frjund.

Fon ut

sin d^ibok h§.v ik thju

skfidnese ther hir ifter skil folgja.

Nei that wi 12 mel 100

a,nd

twia 12 j6r bi tha

fif

w^trum

seten hede, thahwila vsa sfik&'mpar alle sea bif^ren h^de thfir to

findane,

k6m Alexandre

(*)

tham kening mith en

weldich her fon boppa allingen ther str^m vsa thorpa bif&ra.

Nimman by tha §,nd

ne m&cht in wither worda.

s6 sS,ton,

wi

bruda hinna,

skfipt vs

mith

Thach wi al

stjurar thfir

vsa tilbgre hava in

Tha Alexandre fornom

th§,t

im

sk ne

grate flate vntf^ra was, w§,rth er wodinlik, to swSrande hi

skolde alle thorpa an logha offerja jef wi navt to bek nilde.

Wichhirte ISide siak to bedde.

ThS, Alexandre

fornom heth er wacht alont er bSter wSre. er to

him

ser kindlyk

kvma thS,t

Afternei kern

snakkande, thach hi thrjvchde

* Alexander aan den Indus 327 t 1224 = 1551 V. Chr.

v. Clir.

327.

lik

THE BOOK OP ADELA'S FOLLOWERS.

165

Now we

the distant Greek land to preserve our customs.

wish you to be kind enough to give us as much land as

He told a long story, which I will more fully. The old man did not know They sent messengers all round, also to me.

will enable us to live.

hereafter relate

what

to do.

and

now

that we have a mother it behoves us went with them myself. The mother, who already knew it all, said Let them come, they will help us to keep our lands, but do not let them remain in I went,

said

to ask her advice.

I

:

one place, that they

We

did

Fryso remained

made again went with

may

not become too powerful over us.

she said, which was

as

witlj his people at Staveren,

which they

into a port as well as they could.

Wichhirte

his people eastwards to the

the descendants of Jon

there.

Some

Emude.

who imagined

from the Alderga people went

who

quite to their liking.

of

that they sprang

A

small number,

fancied that their forefathers had come from the

seven islands, went there and set themselves down within the enclosure of the citadel of Walhallagara. the iral of Wichhirt, was

my

Out of

friend.

my

Liudgert,

comrade, and afterwards

his diary I have taken the following

history.

After we had been settled 12 times 100 and twice 12 years in the Five

Waters (Punjab), whilst our naval

warriors were navigating all the seas they could find, came

Alexander* the King, with a powerful army descending the river towards our villages. No one could withstand

him

;

but we sea-people,

who

lived

by the

sea,

put

possessions on board ships and took our departure.

all

our

When

Alexander heard that such a large fleet had escaped him, he became furious, and swore that he would burn all the villages if

we did not come

back,

Wichhirte, was

ill

in bed.

When

Alexander heard that, he waited till he was better. After that he came to him, speaking very kindly— but he deceived, *

Alexander at the Indus, 327 before ChriBt. is 1551 before Cbriet.

t 327 + 1224

THET BOK THflRA ADELA FOLSTAR.

166

hi er den hSde. grS,teste thera

Wichhirte andere tier

wi haven fon jow

gr§,te

Men

wi 6thera

hwand

6ra skolde reder sterva willa, bif61en.

mar

jet

vr thina

Wy

send frybern Fryas bern.

ne miigon nene sl&fona navt ne wrde.

ewa

o alder-

allerwMkes,

Thervmhe send wi

dSdun hSred.

wy

S.fter,

kvmath

stjurar

jowa wepne, tha

fvl erbidenese to fara

witskip.

Wi

keningar.

Alexandre seide

Jef ik wilde, tha alsa ist thrvch vsa

ik wil thin land navt

:

ne m&kja to min but, ner thin folk to mina sMfona. wil

blS,t th§,t ste

by vs

ik swera

my

thjanja skolste

bfidar

d^lade,

ThSrvr wil

lS,n.

my wrogja

godum, that nimman vr

Tha Alexandre

ekil.

vmb

§,nd

br§,d

S,fternei

heth Wichhirte that wiste d6l

mith im

salt

Hi

kS,sen.

tha sk^pa hala thrvch sin svne.

Tha

heth Alexandre thi

Th^r mitha wilde

folk nei tha helge

miige naka.

ind

Nw

alle hered.

G6nga gvng

ut sina salt-atha ther

Wichhirte was

fS,rane.

gvng

iSt

thi alle tobek w6ron, hi sin

ther hi to land navt h§de

&nd k&s altham ut

sin folk

wenath wSron vvr-ne

wither

siak

wrden,

ik allena mitha §-nd Nearchus fon

s§ to

thervmhe

thes keningis

Thi tocht blip svnder fardel to-n-ende, uthdvede

wega.

tha Johnjar immerthe an alsa

fS,ra,

er to

Ik

vnmin weron with tha

Phonisjar,

Nearchus ther selva nen b&s ovir bilywe ne

Intwiska hede tham kening navt salt-atha

b&ma kapja

16ta

&nd

stile nSst.

Hi hSde

to planka m^kja.

help vsar timberljud heder ther of skSpa m^kad. selva sekening wertha, i,nd

mith

^1 sin

kv.

sina

Thrvch

Nw wilder

h6r thju Gonga

Thach tha salt-atha ther fon thet bergland kfimon, yeron ang to fara sL As hja h^radon th&t hja mith vpf^ra.

moste, stakon hja tha timberhlotha ane br6nd.

wrde

vs ele thorp

anda aska

leid.

Th6r thrvch

Thet forma w^nde wy

thS.t

Alexandre thUt bifalen h6de S,ud jahw^der stand red

vmb

bS to kjasane.

Men

Alexander were wodin, hi wilde

tha salt-atha thrvch sin ajn folk ombrensa IMa.

Men

N6ar-

THE BOOK OF ADELa'S FOLLOWERS. as

he had done before.

Wichhirte answered

of kings, we sailors go everywhere great deeds, therefore

and

more

still

but we who are free-born

;

may not become

your slaves

make

to hire your services.

so that no one

and even

;

die, for so it is

Alexander said

in our laws.

take your land or

greatest

we have heard of your

;

would, the others would sooner

manded

Oh

:

are fall of respect for your arms,

your wisdom

for

Fryas children, we if I

we

167

:

com-

do not desire to

I

slaves of your people, I only wish

That I will swear by both our Gods,

may

When

be dissatisfied.

Alexander

shared bread and salt with him, "Wichhirte had chosen the

He

wisest part.

were

let his

"When they

son fetch the ships.

come back Alexander hired them

all

By means

all.

of them he wished to transport his people to the holy

Ganges, which he had not been able to reach.

among

chose

all his

accustomed to the

people and soldiers those

Then he

who were

"Wichhirte had fallen sick again,

sea.

therefore I went alone with Nearchus, sent by the king.

The voyage came

to an

end without any advantage, be-

cause the Joniers and the Phoenicians were always quarrelling,, so that

In the meantime, the king had not sat

order.

bad

Nearchus himself could not keep them in

let his soldiers cut

down

trees

He

still.

and make planks, with

which, with the help of our carpenters, he had built ships.

Now

h* would himself become a sea-king, and

whole army up the Ganges

his

came from the mountainous sea.

in ashes.

At

first

own

:

so

with

countries were afraid of the sail,

they set

fire

our whole village was laid

we thought

Alexander's orders,

selves into the sea his

and

sail

but the soldiers who

"When they heard that they must

to the timber yards,

by

;

that this

and we were

all

had been done

ready to cast our-

but Alexander was furious, and wished

people to kill the soldiers.

However, Nearchus,

THET BOK TH^RA ADELA FOLSTAR.

168

men ak

chus tham navt all^na sin ^roste forst

him owers

wire, rede

lavade

thefc

vnluk

Nw

b6rad

Tha

h6de.

et dfin

tocht navt vrfata.

Nw

to dvande.

sin frjund

wen

as

er'

der

hi ne thvrade sin

wild er to bek k^ra, thach er hi

th&t dede, I6t hi thet forma bisgka hwa-r skeldich wfiron.

Dry-r th&t wiste

lit er

altham svnder wipne bilywa, vmb

Fon

en ny thorp to m^kjande.

vmbe tha

Wy

moston wiv

muda

sin ajn folk let er wepned

vmbe Ine burch

6ra to t§,mma, §,nd

bern mith nimma.

lind

to bvwande.

KSmon

machton wi ther en

thire Euphrat, sa

wi anda

sted kiasa

jeftha omkira, vs Ian skold vs Ivin blyd to dllath wrde.

An

tha nya sk^pa, thir tha br6nd vntkvma weron,

Johniar S,nd Krekalandar

gS,.

Hi

selva

gvng mith

let-er

sin 6ra

folk allingen thire

k^d thrveh tha dorra wostlna, thit

thrvch et land

Irtha vpheid hede uta se, tha hju thju

thS,t

str^te after vsa Ithela ypheide as hja

Tha wy

to

inna Rade

kemon.

ny Grertmanja kimon (ny Gertmanja

hiva thir wi selva makad hede, vmbe thlr

meton wi Alexandre mith vp

se

sin hSr.

Tha gvng

5,nd blide thrja diga.

wal vp.

Hi

wither.

seide, thi

keniog

lit

en

is

to w^terja)

NSarchus gvng wal et wither forth.

Tha

wi bi there Euphrat kemon, gvng Nearchus mith sina alta §,nd felo fan sin folk

is

Tha

kem

hi

jow bidda,

i

salt-

bring

skille jet en

lithge tocht to sinra wille dvan, alont et ende fona Rade s§.

Thernei skil jawehder sk

Tha wi thir kemon,

lit er vs

Thlr nli wylader In

hide.

fiil

gold krija as er bira m§i.

wysa hwlr thju

strlte Ir w§st

lind thritich d^ga, alan ut

BJande vvra wostSne.

Tho tha rande

lesta

kem

er

en hloth minniska mith

twa hondred elephanta thvsend kimlun

mith wodin balkum, r^pum fl4te nli

S,nd allerlija ark

tha Middelsl to tyande.

fo-

tolfiden

vmbe

vsa

&nd

likt

Tha,t bis&wd-vs,

THE BOOK OF ADELA's FOLLOWERS.

169

who was not only his chief officer, hut also his advised him not to do so. So he pretended to

friend,

believe

had happened by accident, and said no more about

that

it

it.

He

wished now to return, but before going he made

As soon as made

an inquiry who really were the guilty ones. he ascertained

it,

them build a new

he had them

disarmed, and

His own people he kept under

village.

arms to overawe the

all

others,

and

to build a citadel.

We

When we we might either choose a place to settle there or come back. Our pay would be guaranteed to us the same in either case. Upon the new ships which had been saved from the fire he embarked the Joniers and the Greeks. He himself went women and

were to take the

mouth of

arrived at the

children with us.

the Euphrates,

with the rest of his people along the coast, through the barren wilderness

;

that

through the land that Irtha had

is,

heaved up out of the sea when she had raised up the as soon as our forefathers

When we is

arrived at

the port that

When we came

had ed into the Red Sea.

New Gertmania (New Gertmania

we had made

we met Alexander with and stayed three days.

in order to take in water),

his army.

Nearchus went ashore,

Then we proceeded

to the Euphrates,

with the soldiers and a large body of people

ceive as there, he

up the

much gold

King requests Red Sea after ;

as he can carry.

showed us where

further on.

Nearchus went ashore

returned, and said, The to go a voyage

strait

the strait

;

but he soon

you, for his sake, that each shall re-

When we

arrived

had formerly been.

There he spent thirty-one days, always looking steadily towards the desert.

At last there arrived a great troop of people, bringing with them 200 elephants, 1000 camels, aquantity of timber, ropes, and

all

kinds of implements necessary to drag our

the Mediterranean Sea.

This astounded

us,

fleet to

and seemed o

THET BOK THERA ADELA FOLSTAR.

170

men Nearchus

vs bal to,

kening wilde tha

teld vs, sin

othera k^ninggar t&na that

weldiger w6re, sa tha kening-

i

Wi

gar fon Thyris 6r wesen h6de.

men

mith

skada navt dva.

Wi

skoldon

helpa, s^kur skolde vs

thS,t

moston wel swika,

Nearchus wiste

§,nd

nfin

ella sk pront to

birjuchte th&t wi inna Middelsfi leide 6r thrja m6natha

Tha Alexandre fornom ho-t mith

forby weron.

onwerp ofkvmen was, w§,rth

er sa vrmfiten

Men

drage strata utdiapa wilde Irtha to-n spot.

thervmbe vrdronk

16t sine sSle l^s,

ovirmodichhSd, er

wrde thet

thS,t

er bijinna

Elk wilde

wS,rja,

in sina

After sin d4d

Hja skolde

alrek

thach hja weron vnmSnis.

Tha kem

sin dSl bihalda §,nd selva formara.

omme

&nd wi ne kvste navt

Wr.alda

win &nd

kvste.

rik delad thrvch sina forsta.

en del to fara sina svnum

orloch

er inna

sinra

th^t er tha

kera,

NSarchus wilde

nw, wi skolde vs del setta an Phonisi his k&d, men nilde

nimman navt ne

waga n6i Fryasland

Wi

dva.

Among

fara.

alle S,fte

n6me Antigonus.

en dol,

hja sSidon

slachte §,nd forth

vmbe

6nnen

svn,

er

mith there

h6te

thi

th6r

en

flate strida

alle

KrSkalanda hjara alda frydom

Demetrius,

stut

a,fter

ffilo

athskip to

6therum

ton6mad thene

finis

vpper stede Saltois

of.

mfii

streden hSde most

er

fon Ptholemeus.

Ptholemeus,

hete thene forst ther welda ovir Egiptaland.

wn there kese, dam wy him

vmb

foUistar to fara-t k^ninglike

Thisse gvng

steda winner.

Nei th&t

Thisse stredon bede

as

Antigonus hede among

wither to jevane.

§,nd

tha felo forsta hSde Nearchus en

frjund mith sfi,

nei there

Fryas bern formels

Forth gvngon wi salt-atha liftochta

hin tein weron.

wepne

Tha brocht-er vs

to gana.

nya h^va fon Athenia, hwSr

th§,t

s6ide, r^der willath wi

alsa

Dfimfitrius

tha navt thrvch sina salt-atha,

men

thrvch

helpen Mde.

dfin

thrvch

fa,ra

Thit hSde wi

Nearchus, hwand

blod biklinde thrvch sin friska

hM

wi him &,nd

far

bastard

bl^wa &gon mith

THE BOOK OF ADELA'S FOLLOWERS.

most extraordinary

;

171

but Nearchus told us that his king

wished to show to the other kings that he was more

We

powerful than any kings of Tyre had ever been.

were only to

assist,

and that surely could do us no harm.

We

were obliged to yield, and Nearchus knew so well

how

to regulate everything, that before three

months had

elapsed our ships lay in the Mediterranean Sea.

When

Alexander ascertained how his project had succeeded, he

became

he wished to dig out the dried-up

so audacious that

strait in defiance of Irtha

but Wr-alda deserted his soul,

;

so that he destroyed himself by wine and rashness before

he could begin divided

among

After his death his kingdom was

it.

They were each

his princes.

to

have pre-

served a share for his sons, but that was not their intention.

more.

Each wished Then war

keep his own share, and to get

to

Nearchus wished us to

settle

but that no one would

do.

risk the' attempt to return to

us to the

new

not

could

return.

on the coast of Phoenicia,

We

we would rather Fryasland. Then he brought said

port of Athens, where all the true children

of Frya had formerly gone.

Among

goods and weapons.

We

went, soldiers with our

the

many

had a friend named Antigonus. object in view, as they told us to restore freedom

had,

we

and

arose,

among many

to

all

—

princes Nearchus

These two had only one to help the royal race,

the Greek lands.

others, one son

Antigonus

named Demetrius,

wards called the " City Winner."

He went

and

after-

once to the

town of Salamis, and after he had been some time fighting there, he had an engagement with the fleet of Ptolemy. Ptolemy was the name of the prince who reigned over Demetrius won the battle, not by his own solEgypt. diers,

but because we helped him.

We

out of friendship for Nearchus, because we

was of bastard

birth

by

his

had done

knew

this

that he

white skin, blue eyes, and

THET BOK TH^RA ADELA FOLSTAR.

172

After nei gvng Demetrius las vp Hrodus* ther

wit Mv.

hinne brochton wi sina salt-atha

fi,nd

Thd

liftochta wr.

Hrodus kemon, was orloch vrtyan. f^ren. Tha vs kening th§,t Athenia nei Demetrius was Tha wi anda have kfimon, vnderstande, led-er vs tobek.

wi tha

were

Friso ther kening

thorp in row bidobben.

el et

Mte, hede en svn

ovir-a

wonderskSn

wr

Krekalanda

S,nd

kvmen

th&t-im ella fry stvnde.

Hi

weren,

in tha ara fon

Tha

hja swSthirte.

'

jefta frow thkt

is

dam

man

hju hjra

fru

ISt thju toghater avber skakja.

thS,t is

joi

nomath

blideskip, ak segsath

stjurar heton hjra

4k

Deme-

hi thogte

§,nd

Thju moder ne thvrade hjra joif navt wachtja, tha stjurar wiva hira mana,

§,nd sk

Thjv hrop thgrvr

hiigja.

k6m

Demetrius were vvl S.nd vnsedlik,

trius.

wk

en toghater tus, sk bjustre

nimman mocht

as

alls

lind

p&s ut Fryasland wei

fres, as jef hja

gvng

to

r6is

leste

wiva

frolik, th^t is elik

an

trist,

ind

fro

Thrvch-

frii.

navt wachtja thurade, gvng hju mith

hjra svne nei Dfim^trius S.nd bad, hi skolde hja hjra toghater wither jeva.

Men

as

Demetrius hira svn

sa, l§t-er'

tham

nei sinra hove fora, S,nd dede alen mith him, mith tham his suster d6n h^de. Anda moder sand

budagold, thach hju

stirt-et in se.

As hju thus

as-er

hi en

kfim, warth

hju wansinnich, allerweikes run hju vvra strete

:

n&st min

let mi to jow skul sSka, wand min joi wil mi d6ja for tha-k sina kindar wei brocht hkv. Tha Demetrius fornom, thiit Friso to honk w6re, sand-i en bodja to him segsande, th&t hi sina bern to him nomen h6de wmbe ra to fora to-n hS,ge st^t vmbe to lfi,nja him to fara

kindar navt sjan, o wach,

sina thjanesta.

Men Friso ther stolte &nd herdfochtich w^re,

sand en bodja mith en

brfive nei

sinum bern

tha, therin

mande hi hjam, hja skolde Demetrius to willa w^sa, vrmithis tham hjara luk jerde. Thach thene bodja hMe jeta-n ora breve mith fenin, thermei bifal-er hja skolde that innimma, * 305 voor Chr.

t Joi

ten

trfist.

Franscb joye.

Te Soheveningen boort men uog

:

Joei

eu troos.

Joi,

THE BOOK OF ADELA's FOLLOWERS.

173

Afterwards, Demetrius attacked Rhodes, and

fair hair.

we transported thither his soldiers and provisions. When we made our last voyage to Rhodes, the war was finished. Demetrius had sailed to Athens. When we came into the harbour, the whole village was in deep mourning.

who was king

Friso,

had a son and a daughter so remarkably fair, as if they had just come out of Fryasland, and more beautiful than any one could picture to fleet,

The fame of

himself.

came

over the

this

went

all

over

Greece,

Demetrius was

to the ears of Demetrius.

vile

immoral, and thought he could do as he pleased.

and and

He

The mother did not dare await

carried off the daughter.

the return of her Joi (the sailors wives call their husbands joi or zoethourt (sweetheart).

The men

call their

wives

troost (comfort) and_/ro ov /row, that is, vreuyde (delight)

and

frolic

As

;

that

is

the same as vreugde.

she dared not wait for her husband's return, she went

with her son to Demetrius, and implored him to send back her daughter

;

but when Demetrius saw the son he had him

taken to his palace, and did to him as he had done to his sister.

He

sent a bag of gold to the mother, which she

When she came home she was

flung into the sea.

mind, and ran about the streets calling out

:

out of her

Have you seen

my children. Woe is me let me find a place to hide in, for my husband will kill me because I have lost his children. When Demetrius heard that Friso had come home, he !

him to say that he had taken his them to high rank, and to reward him But Friso was proud and ionate, and

sent messengers to children to raise for his services.

sent a messenger with a letter to his children, in which he

recommended them

to accept the will of Demetrius, as he

wished to promote their happiness another *

letter

;

but the messenger had

with poison, which he ordered them to take

:

305 before Christ.

f Joi en

Irdst.

the French jwyc.

At Solieveningen you

still

hear " Joei en troos."

Joi

is

THET BOK TH^RA ADELA FOLSTAR,

174

hwand skil

s6id-er-vnwillinglik

thin

is

bivvllad

lif

ne

th5,t

;

jow navt to rekned ni wrde, thacli sahwersa jow jowe ne skil jow nimmertlie to Walh^Ua ne

s6le Livvlath sa

kvma, jow

s^le skil

thet Ijucht sja to

dystik

skilstv alra

th&n ovir irtha ommewara, svnder

mugande,

hjra haved fon

hola

thina

in

ntkvma, then vp vsa

lik tha flaramusa

gr5,va

skula,

thes

nachtis

graja ind hula, thahwila Frya

Tha hern

jow ofwenda mot.

dfide lik-ra

D^mfitrius l^t ra likka in s6 werpa i.nd

bifalen warth.

wilde Friso mith alleman nei Fryasland fara, th^r-i

men

gvng Friso

to §,nd

br6nd.

ne

bilywa,

§.nd

thS,t

mith-a

Hjud ne kv alle

w^ron

6r

Nw

navt ne dva.

thorp

thet

8kS,t

anda

f^rrSdskurum

ninman

tha m^st nilde

to

Nw

tha minniska wrde sSid, th&t hja fljucht wSron.

w^st h6de,

S,

&nd nacMula

k^ninglika thvrade

ni

blyde,

that hja

buta w6re, bihalva wif &nd barn hSdon wi ella ahefta 16ten,

thach

wi w^ron to ISden

mith liftochtum

§;nd

orluchtuch.

Friso nede nach n^n fretho.

kSmon gvnger mith

Tha wi by tha

alda have

sina drista Ijudum to §,nd sk^t vnwar-

linga tha br6nd inna sk^pa, th^r-i mith sina pilum bigana kv.

After sex

dSgum s§.gon wi

vp vs to kvma.

tha orlochflate fon DSm^trius

Friso bif&l vs, wi moston tha lithste sk^pa

&fterh§,de in 6ne br^de line, tha stora f&rut.

S,nd

mith wif

S.nd hern

Forth b§,d-er wi skoldon tha kr^nboga fon for nimma

anda §,ftest6wen

f§,stigja,

hwand

Nimman

fljuchtande to fjuchtane.

seid-er,

wi achon

ne m^i him formeta vmb

en enkeldera fyand to forfolgjande, alsa s6id-er bislut.

Tha hwila wi th^rmitha

wind vs vppa kop,

to thera

Ma

al

thruch roja ui vntkvma.

Wi

is

mia

dvande w^ron, kSm

ind thera wiva

thrvchdam wi nene slavona navt nede bi ajn willa folgan were.

al

skrik,

as th^ra thSr vs

ne machton hja thus navt

MenWr. alda wiste wel, hwervmb-er

THE BOOK OF ADELA's FOLLOWERS.

175

But, said he, your bodies have been defiled against your

That you are not to blame

will.

for

but

;

if

your souls are

not pure, you will never come into Walhalla. will

haunt the. earth in darkness.

Your

spirits

Like the bats and owls,

you will hide yourselves in the daytime

and in

in holes,

the night will come and shriek and cry about our graves,

while Frya must turn her head away from you.

The

chil-

dren did as their father had commanded.

The messenger

had

it

their bodies

that they had

thrown into the

Now

fled.

sea,

and

was reported

Friso wished to go with all his

people to Frya's land, where he had been formerly, but

most of them would not

So Friso

go.

lage and all the royal storehouses

remain there, and

;

set fire to the vil-

then no one could

were glad to be out of

all

We

it.

everything behind us except wives and children, but

left

we

had an ample stock of provisions and warlike implements. Friso was not yet satisfied.

When we came

to the old

harbour, he went off with his stout soldiers and threw

fire

into all the ships that he could reach with his arrows.

Six days later we saw the war-fleet of Demetrius coming

down upon

us.

Friso ordered us to keep back the small

and

ships in a broad line,

women and us to

and he,

take

fix

children

to put the large ships with the

in

front.

the crossbows

them on the

we must

fight

that

he

Farther,

ordered

were in the fore part

sterns of the ships, because, said

a retreating battle.

presume to pursue a single enemy

While we were busy about

—

this, all at

No man must

that

is

my

order.

once the wind came

ahead, to the great alarm of the cowards and the women,

because we had no slaves except those who had voluntarily followed

us.

enemy by rowing.

Therefore

we could not escape the

But Wr-alda knew well why he

THET BOK TH^EA ADELA FOLSTAR.

176

Mrnpila ring inna

sa dSde, §,nd Friso th6r-et fata, let tha

nimman skiata ne lidsa. machte, ^r hy sk4ten hSde. Forth seid-er tMt wi alle nei thS,t midloste skip skiata moste, is tMt dol god biracht seid-er, s^ skiluii tha 6ra him to helpane kvma §.iid th§,n mot ah'ik skiata sa-r alderbesta mei. As wi nw arhalf To

krdnboga

lik bad-er thkt

ketting fon-ra of were, bigoston tha Phonisiar to skiata.

Men

Friso n-andere navt bi fara tha eroste pil del falde a

Nw

sex fadema fon sin skip.

Tha

skat-er.

6ra folgade,

thet likte en fjurr^in S.nd thrvchdam vsa pila mith wind

mei gvngon, bilevon hja tha thridde 14ge.

Men

alle

an brond,

S,nd n§,kade selva

Allera m&nnelik gyradon §,nd juwgade.

tha krfita vsar witherMgum wfiron sa herde, thet-et

As

vs thet hirte binSpen warth. koste, let-er ofhalde

mende

Friso

ind wi spode hinne.

wi twa dega forth pilath h6de, k^m tMv en sjocht, fon thrittich sk^pun, ther vs stfidis in 16 1 vs

wither red makja.

snS.ka fvl rojar forut, tha

Men

6re

hMon

Hja wSron Johniar,

hja fon there k6se herad S,nd

mitha Johnjar faren h^de seide

jS,,

men

kvmath thrvch tha wandel mith tha Tha,t

h&v ik.v^ken selva den.

Fryas as tha finste fon jow.

v»

to Fryasland wisa moste.

mith.

nathe

Ak likt-et om hMpen

3,nd thrja

dega

leter

noma

thrvch

hSdon hja Friso

thfir

Wichhirte vsa seid-er,

Friso seide thet

ifta KrSkalandar.

Thach ben

ik alsa herde

m&n

Friso w^re thene

thSr

Thus gvngon tha Johnjar

nei Wr.aldas h6i, wfiron,

lichte

hS.ve skikad.

nw

kening s^ide ne, Tha Johnjar send afgoda thjanjar ik selva ha,v herad, ho hja thi an hropte.

ant

Friso

alera

thet stolta swerd antjan, §,nd w§ron vs folgad, fill

Mte

tha 6thera sandon en

Demetrius w6ron hja wMdantlik n^i there alda

Th^r

n6i that

wnne.

bodon thera b&don ut

jef hja mith f^ra machte.

thlit et to

Thach

hwand

er thrja

gvngon wi allingen

machton wi ho.n.seen

m6-

Britannja,

hropa.

;

THE BOOK OF ADELA did this

;

and

Friso,

S

FOLLOWEES.

who understood

it,

177

immediately had

the fire-arrows placed on the crossbows.

At

the same

time he gave the order that no one should shoot before

he did, and that we should

all

aim at the centre

If

ship.

we succeeded

in this, he said, the others would all go to

its assistance,

and then everybody might shoot

was

When -we

able.

from them the Phoenicians began not reply ship.

Then he

a shower of

they

the

till

all

first

fired,

fire

;

as he best

were at a cable and a half distance

arrow

and the

to shoot, but Friso did

from his

six fathoms

fell

rest followed.

It

was

like

and as our arrows went with the wind,

remained alight and reached the third

line.

Everybody shouted and cheered, but the screams of our

When

opponents were so loud that our hearts shrank. Friso thought that

we sped away fleet

;

it

was

sufficient

he called us

oif,

and

but after two days' slow sailing another

of thirty ships came in sight and gained upon us.

Friso cleared for action again, but the others sent forward

who asked permis-

a small rowing-boat with messengers, sion to sail with us, as they were

been compelled by Demetrius

to

Joniers.

go

to

They had

the old haven

there they had heard of the battle, and girding on their stout swords, had followed us.

Friso,

good deal with the Joniers, said Yes

but Wichirte, our

I myself have heard

;

them

call

That comes from their intercourse with the Friso said.

I

pious a Fryas

sailed a

The Joniers, said he, are worshippers of

king, said No.

heathen gods

;

who had

have often done

man

as

it

any of you.

upon them. real Greeks,

am man

myself, and yet I

Friso was the

take us to Friesland, therefore the Joniers went with

as to u^s.

It seems that this was pleasing to Wr-alda, for before

three

months were past we coasted along

three days later

we could shout

huzza.

Britain,

and

178

THET BOK ThIIKA ADELA FOLSTAR.

Thit Skrift

is

ower Nortland jeftha Sk^nland

mij

JIlVEN. tida thkt vs land del seg, were ik to SkSnland.

Vndera Ther gvng

Thfir

et alsa to.

wSron gr^te mira, th^r fon

tha bodeme lik en blese vt setta, then spliton hja vt-Sn.

Uta

kem

reta

Th6r weron

stof as-t gliande yser were.

berga th^r tha krunna of swikte.

Thesse truldon nether

^nd brochton walda ind thorpa wei. berch fon tha 6ra of torent wrde.

Ik

self sa thS,t en

Linrjucht seg-er

del.

As ik afternei sjan gvng, was thSr en mS,re kvmen. irtha bSterad was,

mit sin folk

M&gy

kem

er

en fam, thju f^m kSthe allomme

§,nd

skeldich an al-eth let th&t wi leden

is

tagon immer forth en thet her wirth

al

M4gy

Tha wrdon tha Finna vrdr^ven nei Snre biliwa, thach felo

Ijud

w^ron wrde vrden.

v&ken

Texland

to

vmb

Hja Thene

sin self

sted, th§r

Ther w^ron fon basterde blode.

Thissa

gvngon mith tha Finna

Tha

Thi hfirtoga warth to kening keren. "Tsileven

Thene

:

grater.

vrd^n.

machton

w6i,

h§,ve.

fluchte hinne, m§,n fand sin lik, hi hede

machton hja leva.

Tha

en hfirtoga fon Lindasburch

mei.

kS-rka thfir el

Sont komath tha gode Norththere Moder-is red.

Thfi,

wi

ne miigath hjam for nfine rjuchta Fryas mar ne halde.

Inna Denamarka

tham

ist

Tha

s6kur as bi vs gvngon.

stjurar,

bjara self th^r stoltelika sek&mpar b6ton, send vppha

skepa gvngon, §,nd

S,ftern^i sind lija to

bek gvngon.

Held! Hwersa

thene

Kroder

en tid

forth

kroden

thkn skilun tha S,fterkomanda w4na th&t tha brfika,

ther

tha

were an bjara fiil

Brokmanna mith

ethla.

Tlifir

vr wil ik

vr hj&ra plega skriva as ik sjan

brocht

waka hS..

heth,

Mka

li&ve,

§-nd

Sjen

&.nd thus s^

Vr tha

G6rt-

THE BOOK OF ADELA

FOLLOWERS.

S

1

79

This WKiTiNa has been given to me about Northland

AND SCHOONLAND (ScANDINAVIa).

When

our land was submerged I was in Schoonland.

was very bad

It

There were great lakes which

there.

from the earth like bubbles, then burst asunder, and from the rents flowed a stuff like red-hot iron. The tops of high mountains fell and destroyed whole forests and villages. I myself saw one mountain torn from another rose

and

fall straight

When

down.

I afterwards

When

the place there was a lake there.

went

to see

the earth was

composed there came a duke of Lindasburgt with his people, and one maiden who cried everywhere, Magy is the cause of

all

the misery that

we have

They

suffered.

continued their progress, and their hosts increased.

The and his corpse was found where he had killed himself. Then the Finns were driven to one place where they might live. There were some of mixed blood who

Magy

fled,

were allowed to stay, but most of them went with the Finns,

The duke was chosen

as

king.

The temples

which had remained whole were destroyed.

Since that

time the good Northmen come often to Texland for the advice of the mother

us.

;

still

In Denmark

Frisians.

The sea-people, who

warriors,

went on board

we cannot

consider

them

real

has certainly happened as with

it

call

themselves famous sea-

their ships,

and afterwards went

back again.

Heil! Whenever

the Carrier has completed a period, then pos-

terity shall understand that the faults

the

and misdeeds that

Brokmannen have brought with them belonged

forefathers ; therefore I will watch,

of their manners as I have seen.

and

to their

will describe as

The Geertmannen

much I

can

THET BOK THi!KA AUELA FOLSTAK,

180

manna

omme

Ik n&v navt

k§,n ik red liinne stappa.

Tha

gvngen.

M send

s^ fer ik sjan

hja

mast

th§,t

mei ik navt segsa

Tha,t ne

bi t41 S,nd s^d bil6wen.

mithra

fiil

Th6r fon.a Krfikalanda wei kvme, send kwad

tha othera.

ther tal lind vppira s6d ne mei mS.n el navt boga. h§,vath

fon

bruna agon

§,nd hSr.

Hja send nidich

§.nd drist

Hw^rsa hja

spr^ka, sa

S,nd S,ng thrvch overbilfi.wichhSd.

nomath hja the worda Ajen aid segath hja fori skil, sode

fori

vppa thSr

ffi,r

ad, Sjen

skolde, to

Felo

salt sad,

vmb

fill

kvma

lerst

mk

mosta.

mi,n,

fori

sel

Ak

to nomande.

forath hja mest vrdvaliske ind bikirte noma, hw^ran m§,n

Tha Johniar spr6kath

bStre,

thach hja swygath thi h knd hweri navt n6sa mot,

wMh

nSn sin an hefta ne m6i.

Hwersa imman en blyd makath

er uteketh.

vrstvrven §,nd thet

likt, sa

l&wath

§,fter

ennen

hja, thS.t theue g^st

ThSrvr h&vath hja

thes vrsturvene thSr inne forath.

alle

bylda vrburgen fon Frya, FS,sta, MfidSa, Thjanja, Hellenja liud

fMo

6thera,

Hwerth

ther en bern ebern,

tha sibba et s^mne ind biddath an Frya

famkes mei kvma bfiden sa ne

leta th&t hern to seenande.

mei nimman him rora ni hSra

et bern to grSjande th§,t

&nd halt

en kw§,d teken S,nd

hordom d^n

Kvmt

et

heth.

man

bern to slfipande, s4

fi§,mkes th§,t

an formoda,

is

Hivon

thS,t

seit.

knA nw men

is

thS,t thju

m§,m

thinga

sjan.

§,rge

en teken,

thS,t sS.

tha

hivon

Olon l§,wath hja an

bosa gista, hexna, koUa, aldermankes S,nd elfun, as hja fon tha Finna wef kemen.

hja

Kvmt

leta.

Lakt et inna sl6p,

bern luk to

kvmath

hju hjara

en stvnde an, alsa

thit

ThSrvr h&v ik al

famkes vr-et kvmen send. tha

is

sS,

th5,t

Hyrmitha wil

ik tha-k mS,r skreven hk, as 6n

jef

ik enda

minra

ethla.

Fr6thorik.

Fr6thorik min g4d 8

j6r

is

hi

thene

is

63 jer wrden.

6roste

fon

sin

folk,

Sont 100 kai ther

frfidsum

THE BOOK OF ADELA's FOLLOWERS. readily by.

much

have not had

I

181

to do with

them,

but as far as I have seen they have mostly retained their

language and customs.

I cannot say that of the others.

Those who descend from the Greeks speak a bad language,

and have not much

have brown eyes and

they put the words they ssLjat; for

They

mention.

first

that ought to ;

and

for

When come

man, ma

they speak,

For old

last.

—too many to

also use abbreviations of names,

The Joniers speak

drop the H, and put

make

superstition.

salt, sdi

have no meaning.

they

They are envious and impu-

hair.

and cowardly from

dent,

Many

to boast of in their manners.

it

where

better,

ought not to

it

which

but they

When

be.

a statue of a dead person they believe that the

spirit of the

departed enters into

it

;

therefore they have

hidden their statues of Frya, F^sta, Medea, Thiania, Hellenia,

and many

relatives

When

others.

a child

come together and pray

to

When

vants to bless the child.

must neither move nor speak. and continues some time,

it

Frya

is

born, all the

to send her ser-

they have prayed, they

If the child begins to cry,

a bad sign, and they sus-

is

pect that the mother has committed adultery. seen very bad things come from that. that

is

a good sign

laughs in

its sleep,

cerers, dwarfs,

Finns.

and

the servants have promised

elves, as

Herewith I will

more than any of Frethorik,

years

my he

my

if

finish,

first

it

happi-

they descended from the

forefathers.

the

it

If

spirits, witches, sor-

and I think

husband, lived is

If the child sleeps,

servants are come.

Moreover, they believe in bad

ness.

108

— Frya's

I have

have written

I

Frethorik. to the age of 63.

of his

race

who

Since died

a

THET BOK TH]£eA ADELA FOLSTAR.

182 sturven

alle 6thera

is,

alle ka,iiipade

send vndera slega swikt, thervr

vmb

with ajn S.nd ferhemande

tha,t

rjucht kni

plicht.

Min nom

Saxanamarka wi

et ut, thS,t

Ijafde

&nd

fam

Wil-jo, ik bin tha

is

honk

to

Thrvch

for.

ther mith

alsa het

S,fternei

min

fona

bede fon Adela his folk weron, thk kem

alle

man

send wi

Hi

wif wrden.

S.nd

fyf bern l^ten, two suna S.nd thrju toghatera.

mi

him

knd ommegang k^m

t^l

min

forma, Hachgana

6thera,

heth

Konerfid

mine

aldeste

toghater heth Adela, thju 6thera Frulik &nd tha jongeste

Tha-k nei tha Saxanamarka

Nocht. hret.

Ik skrif thit

Hel^nja bok.

to

fallen is,

en sprekword

is

gvngen vmbe tha

hjam

far

thet

had

hkv ik mar den,

tha.

fiil

S,nd kl£irsjanhSd

ben ik all^na nei Texland

skrifta vr to skrivane, ther lerste wille

fonden

is

hju ifter

fon Frana

Adela jefta HelMnja, h&y

§,nd tha nSiletne skrifta fon

set

Ak

thfi,

a,nd

let vr

hwames godh^d

wrden,

Mten heth, &nd th& tha

thit jetta reis den.

ik h&v ther

;

hL

ak thju Sra

Gosa-Makonta

tellinga,

thju m§,n navt thS.nka ne

til

mei th&t hja fon Apollanja send S,nd wil thus

h&v ik thrju boka

for,

tMta

Thet bok th^ra sanga,

Thit send tha skrifta Hellenjas.

vppa vmbe

thS,t

ik

Ik

hja tha aldesta send.

Alle Afta Feyas Held. In

era

fryhed. irthas

tha

niston

wand wrdon hja

ut-a herde

presterums

nawet

tida

SI4vona folkar nawet fon

Lik oxa wrdon hja vnder jS,gath

juk brocht.

et

vmbe metal

to delvane §.nd

bergum moston hja husa hawa hfim.

Bi

al

to f§;ra hjara selva,

hwat

men

hja

ella

In

to forst S.nd

dMon,

thfir

nas

moste thjanja vmbe

tha forsta a,nd prestera jeta riker S,nd weldiger to m&k-

jane hjara selva to

sS,deiie.

Ynder

thesse

arhM wrdon

hja

THE BOOK OF ADELA's FOLLOWERS. peaceable death

they

all

the others died by violence, because

all

;

fought with their own people, and with foreigners

for right

and duty.

My name

Wiljo.

is

I

am

who came home

the maiden

with him from Saxsenmarken. tion

In the course of conversa-

came out that we were both of Adela's

it

our affection commenced, and we became

He

left

me with five

Konreed was

my

eldest daughter

is

When

preserved three books narratives,

Hachgana

called Adela,

—

I

my

wife.

my

second.

My

second Frulik, and

went

to

Saxsenmarken

I

the book of songs, the book of

I write this in order that people

this,

—thus

and the Hellenia book.

were by Apollonia.

I

may

not think they

have had a good deal of annoyance

and therefore now wish

I also did more.

it.

race

man and

and three daughters.

children, two sons

eldest son,

the youngest Nocht.

about

183

to

have the honour of

When Gosa Makonta

died,

whose

goodness and clear-sightedness have become a proverb, I

went alone left

to

;

writings left

These are first

Texland

and when

to

copy the writings that she had

the last will of Frana was found, and the

by Adela or Hellenia, I did that

the writings of Hellenia.

I have

again.

put them

because they are the oldest.

Hail to all teue Frisians. In the olden times, the Slavonic race knew nothing of liberty.

They were brought under the yoke

They were driven

into

like oxen.

the bowels of the earth to dig

metals, and had to build houses of stone as dwellingplaces

for

princes

and

priests.

Of

all

that they

did

nothing came to themselves, everything must serve to enrich and

and

make more powerful

to satisfy them.

Under

the priests and the princes, this

treatment they grew

THET BOK thI;ra adela folstae.

184

gr6v ind stra,m Sr hja jerich weron, a.nd stiirvon svnder nochta afsh^n irtha tham overflodlik fvl jef to b^ta

Men

al hjara

kemon S,ad vsa bannalinga thrvch tha Twisklinda vr in hjara marka f^ra §,nd vsa stjurar kemon in hjara havna. Fon hjam h^radon hja k^ta vr elika frydom &nd rjucht S,nd overa ewa, hwer buta nimman omme ne m^i. Altham wrde vpsugon thrvch tha drova m&nniska lik dawa thrvch tha dorra fjelde. As hju fvl bern.

vsa britna

w^ron bijonnon tha alderdrista mS,nniska to klippane mith

w^

hjara kedne, alsa-t tha forsta stolte §,nd wichandlik,

thervmbe

dede.

is

Tha

forste send

th§r ak noch diiged in

hjara hirta, hja biredon et semine knd javon awet fon hjara

Men

overflodalikhed.

machton

tha lifa skin frana prestara ne

emong

navt ne lyda,

thS,t

hjara forsinde

hedon hja kk wrangwrida drochtne esk^pen. inovera l&nda.

Nw

s^idon hja, tha drochtna send tornich

overa overh6richh6d thdra bosa.

Tha wrdon tha

mS,nniska mith hjara kedne wirgad. •

godum

Pest kern

alderdrista

Irtha heth hjara blod

dronken, mith th&t blod fode hju friichda knd nochta, alle

tham

th^r of 6ton

wrdon

16 w4ra 100 j^r ISden*

is

§,nd

wis.

Atland svnken,

a,nd to thfira

tidum bSrade ther awat hwSr vppa nimman r^kned laMe. In-t hirte fbn Findas 14nd vppet berchta 16id en del, th6r is k^then

Kasamyr,t thet

en bern e-bern, sin

&nd

m&m

is

sin t^t were-n havedprester.

mosten hja hjara buta

thfire

S,jen

sjeldsum,

Thfir werth

wSre thju toghater enis kening

Vmb skom to

blod vnkvma.

Thervmbe

st6de brocht bi S,rma minniska.

vnkvma w§,rth er

In twiska

was-t im navt forhelad ne wrden, ther vmbe dSd er

ella

vmbe wisdom to g^tane ind g^rane. Sin forstto w^re sS, gvU that er ella forstande hwat er sk Und hfirade. ThS.t folk skowde him mit ^rbedenese and tha prestera wr don ang vr sina

•

frega.

2193 - 1600 = 593

ThS,-r jerich

v.

Chr.

wrde gvnger nei sinum

t Kasamyr, Kashmir.

THE BOOK OF ADELA's FOLLOWERS.

185

gray and old before their time, and died without any enjoyment ; althougli the earth produces abundantly for the good of all her children. But our runaways and exiles

came through Twiskland to their boundaries, and our came to their harbours. From them they heard of

sailors

liberty, of justice,

This was

exist.

dew

and laws, without which men cannot absorbed by the unhappy people like

all

into an arid soil.

the most courageous

When

they fully understood this,

among them began

chains, which grieved the princes.

to clank their

The princes are proud

and warlike; there is therefore some virtue in their hearts. They consulted together and bestowed some of their superfluity;

but the cowardly hypocritical priests could not

Among

suffer this.

their false gods they

also wicked cruel monsters.

country

;

had invented

Pestilence broke out in the

and they said that the gods were angry with Then the boldest of the

the domineering of the wicked.

people were strangled in their chains. their blood,

The earth drank and that blood produced corn and fruits that

inspired with

wisdom those who

ate them.

Sixteen hundred years ago (she writes, 593 b.c.), Atland

was submerged; and at that time something happened which nobody had reckoned upon. In the heart of Findasland, upon a mountain, lies a plain called

mere) that

is

" extraordinary."

Kasamyr (Cash-

There was a child born

whose mother was the daughter of a king, and whose In order to hide the shame they father was a high-priest. were obliged to renounce their own blood. Therefore

As

taken out of the town to poor people.

nothing was concealed from him, so he did to acquire

wisdom.

His

intellect

was

it

was

the boy grew up, all in his

power

so great that he

understood everything that he saw or heard.

The people

regarded him with respect, and the priests were afraid of his questions.

* 2193

- 1600

is

When

he was of

593 years before Christ.

full

age he went to his

t Kasamyr

is

Kashmere,

r

THET BOK ThIIRA ADELA FOLSTAR.

186

Hja moston herda thinga h6ra, vmb-im kwit to werthane javon hja him vrflod fon kestlika stenum ; men aldrum.

him navt avber bikanna

hja ne thvradon

as hjara Sjne

Mith drovenese in vrdelven overa falxe sk6m

blod.

Al

aldrum gvnger ommedwiila.

forth f^rande

sinra

mfite hi

tham 16rd-i vsa Hi ki,pade him fry, ^nd to ther dad sed l,nd plegum. Alomme hwer er forth hinne send hja frjunda bilewen.

en Fryas stjurar ther as

tha Ijuda th&t hja nene rika ner prestera

t^ch, lerd-i an toleta

thjanade, fon

slS.v

moston, thit hja hjara selva hode moston Sjen

sk6m, ther allerw^ikes kvad dvat an tha s§id-er

ski,nkath hjara j6va

kl4wat,

th§,t

falxe

Ijavde.

Irtha

hM

meta men hjara

nei

mS.n therin ^ch to delvane to erane S,nd

Thach

to

nimman hovat thit to dvande fori ennen 6thera hit ne sy, thM et Hi ISrde thkt nimman bi mene wille jef ut Ijavade skSd. in hjara wand machte frota vmbe gold her silver ner kestlika stSna, hwer nid an klywath §,nd Ijavde fon fljuchth. Vmbe jow mangherta hnd wiva to sjarane, sSid-er, jevath sSjane, sa mlin therof skera wil.

hjara rin stroma enoch.

mUnniska metrik

m&nniska

plicht

jane S,nd sa

ffilo

Nimman luk to

lind elika

seid-er is weldich

jS,n,

Tha

jS.n.

vmbe tha mS-nniska nocht to

seid-er

thkt

it

alsa metrik to

as to binaka

is.

Mra mei. ThSrvmbe werath 4nd Ijavde feth.

gr^teste witskip, ther tid vs

argenese fon irtha

Sin forme

n6m

thS,t

is

is

wit-

tha

thit hjv

were Jes-us,* thach tha prestera ther-im

seralik h§,ton h^ton

Kris-en

m^k-

N^ne

skip seid-er ne m^i m&,n minachtja, thach elika d§la

alle

alra

him Fo

thlit is falx, th§,t

folk hete him

herder, S-nd sin Fryaske frjund hSta him

Buda, vmbe that hi in sin havad en sk&t fon wisdom h^de

&nd

in sin hirt

To tha

men

vral

* Jes-U8,

CUristus.

en

skS,t

fon Ijavde.

lersta most-er fluchta vr tha

hw^r

er

evenmin

te

k6m was

sine

wr6ka thera

Ifire

verwarren met Jezus,

him

als

prestera,

f4rut gvngen

Krisen (Krishna) met

THE BOOK OP ADELa's FOLLOWERS.

They had

parents.

to listen to

187

some hard language ; and

him they gave him a quantity of

to get rid of

they dared not openly acknowledge him.

jewels, but

Overcome with

sorrow at the false shame of his parents, he wandered

While

about.

who was

travelling he fell in with a Frisian sailor

He

and they remained

slave,

who taught him our

serving as a slave, and

manners and customs.

bought the freedom of the

friends

Wherever

death.

till

he went he taught the people not to tolerate rich

men

and that they must guard themselves against

priests,

or

false

shame, which everywhere did harm to love and charity.

The

earth, he said, bestowed her treasures

scratch her skin

and sow

;

they wish to reap, but no one

if

anything for another unless taught that

men

on those who

so all are obliged to dig,

it

is

and plough, obliged to do

He

be out of goodwill.

should not seek in her bowels for gold,

or silver, or precious stones, which occasion

envy and

To embellish your wives and daughters, he

destroy love.

said, the river offers her pure stream.

No man

is

able to

make

everybody equally rich and happy, but

it is

of

men to make each other Men should not

and as happy

all

as possible. justice

is

as equally rich

the duty

despise any knowledge

;

but

the greatest knowledge that time can teach,

because she wards oif offences and promotes love.

His

first

him, called

name was Jessos, but the priests, who hated him Fo, that is, false the people called him ;

Krishna, that

him Buddha

is,

shepherd ; and his Frisian friend called

(purse), because he

had

in his

head a trea-

sure of wisdom, and in his heart a treasure of love.

At the

he was obliged

last

priests

preceded * Jes-us

;

but wherever

him,

whilst

his

to

flee

from the wrath of

he went his

enemies

teaching had

followed

him

like

—not to be confounded with Jesus any more than Krisen (Krishna)

with Christ.

THET BOK TH^KA ADELA FOLSTAR.

188 §.nd vral

hwer-er gvng folgadon him sina

sturv-er,

men

Ifitha lik sine

om

alsa twilif j§r

Jes-vs

Thi,

n6i,

stfi,de

h^e,

feren

sina frjunda waradon sine lere ind

kfitlion

hwer-et aron fvnde,

Hwat menst nw

tha prestera dedon,

th§,fc

melde, ak mot-i thSr seralik acht Tp hjara hidryv

^.nd

Wr.alda in jo

renka w^ka mith

ik jo

forth mot-i over kr§,ftum,

alle

Thahwila Jes-us

leid heth,

gvngon tha

for,

jS,n,

tMt mot

ther

lere vr irtha

falxe prestera nei-t land sinra berta sin

dS,d avb^ra, hja seidon thS,t hja

fon sinum frjundum weron,

hja beradon grS,te rowa, torennande hjara kl^thar to

dum &nd

to

Inna h61a

skerande hjara hola k^l.

flar-

th^ra

berga gvngon hja hema, thach therin hedon hja hjara sk&t brocht, ther binna bl3'^don j3,von

m^kadon hja blydon

Jes-us, tbessa

S,fter

hja antha vnirg th§,nkauda Ijuda, to longa

lersta seidon hja thS,t Jes-us en drochten were, th&t-i thdt

selva an

hjam bilSden hede,

an sina

S,nd

kvme

ISra

skolde, liwer

hja wiston

frii

is

hja

thera th^r

neimels tha

wiston

thS,t

tha rika

allerweikes,

enfald s^ thju diire wSre thSit

nochta send.

5.nd

thkt Jes-us Sjen

hede, sa kethon

th4t alle thSr an him

S,nd

lawa wilde, nSimels in sin k^uingkrik

vmbe

hyr vp irtha

m§-sta nochta

in

sin rik

th&t

th§,t

d^ja

moste, §.nd

th&,t

to

Vmbe

lind

kvmane,

Thahwila hja

mS,n sina tochta welda

m&n

alle sina tochta

tha fvlkvminhed thera mS-nniska

bistande th&t er evin vnforstoren wrde

kalde sten.

t^gen

m^ste leden hMe,

h§,va skolde.

Jes-us l^rad hdde

fjelda

irmode ha

that

S-nd bistjura moste, Bt l^rdon hja thkt

therin

to

Vrmites

nw

th&t folk

sa

th5,t

wis to mdkjande th&t

hja alsa d6don, alsa beradon hja a,rmode overa strata ^ud

vmb forth to biwisane thS,t hja al namon hja nene wiwa. Thach en

misstap hSde, Bk wS,rth

hja

wrakka seidon hja most m&n

hjara tochta d&d hMe,

sahwersa en toghater that

lielpa

ring

forjS,n,

and vmbe

tha

sin Sjn

THE BOOK OF ABELA

When

his shadow.

years he died

spread

it

What

;

FOLLOWERS.

S

189

Jesses had thus travelled for twelve

but his friends preserved his teaching, and

wherever they found

listeners.

do you think the priests did then?

That I must

you, and you must give your best attention to

tell

it.

Moreover, you must keep guard against their acts and their tricks with all the strength that

Wr-alda has given

While the doctrine of Jessos was thus spreading

you.

over the earth, the false priests went to the land of his birth to

make

friends,

and they pretended

known.

his death

to

They said they were

show great sorrow by

ing their clothes and shaving their heads. live in caves in the all

their treasures,

Jessos.

and they made

They gave these statues

last they said that Jessos

them images of

in

all

kingdom

those

who followed

his

where

was

hereafter,

and humility were the door by which

kingdom, and that those who had

to enter into

suffered the

earth should enjoy the greatest happiness there. that Jessos had taught that

and control

should

stifle

their

their

make

men

most on

Although

should regu-

ions, they taught that

ions,

men

and that the perfection of

humanity consisted in being as unfeeling In order to

all

they announced everywhere that poverty, suf-

to the rich,

late

at

Because they knew that he was opposed

joy and happiness.

they knew

and

to simple people,

was a god, that he had declared

and that

doctrine should enter his

his

They went to

mountains, but in them they had hid

this himself to them,

fering,

his

tear-

as the cold stones.

the people believe that they did as they

preached, they pretended to outward poverty; and that they

had overcome if

any young

given

;

all

girl

the weak,

sensual feelings, they took no wives.

had made a they said,

false step, it

was quickly

But for-

were to be assisted, and to save

THET BOK TH^RA ADELA FOLSTAR.

190

sele to bihaldane

most

anda cherke

ina.n fiil

Thus

jkn.

todvande hede hja wiv &nd bern svnder hushalden

wrdon hja

men

rik svnder werka,

that folk w&rth

fiil §,rnier

Thas Mre hwSrbi tha

§,nd

m^r

tera

n6n

S,nd

vnrjuchta plega, brgd hiri selva ut fon-t asta

el&ndich as t to f^ra. ore witskip

S,nd

pres-

hova as drochtlik rMa, frana skin to-t

westa &nd skil tk vr vsa landa kvma.

Men

astha prestera skilun w^na,

Frya knd fon Jes-us alle

thS,t

hja allet Ijucht fon

vtdavath h&va, sa skilum th^r

lere

vvrda m&nniska vpstonda, tham werhed in

among ekkorum warath

stilnise

S.nd to fS.ra tha prestera forborgen

Thissa skilun wSsa ut forsta blod, fon presterum

hkve.

blod, fon Slfiivonum blod,

hjara foddikum

&nd

&nd fon Fryas blod. Tham

th&t. Ijucht

mS,nnalik werhed mei sjan

;

skilun

buta bringa, sa

thS,t allera

w§ hropa

overa deda

hja skilun

Tha

thera prestera §,nd forsta.

forsta ther wfirhed minna

&nd rjucht tham skilun fon tha prestera wika, blod strama,

men

thgrut skil-et folk nye krifta

mSna

folk skil sina findingrikhed to

Lydas folk sina kr&fta

gS.ra.

wi vsa wisdom.

§,nd

his gSiSt skil

wertha.

alomme and

Tha skibn

mSistera,

noch

Wr.alda

allerw^ikes erath &nd bihropa

Tha ^wa ther Wr.alda

leide, skilun allena

skil

Findas

nitha wenda, thit

tha falxa prestera wSi fd.gath wertha fon irtha.

mena

in

bi-t

anfang in vs mod

herad wertha, ther ne skilun n6ne 6ra

forsta,

ner bdsa navt nesa, as thera ther bi

wille keren send.

ThS,n skil Frya juwgja §,nd Irtha

skil hira j6va allena sk§,nka

an tha werkande mS.nnisk,

Altham^skil anfanga fjuwer thusand jer nei Atland svnken is

&nd thusand j6r

tvang vp irtha

I^ter skil thfir longer

sa.

Dela tonomath Hcllcnja,

wfi,k

!

n6n prester ner

THE BOOK OF ADKLA's FOLLOWERS. their souls

men must

in this way, they

Acting

give largely to the Church.

had wives and children without house-

and were rich without working;

holds,

l&l

but the people

grew poorer and more miserable than they had ever been This doctrine, which requires the priests to pos-

before.

no

sess

further knowledge than to speak deceitfully, and

to pretend to be pious while acting unjustly, spreads

and will come

east to west,

But when the

from

to our land also.

priests fancy that they

have entirely ex-

tinguished the light of Frya and Jessos, then shall of

classes

men

among

truth

and Frya's that all

it

from the

shall be of princely blood of priests, Slavonic,

They

blood.

men

all

up who have quietly preserved the

themselves, and have hidden

They

priests.

rise

will

make

shall see the truth

acts of the princes

and the

;

their light visible, so

they shall cry woe to the

The princes who love

priests.

the truth and justice shall separate themselves from the priests

new

;

blood shall flow, but from

common

our wisdom.

from

good, Linda's folk their strength, and

Then

the earth.

where and always instilled

the people will gather

Finda's folk shall contribute their industry

strength.

to the

it

the false priests shall be swept

Wr-alda's ;

spirit shall

we

away

be invoked every-

the laws that Wr-alda in the beginning

into our consciences shall alone be listened to.

There shall be neither princes, nor masters, nor rulers, except those chosen by the general voice. shall rejoice,

those

and the earth

who work.

will only

bestow her

gifts

on

All this shall begin 4000 years after the

submersion of Atland, and 1000 years exist

Then Frya

no longer either

later

priest or oppression.

Dela, surnamed Hellenia, watch

!

there

shall

THET BOK TH^RA ADKLA FOLSTAR.

192

Sa luda Fr^nas utroste

An

Alle welle Fryas held.

wille.

tha n6me Wr.aldas, fon Frya, Und there fryhed grSte

ster

n6math

en

folgis to

th^re burch Medeasblik,

Thet heth G6sa n^i n§,v

machte

hede, sa bifel ik jo Tiintja thSr Burchfiim

ik jo, S,nd bidde jo, sahwersa ik falla

til

degum

hjud

is

§r ik

hja tha besta.

Alle m§,nniska held.

Ifiten.

nene eremoder binomad thrvchdam ik nene

et is jo beter

kvmt en

niste, S,nd

nene Moder to h&vande as ^ne hwer

navt forl^ta ne mei.

Arge

hja navt

thfir

ne b&,rad

§,nd

Hju kvmt ut

Wr.alda heth hja navt ne skeren. ut-a bosma thera prestera w^i.

vji-i jo

men

tid is forbi ftiren,

Irtha heth

6there.

Sfi.

Ik

et 4sta

felo 16d skil hju broda,

thkt Irtha-t blod alg^dvr navt drinka ne kS,n fon hira vrslejana bernum.

Thjustrenesse skil hju in overne

Alom

Ijucht.

S.nd

bidryf with fryhed

allerweikes

k^mpa ind

skil lest

rjucht.

skilun Bwika §,nd wi mith tham. bjara vrlias wrochta.

kvmande an

skilun

Fon

knd drochten

Ejucht

Men

thrju worda skilun vsa

Ijavde, fryhed S,nd rjucht.

lifter-

ThS.t forma

hja glora, i,fternei with thjustrenesse

ont et hel ind skil

5.nd fryhed

thesse winst skil

hjara Ijuda &nd sl&vona tha bithjutnesse Mra.

Hja send m^na

Th&n

gS,st

mlinniska sprgda, lik tongar-is wolka oviret svnne-

thfira

kS,mpa

al

hirt

knd hoUe wirth.

tvang fon irtha f&gad wertha,

lik tongars wolka

kllir

in hjawlikes

thrvch stornewind, knd alle drochten bidryv ne skil &jen nawet navt ne formiiga.

Gosa,

tlier

!

THK BOOK OF ADELa's FOLLOWEKS.

Thus runs Frana's

name

In the

you

;

All noble Frisians, Heil

:

of Wr-alda, of Frya, and of Freedom, I greet

and pray you

cessor, then I

maagd

last will

193

if

named a

I die before I have

recommend

you Teuntja, who

to

in the citadel of Medeasblik

now

till

;

is

suc-

Burgt-

she

the

is

best.

This Gosa has left behind her

:

Hail to

men

all

!

I

have named no Eeremoeder, because I know none, and because

better for

is

it

have one you cannot but there birth,

is still

you

have no mother than to

to

One bad time

trust.

another coming.

and Wr-alda has not decreed

It

it.

the minds of

Everywhere

men

craft

justice.

comes from the breed so

It will

like

But

shall contend with

work out

shall teach their people

At

freedom

justice shall be overcome,

meaning of three words

freedom, and justice.

darkness over

storm-clouds over the sunlight.

this success will

Our descendants

slaves the

It will spread

and deception

Freedom and

we with them. loss.

it

mischief that Irtha will not be able to drink the

blood of her slain children.

and

ed by,

Irtha has not given

East, out of the bosom of the priests.

much

is

first

;

its

and

they are universal

and

own their love,

they shall shine, then

struggle with darkness, until every man's head and heart

has become bright and clear. driven from the

storm-wind, and power.

Gosa.

earth, all

like

Then

shall oppression be

the thunder-clouds by the

deceit will cease to have

any more

194

THET SKRIFT FON KONEEl&D. MiN

fithla

boppa is,

hS,von in

ella dva,

vmbe

bok skrSven.

S,fter thit

tli&t er in

min

stat

hwerin tha bertnesa vp skreven wide

nome

his

nen burch

lik to

ovir

Min

f&,ra.

Konered, min t&t-his n6nie was Frethorik, min

is

mem

Thit wil ik

n6me Wiljow.

After tat his

dM

ben ik

to sina

men

mij to

folgar kfiren, &,nd tha-k fiftich jer tS,lde kks

Min

vrste grevetml,n.

heth skreven ho tha Linda-wrda

tat

LindahSm

knd tha Ljudgardne vrdilgen send.

jeta wei,

is

tha Linda-wrda far en d61, tha northlikka LjudgJirdne send

That bruwsende hef

thrvch thene salta se bidelven.

an tha hringdik there burch.

slikt

Lik t^t melth heth, sa send

tha havalasa manniska to gvngen §,nd h^von huskes bvwad

binna tha hringdik thera burch.

nw Ljvdwerd is

wanspreke.

Tha

hgten.

Thervmbe

^nd

th^t ronddgl

Bi mina jiiged was-t ore land,

tha hringdik leid, al pol &nd brok. diger

is

stjurar segath Ljvwrd,

flitich,

hja wrdon

wi wither en gode

Men

buta

Fryas folk

grvnd ther ut-a sMta kem,

h6m buta

th§,t

thi,t

is

ner wirg, thrvchdam hjara

Thrvch sMta to delvane

dol to tha besta iSide. to mS,kjane fon tha

mod

men

tha hringdik,

thfir

§,nd

kadika

alsa h§,von

thju dS,nte

het fon en hof, thrS p61a S,stwarth, thre pSla sMwarth S,nd thrS pela wfistwarth mfiten.

to

dvande

S,ud

S,-p61a

to hejande,

vmb

Hjud d6gum send wi 6ne have to winnande

mith 6n vmb-vsa hringdik to biskirmande.

werk r6d

sy, s^ skilun

stand-et hyr bjustre

wi stjurar utlvka.

om-to,

Bi min

men hjud send

Jef

et

jiiged

tha huskes

195

THE WRITING OF KONER^D. Mt

forefathers have written this

will

do

my

state

this, the

any

father's

more because there

citadel

name was

succession.

in

I

no longer in

exists

on which events are inscribed as used

My name

to be the case.

book

My

Koner^d (Koenraad).

is

Frethorik,

my

mother's

name was Wil-

my father's death I was chosen as his successor. When I was fifty years old I was chosen for chief Grevetman. My father has written how the Lindaoorden

jow.

After

and Liudgaarden were destroyed.

Lindahem

is still

lost,

the Lindaoorden partially, and the north Lindgaarden are still

concealed by the salt sea.

the ramparts of the castle.

The foaming sea washes

As my

father has mentioned,

the people, being deprived of their harbour, went away and built houses inside the ramparts of the citadel

that bastion

is

werd, but that

called Lindwerd. is

nonsense.

In

;

therefore

The sea-people say Lin-

my

youth there was a

portion of land lying outside the rampart

marsh

;

all

mud and

but Frya's people were neither tired nor exhausted

when they had a good

By digging

object in view.

ditches,

and making dams of the earth that came out of the ditches,

we recovered a good space

of land outside the

rampart, which had the form of a hoof three poles east-

ward, three southwards, and three westwards. sent

make is

we

are engaged in

ramming

piles into the

a harbour to protect our rampart.

finished

we

shall

attract mariners.

When my

In

At

pre-

g?ound the

to

work

youth

it

looked very queer, but now there stands a row of houses.

THET BOK TH^UA ADELA FOLSTAR.

196 al

husa

ermode

Fon

tlifir

And

an rSja st&n.

lek §,nd brek th6r mlth

hir in glupt weron, send thrvch

flit

hir ut mei allera mlinnalik lera,

Alfoder, al sina skepsela fot, mits

thS,t

a-buta dreven.

tMt Wr.alda vsa, mod halde ind

bja

ma,nlik 6therum helpa wille.

Nv wiL

IK VK Fkiso skriva.

Friso ther al weldich were tbrveh sin ]jud, wS.rth ik to vrste grfive keren thrvcb Staverens

mith vsa wisa fon land-w§r er

en skol

stift

landar wysa.

bwer in tha kn^pa fjuchta

Th§,n ik l^v

Hi

ommelandar.

spot

S,nd s6kS,mpa, thfirvmbe bath-

th§,t i

lera nfii Kr^ka-

tb&t d6n beth

jongk-folk an sin sn6r to bindane.

Ik

S,k bin skikt, tha-s nv tbjan jer nv wi n6ne Moder 16nger navt

hi,v

ther

leden.

ik

nS,ve,

vmb

min

Hwand vmbe

th§,t

brother tocht

tha Snen

Sjen tha ore to bi skirmande, &ch ik dubbel to w^kane thkt hi vs neu master ne w&rth,

Gosa neth vs nSne ordfel

ne

folgstere nometb, tbSr vr nil ik nen

men thSr send jeta alda S,rg thenkande mlnmene th§,t bju-t th^r-vr mith Friso enis wrden

fella,

niska, tb^r

Tha Gosa fallen was, th4 wildon tha Ijud fon alle wrda ene 6tbere Moder kjasa. Men Friso tb^r to dvande is.

were vmb-en rik to fara him selva to makjane, Friso ne gSrde nen red ner bodo fon Texland.

As tha bodon

Landsatum

§,nde

sSid-er

to

him k'Smon,

sprek-i

keth.

th^ra

Gosa

was fSrsjande west S.nd wiser as alle gr^va etsemne

&nd thach nede hju nen Ijucht ner kl^rhed ne fvnden, thervmbe nede bju nene folgstere to kjasane,

in thjuse seke

mod b^u vmb

and vmb ene folgstere

ene

to kjasane ther

tvyvelik were, ther beth hju bald in sjan, thervmbe heth bju in bjara utroste wille skreven, tb^t to

b&vande

Friso hede

as ene fiil

is

jow betre nene Moder

bwer vpp-i jo selva navt

sjan, hi orloch

was

forleta ne mei.

er vpbrocbt, §.nd fon

THE BOOK Leaks and

if

197

produced by poverty have been

deficiencies

From

remedied by industry.

Wr-alda, our

ADELA's FOLLOWERS.

OB'

men may

this

learn that

iiniversal father, protects all his creatures,

they preserve their courage and help each other.

Now Friso,

WRITE ABOUT FbISO.

1 WILL

who was

already powerful by his troops, was

chosen chief Grevetman of the

He

laughed at our mode

sea-fights

districts

round Staveren.

of defending our land and our

therefore he established a school where the

;

boys might learn to fight in the Greek manner, but I believe that he did self.

thought,

me

my

I sent

now

that

it

to attach the

young people

to

him-

brother there ten years ago, because I

we have not got any mother,

to be doubly watchful, in order that he

it

behoves

may

not be-

come our master. Gosa has given us no opinion about that people

who think

ing about

;

successors.

but there are

died, the people

wished to choose another mother establishing a

still

old

any

suspicious

that she and Friso had an understand-

When Gosa

it.

I will not give

kingdom

;

from

all

parts

but Friso, who was busy

for himself, did not desire to

have

When the mesany advice or messenger from Texland. him, to he said that Gosa seno-ers of the Landsaten came had been far-seeing and wiser than all the counts together, and yet she had been unable to see any light or way out of this affair; therefore she had not had the courage to choose a successor, and

to choose a doubtful

thouo-ht would be very bad

her last will, It

have one on great deal.

is

;

therefore

she

one

better to have no mother than

whom you cannot rely. He had been brought up

had just learned and gathered

as

slie

wrote in to

Friso had seen a in the wars,

much

and he

of the tricks and

THET BOK THERA ADELA FOLSTAR.

198

Golum iud forstum hMer vmbe tha

tha hrenkum S,nd lestum thera

krek sa

Mred &nd geth,

fiil

as-er n^dich hede

hjam

6ra grSva to weiande liwfir hi

therm ith

to

gvngen

Sjan hir ho-r

wilde.

is.

Friso h6de hir-ne 6ther wif nimth, thju toghater fon Wil-fr6the, bi sin leve was-er vrste Grfiva to

Th6r bi heder twfin svna wnnen

w6st.

Thrvch

sin bileid is

Staveren

twa toghatera.

S,nd

Kornelja sin jongste toghater mith

min brother mant.

Kornelja

helja skreven wrde.

WSmod

is

wan Fryas and mot Korn-

sin aldeste heth er an

Kavch

him to skole gvng is thi svnv Men Kavch is fon Wichhirte thene Gertmanna k&ning. ak wan Fryas knd mot KS,p wesa. Men kvade t^le h§,Yon hja mar mithbrocht as gode sSda. Nw mot ik mith mine sk6dnese a-befta kera. Aftre gr4te flod hwer vr min tS,t skreven heth, w^ron Kavch

bonden.

L6tne mith ebbe uta Balda jefta kvade

felo Juttar §,nd

Bi Ka,t his gat drSvon hja in hjara

se* fored.

Denemarka

thS,t

land Juttarland

Denemarker

int, nSi

lfi,nd

And

as tha stjurar to

gvng

th^r navt vrgvngen navt nSron,

mochton tha Juttar

th§,t

felo

thisse skikking

stjurar

tham

navt helpa ner n^ra nilde, knd

grins h6de an tha Gola,

An

bek kemon

ena mith tha

land halda, hw6r-vppa Wr.alda

Tha S^landar

ra wejad hede.

thi

Thrvch

6thera nei tha se jefta glandum.f

skepa bir4wa.

nome h&von

bek fon tha haga landum, men thissa setton

to

blS,te fisk

hjara

Aftern^i kfimon wel

listen.

hjara selva sudliker del.

mith

mith

fist

Thfirvmbe hS,von hja th&t hja

kfi,na

&nd ther vp send hja sitten ThSr n^ron name nen minniska an-t sjocht.

yse vppa tha bilewen.

thSr tk bi

hjara selva thfir

en kige

tham gvngon d4na tha Phonisjar

tha sudwester

heme

fon Skfinland, thSr

I6id

Lindasburcht tonomath Lindasnfise, thrvch vsa Apol

stift,

alsa in thit

bok t biskr^wen

stfi,t.

* Balda jefta kvada s6, de Baltisohe zee.

t Zeeland, de Deensolie Eilanden.

Alle kS,dhemar S,nd

Juttarland, Jutland. + Zie

bl.

124.

THE BOOK OF ADELA's FOLLOWERS.

199

cunning ways of the G-auls and the princes as he required, to lead the other counts wherever he wished. See here how he went to work about that. Friso had taken here another wife, a daughter of Wil-

who in his lifetime had heen chief count of Staveren. her he had two sons and two daughters. By his wish Kornelia, his youngest daughter, was married to my

frethe,

By

brother.

Kornelia

is

not good Frisian

her name ought Weemoed, his eldest daughter, Kauch, who went to school to

to be written Korn-helia.

he married to Kauch. him,

is

;

the son of Wichhirte, the king of the Geertmen.

But Kauch

is

likewise not good Frisian, and ought to be

Kaap (Koop).

So they have learned more bad language

than good manners.

Now

I

must return

to

my

story.

After the great flood of which

my

wrote an

father

came many Jutlanders and Letlanders out or bad sea. They were driven down the Kat-

, there

of the Baltic,

tegat in their boats by the ice as far as the coast of Den-

mark, and there they remained. to be seen it

after

There was not a creature

so they took possession of the land,

;

Afterwards

Jutland.

themsel\res,

and named

many

of the

Denmarkers returned from the higher lands, but they settled more to the south and when the mariners re;

turned who had not been Zeeland,

By

this

lost,

they

all

went together to

arrangement the Jutlanders retained

the land to which Wr-alda had conducted them.

Zeeland skippers, who were not fish,

satisfied

and who hated the Gauls, took lies

one Apol, as

is

live

upon

robbing

Lindasburgt, called Lindasn6se, built by written

* Balda jefta kvade si

is

in

the Baltic.

All

the book. Juttarland

is

the people

Jutland.

'

t Zeeland

is

the

In the south-west point of Scandi-

Phoenician ships. navia there

to

to

The

the Danish Islands.

+ See page 124.

THET EOK TH^UA ADELA FOLSTAR.

200

otnmelandar dana.w^ron eft Fryas bilSyen,

wreke Sjen tha Golum ind

lust thSre

§,jen

men

thrvch tha

tha K§,ltana

men

gar gvDgon hja mitha Selandar sama dvan,

fol-

that s&,ma

dva neth nen stek navt ne halden. Hwand tha SMandar hSde felo mislika plega knd wenhSde ovir nommen fon tha Forth gvng ek

vvla M^gjarum, Fryas folk to-n spot.

him

fara

selva

rfi,wa,

thach jef et to pase

k6m

to

th§,n standon

Thach to tha lesta bijondon tha Selandar brek to kr^jande an goda skepa. Hjara skipmakar weron omkvmen S.nd hjara walda weron mith

hja m&nlik otherum trvlik by.

grvnd

§.nd al fon-t

land of

Nw k^mon

f§,ged.

th6r vnwar-

lingen thry skepa by tha ringdik fon vsa burch mera.

Thrveh tha inbrSka vsra landum weron hja vrdvaled S,nd Thi k&pmon th^r mith gvngen tha Flymvda misfaren. was, wilde fon vs nya skepa

hi.,

therto hedon hja mith-

brocht allerlSja kestlika wera, ther hja r§,wed hedon fon tha K&,ltanarlandum S,nd

wy

fon

tha Phonisjar *

skepum.

selva nene

skepa navt n-6de, jef ik hjam

flicgka horsa §,nd fjvwer

wepende rinbodon mith nei Friso. allingen thS.t Alderga thfir wrdon

Nfiidam

Hwand

to St&veren §,nd

tha besta werskepa

maked

fon herde eken

merthe nen rot an ne kvmth.

by

my byde, w^ron svme

wod

ther nim-

Thahwila tha sekampar

Juttar nei Texland fdren a,nd d§,n&

Tha Selandar hedon felo fon kn^pum r^wed, thi moston vppa hjara benka

w6ron hja nSi Friso wesen. hjara storeste

vmb th^r by hern to mochton et navt to werane, ThS, hja thrvchdam hja nene gode w6pne navt n^de. hjara leth telad hfide S,nd thSrvr felo wordon wixlad weron, freje Friso to tha lesta jef hja nene gode have roja, S.nd fon hjara storeste

tejande.

Tha

toghtera

stora Juttar ne

n-Me. 0-jes, anderon hja, ^ne besta Hju is net krek lik jow 6ne thrveh Wr.alda skepen.

in hjara g3, navt en,

bjarkruk th^r, hira hals

nath

wel

eng,

is

thvsanda grkte

k&ua

nena burch ner burchwSpue,

thS,

in

lidsa,

vmbe

hira b&lg k§,n-

men wi

n&vath

tha ra,wskepa ther ut

* Plionieiar, hier Puniers, Carthagcra.

THE BOOK OF ADELa's FOLLOWERS.

who

live

201

on the coasts, and. in the neighbouring

had remained

true Frisians

districts,

but by their desire for ven-

;

geance upon the Gauls, and the followers of Kaltona, they ed the Zeelanders.

But that connection did not hold

many

together, because the Zeelanders had adopted

manners and customs of the wicked Magyars, to Frya's people.

his

evil

in opposition

Afterwards, everybody went stealing on

own but when it suited them they held all At last the Zeelanders began to be in want of ;

together.

good

Their shipbuilders had died, and their forests

ships.

as well as their land

had been washed out

to sea.

Now

there arrived unexpectedly three ships, which anchored off

By

the ringdyk of our citadel.

the disruption of our land

they had lost themselves, and had missed Flymond.

The merchant who was with them wished to buy new ships from us, and for that purpose had brought all kinds of valuables, which they

and Phoenician active horses

ships.

had

stolen from the Celtic country

As we had no

and four armed. couriers

ships, I

gave them

to Friso; because at

Stavere, along the Alberga, the best ships of war were built

While these sea rovers remained with us, some of the Jutmen had gone to Texland, and thence to Friso. The Zeelanders had stolen many of their strongest boys to row their ships, and many of hard oak which never

rots.

of their finest daughters to have children by.

Jutlanders could not prevent

When

armed.

it,

they had related

The great

as they were not properly all their

misfortunes, and

a good deal of conversation had taken place, Friso asked

them

at

country.

last

Oh,

if

they had

yes,

created by Wr-alda.

they

no good harbours in their answered

;

a

beautiful

It is like a bottle, the

row, but in the belly a thousand large boats

but we have no- citadel and

one,

neck nar-

may

lie;

no defences to keep out

Plioniijar are Funics or Carthaginians.

THET BOK THliRA ADELA FOLSTAR.

202 to haldane.

God

ThS,n

mosten jow gvnst m&,kja s^ide

reden anderon tha Juttar,

men wi

Friso.

nSne am-

n-S,vatli

bachtisljud ner bvwark, wi alle send fiskar knd juttar.

Tha

ora send vrdrvnken jefta

Midlar hwila hja thus

nfii

Hir most

Sfilandar hera et sina hove, alle to

tha hdga landum

fljucht.

kfimon mina bodon mitha

k§,lta,

nw

ho Friso

letta

bidobbe wiste to nocht fon bede partja S,nd to

fon sin Sjn dol.

Tha Selandar

skepa

likes fifteeb

ba.te

seider to, hja skoldon jer-

hS,ve, nei fS,8ta

metum &nd

n^i fSsta

jeldum, to bred mith ysere kedne §.nd krS,ubogum kni

mith

fvlle tjuch alsa far

werskepa bof knd nedlik

sy,

tha Juttar skoldon bja tb§,n mitb frethe leta, knd

wilde

all-et

J& hi wilde mar dva,

folk thkt to Fryasbern hered. al

men

hi

vsa sfik&mpar utneda thkt hja skolde mitb fjuchta

§,nd r4wa.

Thfi,

tha SSlandar wei brit weron,

thg, let-er

fjuwerticb alda skepa to laja mitb burchwepne, wod, hir-

baken

sten, timberljud, mirtselera 8,nd

mitb burga hi

vmb

mith

n-is

to

my

bvwande.

Witto, that

Hwat

to to sjanande.

navt ni meld,

men

byde sida there haves mvde

is

in is folk leid that Friso uta

sa

fiil

is

smeda vmbe

tber al fkv fallen is

my

bS,r

alsa bete hira tat, hi is

ene withburch bvwed, ther

Saxanamarka

t§,ch.

Ho Fon

was vreste Aldermin tb^ra

vrste Grfivetman jefta Greve.

sturven §,nd Witto

is in sin sted

klok weron.

Hetto, that

is

Wilhem

"Witto

Wilhem Juttar,

is kirt after

koren.

Friso forther

sin erosta wif hSder

is,

wrden, an

beth Sjuebtbirte bifrSjad S,nd to sin wiv nomen.

that

thSr

witte sin svn, sand

dI:de.

twen sviaringa bihalda,

ther ser

bete, tbene jongste skikt er as

THE BOOK OF ADELa's I'OLLOWEKS.

203

Then you should make them, said Friso. very good advice, said the Jutlanders but we

the pirate ships.

That

is

;

have no workmen and no building materials fishermen and trawlers.

my

we

;

are all

drowned or

are

While they were talking

to the higher lands.

way,

The others

fled

in this

messengers arrived at the court with the Zeeland

Here you must observe how Friso understood

gentlemen.

deceiving everybody, to the satisfaction of both parties,

and to the accomplishment of

his

own

To the Zee-

ends.

landers he promised that they should have yearly

fifty

ships of a fixed size for a fixed price, fitted with iron

chains and crossbows, and full rigging as

is

necessary and

useful for men-of-war, but that they should leave in peace

But he

the Jutlanders and all the people of Frya's race.

wished to do more

he wanted to engage

;

him upon

rovers to go with

all

our sea

When

his fighting expedition.

the Zeelanders had gone, he loaded forty old ships with

weapons

wall

for

wood,

defences,

bricks,

masons, and smiths, in order to build

or Witte, his son, he sent to superintend.

been well informed of what happened clear to

me, that on each

citadel has

been

built,

of the

hem

Jutmen

—

that

is,

I

have never

but this

much

is

and garrisoned by people brought Witto courted Siuchthirte

Wilhem, her

her.

Witto,

side of the harbour a strong

by Friso out of Saksenmarken. and married

;

carpenters,

citadels.

father,

was chief Alderman

Grevetman or Count.

chief

Wil-

died shortly afterwards, and Witto was chosen in his

place.

What Of

who

his

were

first

very

Fkiso did further.

wife he daring.

youngest, he sent as

still

had two brothers-in-law,

Hetto

—

messenger to

that

is,

heat

—

the

Kattaburgt,, which

THET BOK, thI:ra adela folstar.

204

senda boda nei Kattaburch

Hi hede

leid.

tMt

djap inna Saxanamarka

fon Friso mith krejen sjugon horsa buta

mith kestlika sekum, thrvcb tha sek&mBi jahweder liors weron twen jonga sekimpar

siu &jn, to leden

par rawed. S-nd

twen jonga hrutar mith rika kl^darum

klS,th 3,nd jeld

Evin as er Hetto nei Kattaburch

in hiara budar.

skikter Bruno, th§,t

skikte,

brune, thene 6thera svjaring nei

is

Mannag&rda wrda, Mannag§.rda wrda is far in thit bok* Mannag^rda forda skreven, men th&t is misden. Alle rikdoma ther hja mith hede wrdon nSi omstand wei skS,nkt an tha forsta and forstene S,nd an tha utforkerne manggrtne. Kemon tha sine knapa vppa there meid vmbe ther mith et jongkfolk to donsjane, sa leton hja kvra mith krudkok

kvma and birgum thissa

bodon

tounum fon tha besta bjar. After immer jongkfoUi over tha Saxanarmarka

jeftha

let-er

fara, ther alle jeld

inna budar hede S-nd

alle

meida jeftha

sk§,nkadja mith brochton, lind vppa there meid teradon

hja alon vnkvmmerlik wei.

nv berde

Jef-t

thit tha

Saxana kn&pa ther nydich n6i uts&gon, thin lakton godlik knd seidon, aste thvrath thene

kHmpane,

sS,

k&nst thin breid jet

jet forstelik tera.

tigjad

mena fyand meida

hja

to bi-

j§,n

kni

Al beda sviaringa fon Friso send

bos-

fiil

riker

mith toghaterum tb^ra romriksta forstum,

5,nd

kemon tha Saxanar kn^pa &nd maugSrtne by keddum nei th&t Flymar del.

§,fkernei elle

Tha burchf^mna

§,nd tha alda fi5,mna thSr jeta fon hjar

Sre grathSd wiste, nygadon navt vr nSi Frisos bedriv,

vmbe ne k^thon

as hja let-ra sn&ka.

Men

sek.

nen Moder

mftr,

wit jferoch send.

ther-

Friso snfider

tha jonga f4mna sp6nd-er mith

goldne fingrum an sina nS,vath longer

Men

hja nen god fon him.

Hja seidon alomme wy

men

tha,t

Jvd past vs ne k£ining,

til

kvmth

dfi,na th^t

thju wi vsa landa

wither winna, ther tha Modera vrleren hS,ve thrvch hjara

*Zie

bl.

11.

THE BOOK OF ADELA's FOLLOWERS. lies

Saxsenmarken.

in the

far

Friso gave

205

him

to take

seven horses, besides his own, laden with precious things stolen

by the

With each

sea-rovers.

horse there were

two young sea-rovers and two young horsemen, clad in rich garments, and witk money in their purses. In the

same way

— that oord.

as he sent Hetto to Kattaburgt, he sent Bruno brown the other brother-in-law, to Mannagarda Mannagarda oord was written Mannagarda ford in

—

is,

the earlier part of this book, but that riches that they took with

is

wrong.

All the

them were given away, accord-

ing to circumstances, to princes, princesses, and chosen

young

girls.

When

his

young men went

to the tavern to

dance with the young people there, they ordered baskets of spice, gingerbread, and tuns of the best beer. these messengers he let his

over to the Saxsenmarken, always with

money

in their

purses and presents to give away, and they spent

When

carelessly in the taverns.

After

young people constantly go

money

the Saxsen youths looked

with envy at this they smiled, and said. If you dare go

and

fight the

much

common enemy you would

richer presents to your brides,

and

be able to give live

much more

Both the brothers-in-law of Friso had married

princely.

daughters of the chief princes, and afterwards the Saxsen

youths and girls came in whole troops to the Flymeer.

The burgtmaidens and old maidens who

still

ed

their greatness did not hold with Friso's object, fore they said no good of

than they,

let

them

him

;

and there-

but Friso, more cunning

chatter, but the younger

led to his side with golden fingers.

maidens he

They said everywhere.

For a long time we have had no mother, but that comes from our being fit to take care of ourselves. At present it suits us best to

we have

lost

have a king to win back our lands that

through the imprudence of our mothers.

See page 11.

206

THET BOK THflRA ADELA FOLSTAR. Forth

vadigei-lifid.

Fryasbern

kfitlion lija, alrek

frydom

is

jeven, sin stem hera to letane bi fara ther bisloten w§,rth bi i

t

men

kjasa eare forste,

ast alsa

jo wither ne k&ning kjasa, s^ wil

N6i

al

hwat ik skoja m6i, sk

is

wyd kvma machte thUt ik ak min meae segse. Friso th^r to thrvch

Wr.alda kgren, hwand hi heth im wonderlik hir w6iad.

Fi'iso

tale hi sprekt, hi is

k&n thus §jen hjara lestum w^ka,

hok Grfiva

th6r jeta awet to skojande,

hiniie

hwam

wSt tha hrenka thgra Golum,

fikolde

his

Thi,n

m&n

to

ka.ning kjasa svnder that tha 6ra th§r nidlch vr wfiron.

Aldulkera talum wSrth thrvch tha jonga famnn kethen,

men

tha aide

famma

afsken f6 an

ut en othera b&rg.

mannalik thes

:

Hja

tal,

tapadon hjara redne

kfithon allerw^ikes §,nd to alia

Friso kethou hja dvath sa tha spinna dvan,

nachtis sp6uth-i netta nSi alle sidum

knd

vrskalkth-i th^r sina vn5,ftertoclitlika frjunda sfiith

that-er

thes dSis Friso

in.

n^ne prestera ner poppa forsta lyde ne m^i,

men ik seg, hi ne mei nimman lyda as him selva. Th6rvmbe nil hi navt ne dSja th§,t thju burch Stavia wither vp hfijath warth. is til

is

Thervmbe wil hi nene Moder wer

men morne

Friso jow red jSvar,

antstondon

nw twa

lust w6re wilde hfiton

ne

hjara selva

S,nd S,rma wildon

ka,ning h^.

^rosta

svna &nd tha othera h^ton

men

tha Moder his svna ne wrde felo

skfipa

th^r ovirflod to fara skipm^kar, smSda,

sylm^kar, rfipm^kar &nd to

ffi,ra

alle 6ra ambachtisljud.

Th6r to boppa, brochton tha sek&mpar mith.

Tha

his

wrde navt ni meld, hwand thrvchdam thSr

maked wrde, was

thes folk-

thit jongkfolk, that fvl stred-

tat jeftha

moder

hjara selva tat his svna,

Inna bosm

Tha alda

partyja.

men

Jud

wil hi jow kS,ning wertha,

thju hi over jo alle rjuchta mei.

wither ene Moder hk,

ha.

allerl6ja syrheda

Ther fon hSdon tha wiva nocht, tha famna nocht,

tha mang^rtne nocht, a,nd th^rof h6don al hjara nocht, a,nd al hjara frjandum S-nd Athum.

m6gum

THE BOOK OF ADELA's FOLLOWERS.

207

Further they said, Every child of Frya has permission to let his voice

cided

but

;

be heard before the choice of a prince if it comfes

then also we will have our say.

Wr-alda has appointed Frisd

him here

From for

in a wonderful way.

knows

Friso

the Grauls, whose language he speaks

watch against their

craftiness.

see,

brought

the tricks of

something

is

count could be chosen

as king without the others being jealous of

nonsense the young maidens talked

de-

he can therefore

;

Then there

What

keep the eye upon.

else to

we can

that

all

for he has

it,

is

you choose a king,

to that, that

;

him

?

All such

but the old maidens,

though few in numbei-, tapped their advice out of another

They

cask.

said always

At night he

the spiders. tions,

and

to every one

:

Friso does like

spreads his webs in all direc-

and in the day he catches

in

them

all his

unsuspect-

Friso says he cannot suffer any priests or

ing friends.

foreign princes, but

we say

that he cannot suffer anybody

but himself; therefore he will not allow the citadel of Stavia

to

be rebuilt

mother again.

;

therefore

To-day Friso

is

he will

your counsellor, to-morrow

he will be your king, in order to have

Among old

the people there

and the poor wished

to

now

full

power over you.

The

existed two parties.

have the mother again, but the

young and the warlike wished first

not have the

for a father

The

and a king.

called themselves mother's sons, the others father's

sons, but the mother's sons did not count for

cause there were

time for

all

brought

all

many

ships to build, there

kinds of workmen.

much

;

be-

was a good

Moreover, the sea-rovers

sorts of treasures, with

which the maidens

were pleased, the girls were pleased, and their relations

and

friends.

208

THET BOK TH^RA ADELA FOLSTAK.

Tha Friso

bi fjuwertich j6r et Staveren hushalden h^de

Thrvch sin bijelda h^de-r

sturf-er.*

f§lo stata wither to

manlik 6therum brocht, thach jef wi ther thrvch

Fon

thvr ik navt bijechta.

nimman

rou n-as th6r

sS,

as-k 6r s6ide, tha jorige

bfiter

Gr6va th^r bif&ra him w6-

alle

bifamed

Tha

lik Friso w6st.

f^mna kSthon sina

makjane

Nw

bi alle mS-nniska.

famna him ther mitha wel navt ne

men

sturven

NW

is

hjitlik

ne machton tha alda

stora in sina bijeldinga,

hja h&von mith hjara ba,ra thach alsa

th§,t-er

sa

love, thahwila

tha alda fdmna ella dedon vmb-im to achtjane &nd to

wrde

utrjucht

fiil

svnder thit er kS,ning w6re.

WIL IK SKRIWA VR AdEL SIN SVNV.

Friso th6r vsa skidnese lered h6de ut-et bok thera Adel-

d6n vmbe hjara frjundskip to winnande.

linga, hede ella

Sin ^roste svnv

thfir

hi hir

heth-er bi stonda Adel heten. sin weld,

alle

vp

to

til

er

lind

tS,lde I6t

Friso

him

th6r utl6red was, I6t-er

sedum

mith

ner wither

atha wnnen.

Tha

to sin Sjn skol

kvma,

him thrvch

DS,na

is-t

kvmen

Atha-rik hgten heth, awet hwat him pase kSm,

et

hSreth.

Adel was-ue minlika skalk,

st4ta f4ra. ffilo

to forst&lane

tMe

to vsa 6wa,

Adel twintich jer

er

And afsken hi k§,mpade

vmbe nene burga

thju hi diger bi diger kvd wertha machta,

hwat

ella

&nd as

Swfithirte siu wif,

bvwande, thach sand hi Adel n6i there burch

Texland

mith

won by

hwand

as sin

t§,t

ovir alle

bi sin fara heth-

th&t et folk

S,ftern6i sa

him

wel to

fallen was, bilev-er in sin sted

svnder that er vr-et kjasa en er 6thera Greva spr^ka k^m.

Thahwila Adel

to

Texland inua

en SUe Ijawe f6m in vpper burch.

xanamarkum

I6re were,

Hju kem

wei, fon ut-ere st^tha th6r

is

was

thfir tefta

fon ut tha Sa-

kStheu Sv6balaud

th6r thrvch w5,rth hju to Texland Sv6benet heten, afskeu *

263

V.

Chr.

f Hamoonius, p.

8.

Suobinna.

THE BO.OK OF ADELa's FOLLOWERS.

When

Friso had been nearly forty years at Staveren he

Owing

died.

209

him many of the states had been ed we were the better for it I am not certify. Of all the counts that preceded him to

together again, but that

prepared to there

was none so renowned

as Friso

;

for, as I said before,

the young maidens spoke in his praise, while the old

maidens did

all

everybody.

Although the old women could not prevent

make him

in their power to

hateful to

meddling, they made so much fuss that he died with-

his

out becoming king.

Now Friso,

I

WILL WRITE ABOUT HIS SON AdEL.

who had

learned our history from the book of

the Adelingen, had done everything in his power to win their friendship.

His eldest son,

named Adel

wife Swethirte, he

witb

any

all

his

citadels,

order to

might

to prevent the building or restoring

make himself

old Friso brought fully educated

better acquainted with our laws,

When

—

Atharik

him

Adel was twenty years

him into his own him he sent him

school,

and when he

to travel

through

all

Adel was an amiable young man, and in his

the states.

made many

travels he

to

he had by his

he sent Adel to the citadel of Texland in

language, and customs.

had

whom

and although he strove

;

that

is,

friends, so

rich in friends

afterwards, for

when

the people called

—which was

him

very useful

his father died he took his

place without a question of any other count being chosen.

While Adel was studying lovely

maiden

marken,

was

from

called

at

at the citadel.

the

state

Texland

* 263 before Christ.

of

at

Texland

there

was a

She came from SaxenSuobaland,

Suobene,

therefore

although

t Hamconiua, page

8.

her

she

name

Suobinna.

THET BOK TH^KA ADELA FOLSTAR.

210 hjra

n6me

Adel hgde hja

If kja w^re.

Ijaf krfijen lind hju

men sin tS,t L6d-im hi skolde jet wachtja. Adel was hfirich, men alsa ring sin t^t fallen was &nd hi

hSde Adel

Ijaf,

s6ten, sand hi histonda

bodon nei Berth-holda hira

hin, as-er sine toghter to wif h§,va machte.

w6r-ne

fon vnforbastere sed, hi hSde Ifkja

forste

Texland inna

svnden inner h&pe that hja

l^re

burchfam k^re wrde skolde hede hjara bfider

Far sa

fere ik hja

wrot

§,nd

til

ewa

selva

vppa hira syd

thervmbe gvng-er

hi to

sSjen.

Ifkja w6r-ne kante Fryas.

hhv kS,nna

lered, heth hju alon wrocht

thju Fryasbern wither

§,nd

nei

enis to

Thach

sine §jn land.

in

gfirte klinna Ifired,

hjam sina

S,nd jef

t§,t

Bertholda

to krejande,

kvma machte

Vmbe

vnder enen bon.

vndera

tha mS-nniska

was hju mith hira

frjudelf

fon of hira t^t thrvch alle Saxanamarka f^ren and forth

Gertmannja

Gertm&nnja.

nei

manna

hSdon

alsa

hjara st^t hfiten, ther hja thrvch

krfijen hede. D&na gvngen hja Fon tha Denemarka gvngon hja skip

dinga

Gosa

tha

Gfirt-

hira bijel-

nei tha Denemarka.

nei Texland.

Fon

Texland gvngon hja nei Westflyland en sa allingen tha

s6

Fon WalhallagS,ra brudon hja sMer Hrenum al ont hja mith grUta frfise E^ne hi tha Mars&ta kemon* hw^rfon vsa

nSi WalhallagS,ra hin.

allingen thera

boppa there

Tho hja th§r en

Apollanja skreven heth.

gvngon hja wither

As

nei tha delta.f

stut west hede,

hja

nw

en tid 16ng

nSi tha delta off4ren weron al ont hja inna strek fon there

alda burch

AkenJ

kfimon, sind ther vnwarlinga fjuwer

skalka morth and naked uteklat.

an kvmen.

Min

vrbSden, thach ther drist

Tha

thS,t

d§n

Hja w6ron en

brother ther vral by was

hja

Tha b6nar

nede navt ne hSred.

hede w^ron

w^i ovira Hrena

kvma

TwislS,ndar thS,t sind

Twisklandar to

•Zie 111. 100. t Dclte nog in N. Holland in gebruik,

th^r juddfiga

morda and

bannane

S,nd

lith S,fter

h6de hja often

to rfiwande.

wei britne Fryast Alien, Aken.

laagte.

THE BOOK OF ADELA's FOLLOWERS. was

Ifkja.

Adel

fell in

love with her,

and she with him,

but his father wished him to wait a as he wished

gers

Adel did

little.

but as soon as he was dead, sent messen-

;

Berthold,

to

211

her father, to ask her in marriage.

He

Berthold was a prince of high-principled feelings.

had sent

his daughter to Texland in the hope that she

might be chosen Burgtmaagd

in her country, but

when

he knew of their mutual affection he bestowed his bleson them.

As

Ifkja was a clever Frisian.

far as I

have been able to learn, she always toiled and worked to bring the Frya's people back under the same laws and customs.

To bring the people

with her husband through

Geertmannia

—

all

to her side, she travelled

Saxenmarken, and also to

Geertmen had named the country

as the

Thence they

which they had obtained by means of Gosa.

went

to

sea to Texland.

Denmark, and from Denmark by they went to Westflyland, and

From Texland

coast to Walhallagara

(the Waal),

;

thence they followed the Zuiderryn

with great apprehension, they arrived

till,

beyond the B,hine at the Marsaten of

When

has written.

so along the

they had

whom

our ApoUonia

stayed there a little time,

they returned to the lowlands.

When

they had been

some time descending towards the lowlands, and had reached about the old citadel of Aken, four of their serThey had vants were suddenly murdered and stripped. loitered a little behind.

My

the alert, had forbidden

them

listen to him.

brother,

who was always on

to do so,

but they did not

The murderers that had committed

this

crime were Twisklanders, who had at that time audaciously The Twiskcrossed the Ehine to murder and to steal. landers

are

banished

and

fugitive

children

of

* See page 150.

t Delta,

still

in use in

North Holland

for

swampy

land.

Frya,

THBT BOK THilRA ADELA FOLSTAR.

212 bern,

men

hjara wiva hS,vath hja fon tha Tartarum r^wet.

Tha Tartara

is

en brun Findas folk, althus hSten thrvch-

dam

hja alle folka to strida uttarta.

a.nd

r&war.

Th6r fon send tha

thorstich wrden.

Hja send

Twi8kl§,ndar alsa blod

Tha TwiskMudar tham thju

hede, heton hjara selva Frya jeftha Franka. s§ide

al hrutar

min brother r^da bruna knd wita mong.

lirgnise den

Thar weron There ther

rad jeftha brun w^ron biton hjara h^re mith sjalkweter* wit.

Neidam

hjara 6nthlita thSr brun by w6r, alsa wrdon

hja thesto Igdliker ther thrvch.

jadon hja

Evin

as Apol]S,nja bisko-

Lydasburcb ind et Alderg^.

S,fternei

D4na

tagon hju in over St^verens wrde by hjara Ijuda rond.

Alsa minlik

hMon

hja hjara selva anst§-led that tha mkn-

niska ra allerwfeikes halda wilde.

sand Adel bodon nei let

tham

Ijuda to

alle

Thre monatha

forther

S,thum ther hi biwnnen hede

bidda, hja skoldon inna

Minna monath

S.nd

lichta

him senda-f

* Diod Sic. V. 28. t Hier heeft de afschrijver Hiddo oora Linda een Mad en daardoor twee bladzijden overgeslagen.

te veel omgeBlagen,

THE BOOK OF ADELA

S

FOLLOWERS.

213

but their wives they have stolen from the Tartars. Tartars are a brown tribe of Finda's people,

named because they make war on all

horsemen and robbers.

This

is

who

everybody.

The

are thus

They

are

what makes the Twisk-

landers so bloodthirsty.

the

The Twisklanders who had done wicked deed called themselves Frijen or Franken.

There were

among them, my

white men.

brother said, red, brown, and

The red and brown made

—

with lime-water

their hair white

but as their faces remained brown, they

were only the more ugly.

In the same way as ApoUonia,

they visited Lydasburgt and the Alderga. they

made a

tour of

all

Afterwards

the neighbourhood of Stavera.

They behaved with so much amiability, that everywhere the people wished to keep them.

Adel sent messengers

to all the friends that he

requesting them to send to

month

Three months later,

him

their

*'

had made,

men

" in the

leaf too

much, and

wise

of May.f

*

Diodorus Siculus, V. 28. + Here the copyist, Hiddo oera Linda, has turned over a has thus omitted two pages.

THET BOK THBRA ADELA FOLSTAE.

214

fam west hede

sin wif s§id er ther

to Texl^nd, hede d^na

To Texland warthat

en ovirskrift kr^jen.

jeta f^lo skrifta

fvnden, ther navt in-t bok thera Adelinga vrskreven send. thissa skriftum hede

Fon

Gosa 6n

f4m AlbSthe avb^r

ther thrvch tha aldeste

16id,

bi hira utroste wille mS,kt

wertha most, alsa ringen Friso fallen was.

Htr

that Skrift mith Gosas Utv.

is

Tha Wr.alda bern kelik slachte,

til

dam

er

in aller tonga §,nd vp

tS,le

formyde mot

ra§,n

vmbe sMighM

nw

lind

hwat m&n

is

wis 3,nd god §,nd al fcsjande.

wist, th&t luk

knd

rjuchtferdige Sjendomlikhed is

fS,st

ther an legen, thS,t

al

N^i*-

s^lighfid fon irtha flya mot,

jef boshed diiged bidroga mei, alsa heth er

likh^d

mot

bijagja

to lindane §,nd s@ligh6d to haldane in

Wr.alda

evghed.

ene

leid er

thS,

thju hja mS,nlik 6thera thermith machte k§,nber

hwat

mfi,kja,

an tha modera fon thit m&,nnis-

Thjus meide h^de Wr.alda an tha manniska

aller lippa.

jeven,

jSf

tA\ Sne

Thjus Sjendom-

bonden.

m&n

an thju

th^r mith n6n l^jen sgge,

uer bidroglika worda spreka ne mei svnder stem I6th

noch svnder sk§,mrad, thrvch hvam mlin tha bosa hirte to

bistonda

vrk§,nna

luk §,nd to selighed

NSidam vsa t^e

mSi. wejath,

§jen tha bosa nygonga, thervmbe

godis

tS.le

h^ten,

S,nd

alle

halda h^vath thSr gome fon. ring

th6r

mong

vsa

bidrogar vpkSmon, utjavon, also ring stera 8,nd tha

§,nd is

Tha hwat

halfsusterum

tham hjara

is tha,t

hwam &.nd

is

thus

mith w&kt

thus

hju mith

tha j6na

fon

alle rjucht

hja an §re bSrth.

Alsa

halfbrotharnm

selva fori godis skaUium

owers widen.

Tha bidroglika pre-

wrangwrSja forsta thSr immer sfimin hSladon,

wildon nei wilk^r l^va &,nd buta god-is

ewa dvan. In

hjara

THE BOOK OF ADELA'S FOLLOWERS. his wife,

he

who had been maagd

said,

received a copy of

of Texland, had

many

In Texland

it.

215

writings are

still

found which are not copied in the book of the Adelingen.

One of these writings had been placed by Gosa with her last will,

which was to be opened by the oldest maiden,

Albetha, as soon as Friso was dead.

Here

is

the Writing with Gosa's Advice.

When Wr-alda gave

children to the mothers of mankind,

he gave one language to every tongue and to This gift Wr-alda had bestowed upon

means they might make known

its

men

to each other

must be avoided and what must be followed tion,

and

As he knew

all-foreseeing.

and holiness would

flee

lips.

by

what

to find salva-

Wr-alda is wise

to hold salvation to all eternity.

and good, and

all

in order that

that happiness

from the earth when wickedness

could overcome virtue, he has attached to the language an This property consists in this, that

equitable property.

men can

neither

nor use deceitful words without stam-

lie

mering or blushing, by which means the innately bad are easily

As

known. thus our language opens the

blessedness,

and thus helps

tions, it

is rightly

all those

by whom

it.

half

named it is

to

and

guard against

princes,

cording the

The

sisters

deceitful

who always clung to

laws

their

of

own

right.

evil inclina-

held in honour derive honour from

As soon

deceivers

as

among our

arose,

who gave

themselves out as servants of the good, otherwise.

and

to happiness

the language of the gods, and

But what has happened? brothers

way

and

priests

soon became

the

malignant

together, wished to live

inclinations,

In

it

their

without

wickedness

regard they

acto

went

THET BOK TH^RA AT>ELA FOLSTAR.

216

tsjodished send hja to gvngen S,nd

svnneu,

Mvon

6tliera tkla for-

thju hja h^mlik machte spr6ka in Sjenw&rtha

til

fon alrek fitherum, vr alle bosa thinga S.nd vr alle vnw^rthlika tliinga svnder thi;t stemleth

Evin blyd

as-t s§d thSra

is

therut bern.

goda krudum fon vnder ne grvnd

vntkemth, th&t avber sSjed

Tit

bjam vrrSda mocht nach

Men hwat

skamrad hjara gelat vrderva.

is

thrvcb goda Ijuda by belle

even blyd brength tyd tha skidlika kruda an-t

d^i,

Ijucht,

tber sSjed send thrvcb bosa Ijuda in-t forborgne S,nd by tbjustrenesse.

Tha lodderiga mangertne mitha vvla presterum

nya

tS.la

vnm&nlika knS,pa

forstum horadon vntlvkadon tha

Wilst

til

thju hja god-is

nw w6ta hwat

tber of

tsile

wrden

is

diiged fon ut hjara

&nd frydom

is

innommen,

sith

mith nyd an

is

vrredon, is

Alle send

folgth

sok rakt S,nd

Ijafde is fljucht §,nd

knd tber

tefel,

welth uv thit Bw6rd.

mar

midden w6ken, wisdom

mith gvngen, endracht

palt heth sin st^d

glM vrjetten Nv stem-

is ?

leth ner gelS,t hjara bosa tochta navt longer

nv

thgr

an hjara bola, therwisa send hja forth kvmen

fimong tha folkrum, h§,ve.

§,nd

S,nd tha

twis-

hordom

er rjuchtfSrdichbSd welde,

sMvona wrden, tha

fon hjara h^ra, fon nyd, bosa lusta S,nd bigyrlikhed.

Ijuda

H6de

hja nvm§,r Sne tale forsvnnen, miiglik was-t thUn jet en lith

god gvngen.

as th^r stata send.

folk evin

that skep.

min

Men

hja hS,von alsa felo t^la utfonden

ThSrthrvch m6i th&t 6ne folk

forst^n as thju

kv thene hvnd

Thit miigath tha stjurar bitjuga.

is-t

nv wei kvmen,

lik

6ra

thSit alle

m&nniska biskoja

th§;t ore

S,nd thi wolf

Thach

d§,n§,

sl^vona folkar m§,nlik othara

§,nd tha,t hja to straffe hjarar

vndigerhed §,nd fon hjara vrmfitenhed, m^nlik 6thera long biorloge a,nd bikampa raoton send.

til

alsa

thju alle vrdilgad

THE BOOK OF ADELA's FOLLOWERS,

217

SO far as to invent other languages, so that they

might

speak secretly in anybody's presence of their wicked and

unworthy

without betraying themselves by stam-

affairs

mering, and without showing a blush upon their counte-

But what has that produced ?

nances.

Just as the seed

men

of good herbs which has been sown by good

in the

open day springs up from the ground, so time brings to light the evil seed which has been secret

and

sown by wicked men

in

in darkness.

The wanton

girls

and effeminate youths who consorted

with the immoral priests and princes, taught the new lan-

guage to their companions, and thus spread people

all

how

this ?

and blushing no longer betrayed

that stammering

their evil doings

tue ed away, wisdom and liberty followed

and quarrelling took

its

place

;

now

it is

If they

many

;

vir-

and

and where All are

bad ions

had only invented one language

things might possibly have

invented as

—

unity was

;

the sword.

slaves-^—the subjects of their masters, envy,

and covetousness.

;

love flew away,

unchastity and envy met round their tables previously justice reigned,

the

Would

God's language was clean forgotten.

till

you know what came of

lost,

among

it

still

gone on well; but they

languages as there are states, so that

one people can no more understand another people than a cow a dog, or a wolf a sheep. witness to

this.

From

The mariners can bear

all this it results

that all the slave

people look upon each other as strangers

punishment of

their inconsiderateness

they must quarrel and fight

till

they are

;

and that as a

and presumption, all

destroyed.

;

THET BOK TH^KA ADELA FOLSTAE.

218

Hte

nv min Bh).

is

Bist thv alsa gyrich that thu irtha allSna erva wilste, alsa achst thv

nimmer

m§,re nen 6re t^le ovir thina wSra

ni kvnaa to letane as god-is

njodane,

til

bilyweth.

thju thin

lijn

§,nd

Thju

t^le

thera Ast Skenlandar t§,le

uthemeda klinka

fry fon

t§,le

dvath stv 6vin

sS,

Nv

alsa.

thrvch tha wla M^gjara vrbrud

is

thgra Kaltana folgar

Gole vrderven.

is

thrvch tha sm^grige

send wi alsa mild west vmbe tha

witherkvmande Hellena folgar wither in vs midden

mande, men

skrom knd ben

ik

h&von wi

witherf3,ren,

to n6-

serelik ange, thUt hja vs

mild-sa vrjelda skilun mith vrbruding vsra rSne Fill

to

Wilst thv th&t er svme fon Lydas bern

fon Findas bern resta,

thju

thin achst thv

§,Dd

ta,le,

men

t£i,le.

fon alle burgum, ther

thrvch arge tyd vrhomlath send §,nd vrdiligad, heth Irtha

Fryasburch vnforleth bihalden ihkt Fryas jeftha god-is

Hyr

to

tS,le

Texland most

etatum ther

;

§,k

mei ik thir by melda

hir evin vnforleth bihalden

min

thus skola

stifta,

fon

is.

alle

mitha alda sedum halda, most-et jongk

et

hyr hinne senden wrde, ifterdam mochton thera

folk

utlered were tha 6ra helpa thSr to

honk

vrbeide.

Willath

tha ora folkar ysre weron fon thi sella end thervr mith thi epreka S,nd thinga,

k^ra.

4nd

moton hja sS,

to god-ist&le wither

skilun tha worda

fry-s§i

rjucht-h^ to hjara inkvma, in hjara brein skilet thin

bijina to

glimmande ind

logha warth.

had

sS,

L^rath hja god-ist&le

to glorande

til

thju ella to-ne

Thissa logha skil alle balda forsta vrtSra

alle skinfr4ua

ind smugriga

prestera.

Tha heinde ind ferhemande sendabodon hedon nocht vr th&t skrift, thach ther ne

Adel selva skola,

kemon nene

skola.

Thi

fon

stifte

him dedon tha 6ra forsta lik hy. J6rlikis gvngon Adel ind If kja tha skola skoja. Fandon hja thin emong tha inhfimar ind uthSmar seliga th^r ekkorum ifter

THK BOOK OF ADELA's FOLLOWERS.

Here

is

219

my Counsel.

If you wish that you alone should inherit the earth, you must never allow any language but God's language to

your free

lips,

and take

care that your

from outlandish sounds.

own language remains

If you wish that some of

Lyda's children and some of Finda's children remain, you

must do the same.

The language of the East Schoon-

landers has been perverted

by the

vile

Magyars, and the

language of the followers of Kaltana has been spoiled by

Now, we have been weak enough

the dirty Gauls.

to

it among us the returned followers of Hellenia, but I anxiously fear that they will reward our weakness by de^

basing our pure language.

Many

things have happened to us, but

among

all the

have been disturbed and destroyed in the

citadels that

bad time, Irtha has preserved Fryasburgt uninjured I

may remark

;

and

that Frya's or God's language has always

remained here untainted.

Here in Texland, therefore, schools should be established; and from

all

the states that have kept to the old customs

the young people should be sent here, and afterwards those

whose education at home.

If

complete can help, those who remain

is

foreigners

come

to

buy ironwares from

you, and want to talk and bargain, they must come back If they learn God's language,' then the

to God's language. words,^

them, light,

"<

to

iand

be free

''

and "to have

glimmer and

justice," will

glitter in their brains to

and that flame will destroy

all

come

to

a perfect

bad princes and hypo-

critical dirty priests.

The native and foreign messengers were pleased with that came from it. Then Adel esta-

writing, but no schools

blished schools himself.

Every year Adel and Ifkja went

to inspect the schools.

If they found a friendly feeling

THET BOK TH^RA ADELA FOLSTAE.

220

frjundskip b^radon, s^ ISton bede grate blidskip blika.

Hedon svme

seliga

ektorum frjundskip sworen,

alsa leton

hja alra mannalik to manlik 6rum kvma, mitli gr^te

noma

leton hja th§,n hjara th§,t

bok

Al

balden.

in

en bok skriva, thrvch hjam

frjundskip heten, &fter

thfira

dam warth

ferst

vmbe tha asvndergana s6mene to snorane. Men

thissa pl§ga wrde den

twyga fon Fryas stam wither et tha famna ther Adel §.nd Ifkja nydich weron, seidon hja-t niwerth ore vr dedon as

vmb

tat sinra skriftum

man

his

that

vmb

en gode hrop, §,nd

bi grS,dum to weldana in ovir enis other

By min

stS,t

stS,t.

h&v ik enen bref funden, skrg-

vin thrvch Ljudgerth thene GSrtm&n,* bihalva svmlika

s§ka ther min

tS.t

allena jelde, j6f ik hyr thkt 6thera to

thkt besta.

Pang-ab, that

kvme, fif

is-ne

runstr&me fon

vmb

w&tera heten

sine

mvnd

in

fyf witera

is

sS

knd hwer neffen wi wech

afsvnderlika

sk^nhed,

§,nd

thet fjuwer 6ra run8trS,ma thrvcH

floja.

El

fere

S,stwarth

noch ne

is

grate runstr§,me thgr helige jeftha frana Grong-ga heten.

Twisk thysum runstr&mne

is-t

16nd thera Hindos.

BSda

runstrama runath fon tha h^ga bergum nei tha delta del.

Tha berga hwana se del str^me sind alsa hfi,ch thet Thervmbe w&rth-et berchta Himelberchta h«ten. Vnder tha Hindos &nd othera ut-a

se to tha himel ISja. iSja

Mndum

sind welka ijuda rpank ther an stilnise by mal.

korum kvma. Findas sind.

Se gelivath thet se vnforbastere hern Se gel^vath thet Finda fon ut-et Him-

mellija berchta bern

is,

hvanl se mith hjara bern nei

tha delta jeftha legte togen

is.

Welke vnder tham gelaskum ther hSlige

vath thet se mith hjra bern vppet

Gongga del gonggen is. Thfirvmbe skolde thi runstrame, Gongga hSta. MSr tha prestera ther ut en 6r lond

hfilige

wech kvma 16ton

thi Ijuda vpspSra S,ud vrbarna,

* Zi«

U.

164.

thervmbe

THE BOOK OF ADELA's FOLLOWEES.

32J

existing between the natives and foreigners, they were

extremely pleased.

If there were

any who had sworn

friendship together, they assembled the people, and with

great ceremony let

them inscribe, their names in a book which was called the Book of Friendship, and afterwards a festival was held. All these customs were kept up in order to bring together the separate branches of Frya's race

;

but the maidens who were opposed to Adel and

Ifkja said that they did

make a name states

it

for

no other reason than to

and

for themselves,

to bring all the other

under their subjection.

Among my

father's papers I

gert the Geertman.

concern

my

found a

from Liud-

letter

Omitting some ages which only

father, I proceed to relate the rest.

Punjab, that

is five rivers,

and by which we

river of extraordinary beauty,

and

is

of the Hindoos. tains to the plains. lie

its

mouth.

to the eastward is another large river, the

or Sacred Ganges.

Between these two

Both

rivers

a

called Five Rivers,

because four other streams flow into the sea by

Far away

travel, is

Holy

rivers is the land

run from the high moun-

The mountains in which

their sources

are so high that they reach the heavens

(laia),

therefore these mountains are called Himmellaia. ,

and

Among

the Hindoos and others out of these countries there are

people

who meet

together

secretly.

They believe that

they are pure children of Finda, and that Finda was bora in the

Himmellaia mountains, whence she went with her

Some of them believe that she, with her children, floated down upon the foam of the Ganges, and that that is the reason why the river is called the Sacred Ganges. But the priests, who came from another country, traced out these people and had them burnt, so that they children to the lowlands.

* See page 164.

•

THET BOK TH^EA ADELA FOLSTAE.

222

ne thurvath se far hjara s6k nit 6pentlik ut ni kvma. thet 16nd sind 611e prestera tjok

ind

la

In hjara ch§,rka

rik.

werthat oUerldja drochtenlika byldon fvnden, ther vnder sind

fiSlo

Yra

Biwesta Pangab ther sind tha

golden mank.

jeftha wranga, tha Gedrostne jeftha britne, &nd tha

01 thisa noma sind-ar thrvch tha

Orjetten jeftha vrjetne.

•nydige prestera jSven, thrvchdam hja fon ar fljuchte,

vmb

kvmste hedon vsa Sthla hjara ower fon Pangab del set, men vmb

seda i,nd gelav, bi hjara selva

ak an tha

tistlika

thera prestera wille sind se ak ngi thSr wester ower faren.

Therthrvch h&von wi tha Yra §,nd tha othera kenna

Tha Yra ne sind nene yra

minska

m§,r goda

Igrth.

ther nena

byldon to leta nach 6nbidda, 4k willath se ndna ch§,rka

nach prestar doga,

S,nd evin als wi-t frS,na Ijucht fon Fista

vpholda, ^vin s& holdon se 611erwechs fjur in hjara husa vp.

Kvmth m6n

after el westlik, 61sS,

Fon tha Gedrostne.

G-edrostne.

folkrum bastered

§,nd

kvmth m6n by

tha

Thisa sind mith 6ra

spr^kath

afsvnderlika Wa..

611e

ammer mith dwMa, ther ammer j§.gja ind

Thisa minska sind werentlilt yra bonar, ther hjara horsa vp overa fjelda

salt-atha forhfira an tha

rS,wa S.nd ther hjara selva als

omhemmande

hwam

forsta, ther wille

se alles nither hS,wa

hwat se bireka miige, Thet 16nd twisk flet

Pangab

Gongga

ther

5.nd

is

like

as Fryasldnd an tha s6, afwixlath mith fjeldmn §,nd

waldum, fruchtb^r an

alle

delum, mar thet mach

vrletta that ther bi hwila thusanda

nit

by thusanda thrvch

Thisa hongernede mach thervmbe nit Wr.alda nach an an Irtha wyten nit wertha, mS,r allfina an tha forsta and prestera. Tha Hindos sind ivin blode

honger biswike.

S,nd

forf^red

tha wolva

from hjara forstum,

sind.

bitjoth.

w&rth afgrislika misbruk mfikth.

vmb

tha hindne from

Thervmbe h§,von tha Yra

Hindos heten, thet hindne kapljud

als

M^r

3,nd

6ra ra

fon hjara blodhgd

Kvmat

thSr ferh§mande

keren to k&pjande, alsa warth

alles to

jeldum

;

THE BOOK OF ADELA'S FOLLOWEiES. do not dare to declare opeuly all the priests are fat

and

are all kinds of paonstrous images,

many

To the west of the Punjab

are the

morose (Drangianen),

Gedrosten

of them of gold.

Yren

from

by the

their

(Iraniers), or

(Gedrosiers),

runaways, and the Urgetten, or forgotten. are given

this country

In their churches there

rich.

the

In

their creed.

223

or

These names

priests out of spite, because they fled

customs and religion.

On

their arrival our

forefathers likewise established themselves to the east of

the Punjab, but on of the priests they likewise

went

In that way we learned to know the

to the west.

Yren and other people. The Yren are not savages, but good people, who neither pray to nor tolerate images neither will they suffer priests or churches

;

but as we

adhere to the light of Fasta, so they everywhere maintain fire

in their houses.

Coming

arrive at the Gedrosten.

still

further westward,

Eegarding the Gedrosten

:

we

They

have been mixed with other people, and speak a variety of languages.

These people are really savage murderers,

who always wander about

the country on horseback hunt-

ing and robbing, and hire themselves as soldiers to the

surrounding princes, at whose

command

they destroy

whatever they can reach.

The country between the Punjab and the Ganges flat as

is

as

Friesland near the sea, and consists of forests and

fields, fertile in

every part, but this does not prevent the

people from dying by thousands of hunger.

The famines,

however, must not be attributed to Wr-alda or Irtha, but to the princes

and

priests.

The Hindoos are timid and

submissive before their princes, like hinds before wolves. Therefore the Yren and others have called them Hindoos,

which means hinds. But their timidity If strangers

come

is

frightfully abused.

to purchase corn, everything is turned

THET BOK th£;ra adela folstak.

224

Thrvch tha prestera ni warth et nit werth, hwand

m^kth.

thisa noch snoder

wytath

ind jyriger

Buta

a,nd bihalva thet

moton hja ak noch

kwik

lyda.

fiil

fiil

fjelda

ele

vrslynne. grS,te

Buta ener

Sle

6le

41 to

noch

fresliker

S,nd fruchta skul

tham.

thSr of plokja wille.

hwand

lythste sind

Se holdon hjara selva twisk

vmb tha minska to Is m6n ther fon byten,

big^na tham

mot m6n

sk

kjen hjara fenyn heth Irtha ngaa kriida

jSven, 61s4nlka tha minska hjara

m^kt an

djar

Tha gr4-

tha grite ^ner b^m.

kv vrslynna, mar tha

blom

als

minsk &nd

wrigguni sind ther snaka fon af

felo 6ra

wyrme

kennath en

st§,rva,

keddum

ele

keren vrtrappe knd

sa gr^t als grate kalvar sind, thSr

teste

fon hjara forsta

fon thet fenynige had wilde

Th^r sind bonte ^nd swarte katta, tigrum heten,

thorpa.

tha

tha Ijuda ther

Th^r send store elefante thSr by

hMpa, thSr bihwyla

thfir

budar kvmth.

^1 god, thet al-et jeld eDdlik in hjara

lyda,

samene,

als alle forsta to

selva

Forth sind ther

afgodie.

hiivon

skildich

oUerlfija slacht fon

h§,chdiska nyndiska §,nd adiska, 61 thisa diska sind yvia als

tha snaka fon of ne

wyrme

til-ne

bamstame

grat,

that hja grat jof fr^slik sind, sind hjara noma, ther ik nit

noma

ni ken, tha aldergr^testa ddiska sind

nM alle

alg§,tter

hgten, thrvchdam se yvin grusich "bitte an thet rotte kwik,

that mith-a stroma fon boppa nei tha delta dryweth as an thet levande kwik, that se biga,na miige.

An

syde fon Pangab, wana wi wech

hwer ik bern

ben,

th^r

blojath

§,nd

ja.ged,

fon

To

wrigga fonden, mkv vsa

walda

vrbarnath

and

alsa,naka

that ther f6 ma.r resta.

Pangab,

then

a,nd

waxath tha selva

nochta as an tha ^stsyde. selva

kvme

finth

man

fara

fruchta

wrdon

fithla

tha west-

er

havon

after

et

ak tha

alle

kryl-

wilde

kwik

Kvmtk man neffeu

§,nd

fette

61

westlik etta

^k

THE BOOK, OF ADELA's FOLLOWERS. into

money, and

225

by the

this is not prevented

priests, be-

cause they, being more crafty and rapacious than

know

princes put together, will

come

into their

very well that

poisonous and wild beasts.

the

money

Besides what the people

pockets.

from their princes, they

suffer

all

the

all

from

suffer a great deal

There are great elephants that

sometimes go about in whole flocks and trample down cornfields

cats

and whole

There are great black and white

villages.

which are called

They are as large as

tigers.

and they devour both men and

calves,

Besides other

beasts.

creeping animals there are snakes from the size of a

The largest can swallow a cow, but

to the size of a tree.

the smallest are the most deadly. selves

among

people

who come

by them

is

worm

They conceal them-

the fruits and flowers, and

Any

to gather them.

surprise the

one who

is bitten

sure to die, as Irtha has given no antidote to

their poison, because the people have so given themselves

up

to idolatry.

toises,

and

There

are, besides, all sorts of lizards, tor-

All these reptiles, like the snakes,

crocodiles.

vary from the size of a

worm to

the trunk of a tree.

Accord-

ing to their size and fierceness, they have names which I cannot recollect, but the largest are called alligators, because they eat as greedily the putrid cattle that float

down

the stream as they do living animals that they seize.

On

the

west

the

of

Punjab

where we come from, and

where I was born, the same

on the east

side.

crawling animals,

underwood, and so

fruits

of

the

as

Formerly there existed also the same but

our

forefathers

burnt

all

the

diligently hunted all the wild ani-

mals, that there are scarcely any

west

and crops grow

Punjab there

is

left.

found

To the extreme rich

clay

land

THET BOK TH^BA ADELA FOLSTAR.

226

dorra gestlanda thSr vnendlik skina, bihwila ofwixlath Ijaflika streka, hweran thet ag forbonden bilywet. Vnder tha fruchta fon min land sind f^lo slachta mank, ther ik hyr nit fvnden h§,v. Vnder allerleja kSren is er

mith

ak golden mank, as

huning

goldgele aple, hwfirfon welke si swSt

§,k

sind, §,nd

welka sa wrang as 6k.

By vs werthat

nochta fonden lik bern-h^veda sa grat, ther sit tsys S,nd

m4kt man ther 61ja fon, fon m^kt m^n taw S,nd fon tha kernum m§,kt mS,n chelka knd or gerad. Hyr inna walda hS,v ik krup §,nd

melok

werthat se aid sk

in,

tha bastum

By

stakbSja sjan.

hwSrfon tha b6ja

vs sind beibsLma als jow lindabama,.

fiil

sw^ter §,nd therwftra grS,ter as stak-

Hwersa tha dega vppa

bSja sind.

sin olderlongste sind

ind thju svnne fon top skinth, then skinth se linrjucht vppa jow hole del. Is min then mith sin skip 61 fer sudlik faren, §,nd mS,n thes meddSis mith sin geldt n6i-t asten kSred, sa skinth svnne §jen thine winstere syde lik se 6wers

enda,

vmb

&jen thine fere syde dvath.

mar

after

min skrywe

Hyrmitha

skil-et thi licht

nog

wil ik falla,

tha legenaftiga teltjas to miige skiftane fon tha wara

tellinga.

—Jow

Ljudgert.

Thet Skeift ton B^den. Mine nom is Beden, HachgS,na his svn. Konered min is nimmer bostigjath a,nd alsa bernl^s sturven. My

em

heth m§,n in sin sted koren.

Adel thene thredde k&ning

n6me heth thju k6se godkSrth, mites ik him as mina m§.stre bikenna wilde. Buta th§,t fvlle erv minre 6m

fon thjuse

heth-er

mi en

ele plek

grvnd j6ven that an mina erva

palade, vnder fi§,rw6rde that ik thSrvp skolde m§,nniska st&lla ther sina Ijuda

nimmer the

skolde.*

• Hier ontbreken in het H. S. twintig bladzijden (missohien meer), waaria Beeden geschreven heeft ovir dien koning Adel III. (Bij onze kronijk sohrij-

vers

Ubbo genoemd.)

THE BOOK OF ADELA'S FOLLOWERS.

227

as well as barren heaths, which seem endless, occasionally varied lovely

spots

on which the eye

enchanted.

rests

Among the fruits there are many that I have not found here. Among the various kinds of corn some is as yellow as gold.

There are also golden apples, of which some are

honey and others as sour as vinegar.

as sweet as

In our

country there are nuts as large as a child's head. contain cheese and milk.

Of

from them. shells cups

When

they are old

found in the woods here bramble and holly have

times

I have

berries.

In

trees bearing berries, as large as your

which are much sweeter and

lime-trees, the berries of

three

made

the husks ropes are made, and of the

and other household utensils are made.

my country we

They

oil is

as large as

When

your gooseberries.

days are at the longest, and the sun

man's body has no shadow.

is

the

in the zenith, a

If you sail very far to the

south and look to the east at midday, the sun shines on

your

left side as

With

it

does in other countries on the right

by means of what I have written, to distinguish between Your Luidgert. false s and true descriptions, side.

this I will finish.

It will be easy for you,

—

The Writing of Beeden.

My name

is

Beeden, son of Hachgana.

having married, place.

left

no children.

uncle, not

Adel, the third king of that name, approved of the

choice, provided I should acknowledge

addition to the entire inheritance of

some land which ed

my

I would settle people there * in

My

I was elected in his

him

as master.

my uncle,

he gave

In

me

inheritance, on condition that

who should never

his people*

Here there are wanting in the manuscript twenty pages (perhaps more), which Beeden has written about the King, Adel the Third, called Ubbo by

the writers of our chronicles.

THET BOK TH^BA ADELA FOLSTAR.

228

th^rvmbe wil ik thet hir-ne sted forjuue.

Bb^f fon EiKA THJU Aldfam, vpseid to Staveben BY-T JOLFEESTE.

Jy

hwam

alle

eibydnesse to

jo.

Ther

afgodie.

his

mith Friso hir kemon, mia

fithla

Alsa jy mfine, send jy vnskeldich an

nil ik

jo vppen brek wysa,

jvd navt vr spr6ka,

tMt

men jvd

Jy wetath

fe bfitre sy.

wil ik

jeftha jy

netath navt, ho Wr.alda thnsand glornoma heth, thach

wetath jy

alle thS.t

hy warth Alfeder heten, ut erseke

ut him warth S,nd waxth to feding sinra skepsela.

alles in

T-is wer, thkt Irtha warth bihwyla

thrvchdam hju

alle friichd

friichd ner

in, sa

Sa thit by

fedstre,

alle

rgdnum.

Hark

hyr,

fon reknong Wr.alda

jeta thrvch-ne wende,

vmbe

hete

mS,ma

kvmth fon vsa

folgath werthe,

sS,

lera.

an

hjara

finda.

§,nd ene

mS,m

him

thS,t-ne mlin

th§;t

strid with-§jen

thjus dw6sh6d wSi kvmth. l^tha,

S-nd

s^hwersa

thi

skilun jy therthrvch sl^vona wertha to

smert fon Frya S,nd jowe h^gmod to.ne

melda ho-t by tha mei jy

iSta

allfina ftder bilywet.

men

th&t er tat sy,

TM ik w6t wdn^t

se

hju

ne j^f Wr.alda ther ngn

bihwyla warth Alffidstre heten,

k&n

let feder

ThS,

ne skoldon tha bern ther nene b^te by

slot

Thi,t Irtha

Thach ne skolde

ther hjara bern

brosta, werthat fSdstra h^ten.

melok

heten,

nocht navt ne bSra, bydam Wr.alda hja nene

Ak wiva

krefta ne j6f.

&k Alfedstre

&nd nochta berth, hwermitha

mS,nnisk &nd djar hjara selva f6de.

nene

thS,t

th^t

gvngen

slS.vona folkar to

Ik

straf. is,

skil jo

ther

Tha poppa k&ningar tham n6i wilker

stekath Wr.alda nei there krone, utn Alffider het, sa wildon hja

§,fter

16va,

yd that Wr.alda

fedrum thera folkar

h6ta.

Nw

wet allera mannalik th^t-ne kSniug navt ovir-ne waxdom .

THE BOOK OF ADELa's FOLLOWERS.

229

therefore I will allow it a place here.

Letter of Eika the Oudmaagd, read at Staveren AT THE JUUL FeAST.

My

greeting to all of you whose forefathers came here

According to what you say, you are not guilty

with Friso.

of idolatry. I will not speak about that now, but will at once

mention a failing which or all

is

very

You know,

little better.

you do not know, how many titles Wr-alda has ; but you

know

that he

named

is

universal provider, because that

everything comes and proceeds from him for the sustenance

named sometimes

of his creatures.

It is true that Irtha is

the feeder of

because she brings forth

all,

and grains on which men and beasts would not bear any

are fed

fruit or grain unless

Women who

her the power.

but she

Wr-alda did not

the children would find no advantage

Wr-alda

that, in short,

;

Wr-alda gave

nourish their children at

their breasts are called nurses, but if

give them milk

the fruits

all

;

so

That Irtha

really is the nourisher.

should be called the universal nourisher, and that a mother should be called a feeder, one can understand, figuratively

speaking; but that a father should be called a feeder, because he

is

know whence

a father, goes against

become

Listen

this folly comes.

all

comes from our enemies will

all reason.

slaves, to

;

and

if this is

to

Now me.

the sorrow of Frya and to the

you what happened

pride.

to the slave people

from that you may take warning.

foreign kings,

who

below the crown.

It

followed up you

punishment of your ;

I

I will

follow their

From envy

tell

own

will, place

that Wr-alda

is

The

Wr-alda

called the

universal father, they wish also to be called fathers of the people.

Now, everybody knows

that kings do not regulate

THET BOK TH^RA ADELA FOLSTAR.

230 ne welth,

men

warth,

im

§,nd th5,t

sin fading thrvch

thet forma navt fvldfin w6st

hja

tins

folk' fine

tha,t

folk brocht

thach wildon hja fvlherdja by hjara formSten-

kvma

Til thju hja to-ra dol

hed.

tMt

machte, alsa h^von

mith tha frya

Fori thene sk&t, tham

vplfiid.

tham

hfiradon hja vrlandiska salt-4tha,

thfirof kfim,

in-om hjara hova

Forth namon hja alsa

leidon.

hja

men hS,voa

jefta,

ffilo

hja

wiva,

as-ra luste, S,nd tha lithiga forsta §,nd hfira dedon al-6n.

As

twist S.nd tvyspalt ifternSi inna hushaldne glupte

ther-vr is

kMchta kemon,

thene

bS,s

tlak

h&von hja

seid, ja-hweder

fon sin hushalden, thfirvmbe skil-er

ffider

&nd rjuchter

m^n

thfir §,k

Th§, kfim wilker S.nd evin as

ovir wesa.

tham mitha ma,nnum

§,nd

in ovir tha hushaldne welde, gvng

er mit tha kiningar in ovir hjara stit §,nd folkar dvan,

Tha tha k&ningar

rum

et alsa

thfira folkar hfite,

§,fter

wyd

brocht hedon,

hja fede-

tha gvngon hja to S.nd leton byldon

hjara d&ntne m§,kja, thissa byldon Ifiton hja inna tha

cherka stalla

tham poppa

tha byldon thfira drochtne ind thi jena

nfist

ther navt far bugja nilde, warth ombrocht jeftha an

Jow

kfidne den.

fithla §,nd

tha Twisklandar hS.von mitha

ommegvngen, dtoa

forsta

Tha navt allena

lered.

thS,t

ha,von hja thjuse dwfishM

svme jower m5,n

skeldich ma.kja an glornQma r§,w, 4k

mith Wr.alda an fynden,

thfir

bered h&ve,

et

lin

Vmbe thM

wille.

hja hjara selva

noma

Frya

birS,wa

ne miige, hja dvath

send

hjara selva

my

modar

hfita.

Frya bern berde svnder jengong

allfina thit hja

glor-rika

ik

vr felo

werthat by jo wiva

wille, ther

mei Frya

Ifitath

vrjettath, that

Jk navt

fin

mot

Werthat by jo m§,n fvnden, tham

jower wiva bikligja.

Thfir

th§,t

alfin

S-nd tha

hja hern

Tha

hja

finis mS-n.

eremodar fon

hjara

navt

nfi,ka

mitha glornoma fon hjara

nfista.

wille,

liweran

wiva ther hjarar selva

hja

Ifitath

frovva

hfita,

,

THE BOOK OF ADELA'S FOLLOWERS. the productiveness of the earth

;

and that they have

sustenance by means of the people, but

still

their

they will persist

In order to attain their object they were

in their arrogance.

not satisfied from the beginning with free

gifts,

but imposed

With the tax thus raised they hired

a tax upon the people. foreign soldiers,

231

whom

they retained about their

many

Afterwards they took as

wives

courts.

they pleased, and

as.

When,

the smaller princes and gentry did the same.

in

consequence, quarrels and disputes arose in the households,

and complaints were made about

it,

they said every man

is

the father (feeder) of his household, therefore he shall be

master and judge over the

men

Thus arose

it.

arbitrariness,

and as

ruled over their households the kings would do

over their people.

When

the kings had accomplished that,

they should be called fathers of the people, they had statues of themselves made, and erected in the churches beside the statues of the idols, and those

down

to

them were

forefathers

who would not bow

either killed or put in chains.

and the Twisklanders had intercourse with the

kings, and learned these follies from them.

only that some of your titles, I

Your

men have been

But

it is

not

guilty of stealing

have also much to complain of against your wives.

If there are

men among you who wish

to put themselves

on a level with Wr-alda, there are also to consider themselves equals of Frya.

borne children, they

call

women who wish Because they have

themselves mothers

;

but they

foro-et that Frya bore children without having intercourse

with a man.

Yes, they not only have desired to rob Frya

and the Eeremoeders of

their honourable title (with

whom

they cannot put themselves upon an equality), but they do the same with the honourable

There are

women who

titles of their fellow-creatures.

allow themselves to be called ladies,

THET BOK THl&RA ADELA FOLSTAE.

232

afsken hja wSte

Ak

hereth.

hja wete,

th§,t

thjuse

n6me

allena to forsta wiva

IStath hja hjara toghater

th§-t

femna hSta, vntankes

nene mangfirt alsa hSta ne mei, w^ra hju

Jy

to Sne burch hdrth,

w^nath

alle

thS,t

ii6m r^wa betre werthe, thach jy vrjettath

klywet

S-nd th§,t elk

kwad

min

et

thi,t

nyd

waxdom an

th§,t

thfir

sine tuchtrode sfijath.

jy navt ne wither, sa skil tid ther sterik thlit

jy thruch

au

KSratli j^va, alsa

ende ther of navt bisja ne mgi.

Jow

§,fterkvmanda skilun thSr mith feterath wertha, hja ne

Men

skilun navt ne bigripa hw^nat thi sliga, wei kvme. afskfin jy tha

fUmna nSne burch bvwe

S.ad

an

lot vrlSte,

thach skilun thgr bilywa, hja skilun fon ut wald S,nd holum

kvma, hja skilun jow §,fterkvmande biwysa thit jy th^r Th&n skil mS,n jo vrdema, jow willens skildech an send. skina skilun vrf^th fon ut-a

grSvum

hja

rysa,

skilun

Wr.alda, hja skilun Frya &nd hjara famna anhropa, tha

nimman

skil-er ILwet

an b^tra ne miige, bifare th&t

in op en ore hlaphring tr^th,

men thM

Jol

skil ^rist bera as

thre thusand j6r vrhllpen send ifter thisse §w.

ENDE FON RIKAS BR^F.

* Hier eindigde

liet

sohriiven van Beeden.

bladzijden volgens de paginatuur.

De

In bet H.

Maar zonder

S.

ontbreken twee

twijfel ontbreekt er meer.

afgebroken aanhef van het volgende wijat aan, dat de aanvang van bet volgende gescbrift verloren gegaan is en daarmede ook de aanduiding van den oaam des Bcbrijvers, die een zoon of kleinzoon van Beeden kan geweest zijn.

THE BOOK OF ADELA's FOLLOWERS. although they

know

They

princes.

although they

233

that that only belongs to the wives of

also let their daughters be called

know

that no

young

unless they belong to a citadel.

You

girls all

maagden,

are so called

fancy that you

are the better for this name-stealing, but you forget that

jealousy clings to

of

its

own

it will

will not

If

rod.

grow

the end.

it,

and that every wrong sows the seed

you do not

so strong that

you cannot see what

Your descendants

know whence

be flogged by

will

the stripes come.

you do not build citadels

time

alter j'our course, in

for the

will it,

be

and

But although

maidens and leave them

to their fate, there will still remain

some who

will

come

out of woods and caves, and will prove to your descendants that you have by your disorderliness been the cause of

it.

Then you

will be

Your ghosts

damned.

frightened out of their graves.

will rise

They will call upon "Wr-alda,

Frya, and her maidens, but they shall receive no succour before the Juul shall enter upon a will only be three

circuit,

and that

thousand years after this century.

THE END OF RIKA

*

new

S

LETTER.

In the manuscript two successive pages more wanting. The abrupt opening of what follows shows that the beginning of the following writing has been lost, and, in consequence, also the notification of the name of the writer, who may have been a son or a grandson of Beeden.

Here the writing

of

Beeden ends.

are missing according to the paging, but no doubt there are

S

234

THET BOK TH^RA AUELA FOLSTAR,

thervmbe wil ik that forma vr swarte Adel

Adel were thene fjurde kening to Texland

heth-er

Ifired, §,nd

lered,

Bi sin

&fter Friso.

heth-er

S,fternei

Swarte

skriva.

to

jiiged

St§,veren

Tha

forth heth-er thrvch ovir alle stata f^ren.

th&t er

Quwer &nd

th§,t-er

to

tvintich jer were, heth sin tat m§,ked

Asega-askar k^ren

Tha-er enmel

is.

Eiskar

Tha

wgre, askte hi altid in-t fardel thera &,rma.

rika,

s6d-er, plegath ^noch vnrjuchta thinga thrvch middel fon

hjara jeld, thervmbe ^gon wi to njvdane th§,t tha kvma

omme

nei vs

Thrvch tha-s

sjan.

§,nd 6ra redne

thene frjund th^ra &rma knd thera rika skrik. is-t

kvmea

t4t

fallen was,

th§,t sin tit

wild-er evin god sin

ambt

sStel

navt ne d4ja,

thS,t

sekum

alle

Askar

lik-er

4skte, th6r-er bistek

to ne he-

hwam

his helpe

vp hede.

Kening

immer hSten warth, w^re by sjugun

16nge, st grkt sin t61 wer, w^ron

hede-n hel forstan, s^

men

Hi dumde

elika rjucht pet&.rja.

tha rika S,nd hi strykte tha S,rma, mith hi

sin thS,

w§ron blyde

Fon

that hja h6l-hud-is fon thfire acht of kSmon.

m&n nimmar ma,ra ovir

klywed,

S.rg

bihalda, lik as tha keningar

blip allet 6ra folk to hape, §.nd tha rika

rade

Tht

nSi tha §,gum sach.

Tha rika nildon

fou-t asta plegath.

nw

him

^nd hy vppa tham-his

wer-i

Alsa

irthfet

sina krefta.

S,k

th§,t-er alles forstande,

Hi

hwSrwr that

spr^ken warth, thach in sin dvan ne macht m§,n nene

wisdom

men

Bi-n sken 6nhlite hed-er Sne glade tonge,

spera.

jeta swarter as sin hfir

that-er

en

jer

kening

is

wfire,

fon sin st^t, hja skoldon jerlikis vppet ther skiu-orloch makja.

men

wrdum w6i k^mon

dva.

Tha

stifta.

Tha

hi-t

alle

knapa

k^mp kvma

kemon

sfl,

a.nd

men^rlik, that aid S.nd jong

to frejande jef hja

alsa fere

rika

hi

In-t 6rost hede-r ther spul mith,

to tha lersta warth-et

ut alle

Tha

sine sSle fvnden.

nedsekte

brocht to

machte mith

hSde, let-er werskola

barane

5-nd

seidon,

that

THE BOOK OF ADELA's FOLLOWERS,

235 Black Adel

therefore I will first write about black Adel.

was the fourth king first

at Texland,

In his youth he studied

after Friso.

and then at Staveren, and afterwards

When

travelled through all the states.

he was twenty-

four years old his father had .him elected Asega-Asker.

As soon

as he

the poor.

The

became Asker he always took the part of rich,

he

said,

of their wealth, therefore

poor look up to

us.

do enough of wrong by means

we ought

By arguments

to take care that the

of this kind he became

the friend of the poor and the terror of the rich. carried so far that his father looked his father died he succeeded,

up

was

It

When

to him.

and then he wished

to re-

tain his office as well, as the kings of the East used to do.

The

rich

and the

would not

suffer this, so all the people rose up,

rich were glad to get out of the assembly with

From

whole skins.

He

equality.

that time there was no

more

talk of

oppressed the rich and flattered the poor,

by whose assistance he succeeded

King

in all his wishes.

Askar, as he was always called, was seven feet high, and his strength

was

as remarkable as his height.

clear intellect, so that he understood all that

about, but in his actions he did not display

He had

it

all

was talked

much wisdom.

come once a year

At

first

to the

When

hair.

been king for a year, he obliged all the

fio-ht.

a

handsome countenance and a smooth tongue,

a

but his soul was blacker than his

state to

He had

he had

young men

camp

have a sham

to

he had some trouble with

in the

it,

but at last

became such a habit that old and young came from sides

When

to

ask

if

they

he had brought

military

schools.

The

it

might

take

part

in

it.

to this point, he established

rich

complained

that

their

THET BOK TH^RA ADELA FOLSTAE.

236

nw n^n l^sa nach skryva navt ne lerade. Askar ne melde-t navt, men as thSr kirt S.fter wither skin-orloch hjara bern

halden warth, gvng-er vppen vpstal stonda, §,nd ketha

Tha rika sind

lilud.

knfi,pa

vp

nen

16sa

my kvmen

to

nach skryva noch

seith, thach hir wil ik

mena

acht bithinga

to bS.rana, thkt hjara

l^ra, ik n.S,v

mine m^nong

Th&

16ta.

sedsa,

nw

alrek

min

seid-er forther,

hjud

&nd skriva tha f^mna &nd alda

thS,t lesa

Ik n-il

kwad spreka

nfin

sega, yndera tyda

vr vsa

mot min

bigrip

lichta vrlgta.

ik wil

^thla,

hwervp thrvch svme

ind an tha

neisgyrich nSi

him vpsach,

n^i

ther nawet

sa,

allena

herde bogath

warth, hS,von tha burchf^mna twyspalt inovir vsa 14nda brocht,

&nd tha Modera

navt wither

to-t

fiir

ind nei ne kvndou twyspalt

land ut ne dryva.

Jeta

§,rger,

thahwila

hja kS,lta §,nd petS,rade vr n§,del§,sa plega, send tha Gola

kvmen

hS,von

S,nd

skena

vsa

al

sudarlanda

rfi,weth.

Il^misdSga send hja mith vsa vrbruda brotharum S,nd hjara salt-athnm al overa Skelda

kvmen, vs

kjasane twisk-et bfira fon juk jef sw^rd.

rest thus to

Willath wi fry

bilywa, alsa ^gon tha knS,pa th&t lesa S.nd skryva f^r-

hondis &fterw6i-n to letane §,nd in stede that hja invppa

meide hwip spSr spela. stor enoch

S,nd

swik spele, moton hja mith swerd S,nd

Send wi

in

vmb helmet

to h6nt^rane,

alle

then skil ik

thene fjand werpa.

dela ofned §,nd tha

S,nd skild to bfirane §.nd

my

kn&pa

tha wSpne

mith jower helpa vppa

Tha Gola meieath then tha

nither-

ISga fon hjara helpar §,nd salt-athum vppa vsa fjeldum

skryva

mith-et

blod,

th&t

ut

wndum

hjara

drjupth.

HS,von wi thene fyand en mel far vs ut dreven, alsa raoton wi thermith forth gvnga, alhwenne thSr nSn Gola

ner Slavona nach Tartara m^ra fon Fryas erv to vrdryvane send.

Tha-s rjucht, hrypon tha milsta

thvradon hjara mvla navt epen ne dva.

&,iid

tha rika

lie

Thjus tosprfike bed

;

THE BOOK OF ADELA'S FOLLOWERS.

237

children no longer learned to read and write.

Askar

paid no attention to it; but shortly afterwards, w^en a

sham

was held, he mounted a throne and spoke

aloud

fight :

The

rich have

come

to complain to

hoys do not learn to read and write.

but I

will

now

declare

my

assembly

decide.

curiosity,

he said further

opinion,

While they :

I

me

answered nothing

and

let

the general

him with

regarded

all

that their

According to

my

we

idea,

ought to leave reading and writing at present to the

maagden and wise our forefathers

people.

I do not wish to speak

ill

of

I will only say that in the times so vaunted

;

by some, the Burgtmaagden introduced disputes into our country, which the mothers were unable, either last, to

put an end

Worse

to.

still,

first

or

while they talked and

chattered eless customs the Gauls came and seized all

Even

our beautiful southern country.

at this very time

our degenerate brothers and their soldiers have already

come over the

Scheldt.

choose whether

we

will carry a

wish to be and to remain to leave reading

remains for us to

It therefore

yoke or a sword.

free, it

If

behoves our young

and writing alone

for a

time

;

we

men

and instead

of playing games of swinging and wrestling, they must

When we

learn to play with sword and spear. pletely prepared,

com-

are

and the boys are big enough

to carry

helmet and shield and to use their weapons, then, with

The Gauls may then

your help, I will attack the enemy.

record the defeat of their helpers and soldiers upon our fields

with the blood that flows from their wounds.

we have once expelled till

the enemy, then

there are no more Gauls, Slaves,

out of Frya's inheritance.

That

we must

When

follow

it

up

or Tartars to be driven is

right, the majority

shouted, and the rich did not dare to open their mouths.

THET BOK rntvix adela folstar.

238

er sekur to fara forsonnen

&nd vrskriva

Ifiten,

hwand

dwendis fon there selvare d6i wSron tha ofskriftum liwel in twintich

h6uda

makja

f^rstevrene

macht

fS,stigja.

kvn imman

S.iid

Thera ther

swfira that-er

fon Britanja

hk

thS.t fvl

dabhele

hweran mS,n 6ne stolen kr^nboga

leta,

al th&t

skoldon

hja

warth bibot,

S,fterw6i bil6v

n^ne midle navt n^de, alsa mos-

Hjud

ton tha rika fon sin g&-t bitalja.

hwSr vppa

thfira

weron fiuishludende.

thi alle

skipmanna,

Afternei bifel-er tha

s-

Mi

uthl&pen

skil ni§,n sjan

An-t north-ende

is.

mith haga bergum

is, thfir

sit

en

Skots folk, vr-et m^radel ut Fryas bled sproten, vr-a 6ne lielte send,

hja ut Kiltana-folgar, vr-et ora dSl ut Britne

&nd bannane, th^r by gradum mith tyd fon-ut-a tinl6num thSr hinna fljuchte.

Ther ut-a tinl6na kSmon, h&vath

gadur vrlandiska wiva jeftha fon vrlandis tuk.

Thi

al-

alle

send vnder-et weld thera Golum, hjara wepne send woden

boga

S,nd

spryta mith pintum fon herthis-hornum tk fon

Hjara husa send fon s§,dum ind

flintum.

stre

&nd svme

hemath inna hola thera bergum.

Skepon thSr hja rawed

Mong

tha S-fter-kvmanda th^ra

have,

is

hjara 6nge sk&t.

K&ltanafolgar h§.vath svme jeta ysera wSpne,

Vmbe nw god

hjara Sthlum urven hS.ve.

ande,

m6t

ik

min

thfir

hja fon

forst^n to werth-

telling vr thS,t Skotse folk resta I6ta,

And 6wet fon tha h^inda Krekalanda

skriva.

Tha h^inda

men

sunt

vnhiiglika tidum hS,von ra th^r ak S,fterkvmanda fon

Lyda

Krekalanda h8,von vs

to fara allSna to herath,

&nd fon Finda nitherset, fon tha en

die

h4pe fon Tr6je.

lersta

to tha lersta

Trdje alsa heth fine stede hfiten,

ther et folk fon tha fere Krekalanda

melt heth.

kemon

innomth

S,nd Vrho-

Tha, tha Trojana to tha hfiinda Krfikalandum

nestled w6ron, tha hivon sterke sted mith walla

hja th6r mith tid

&nd

flit fine

had burgum bvwed, Rome, that

is

8-1

THE BOOK OF ADELA's FOLLOWEllS.

He must had

it

certainly have thought over this

239 address and

written out, for on the evening of the same day

and

there were copies in at least twenty different hands,

they

all

sounded the same.

ship people to

bows could be

make double prows, upon which steel crossfixed. Those who were backward in doing

this were fined,

the rich

we

men

shall see

Afterwards he ordered the

and

if

they swore that they had no means,

Now

of the village were obliged to pay.

what resulted from

In the

all this bustle.

north part of Britain there exists a Scotch people

most of them spring from Frya's blood

—some

of

—

the

them

are descended from the followers of Keltana, and, for the rest,

from Britons and fugitives who gradually, in the

course of time, took refuge there from the tin

mines.

Those who come from the tin mines have wives, either altogether foreign or of foreign descent.

They are

bows and arrows pointed with stag's-horn or flint. houses are of turf and straw, and some of them

Their live in

Sheep that they have stolen

caves in the mountains.

Some

form their only wealth.

all

Their arms are wooden

under the dominion of the Gauls.

of the descendants of Kel-

tana's followers still have iron weapons, which they have

In order to make my-

inherited from their forefathers. self well understood,

I

must

let

alone for a while

my

of the Scotch people, and write something about the near Krekalanders (Italians). The Krekalanders formerly

belonged to us only, but from time immemorial descendants of Lyda and Finda have established themselves there.

Of

from Troy.

these last there

Troy

is

the

came name

in the end a whole troop

of a town that the far

Krekalanders (Greeks) had taken and destroyed. When the near Krethe Trojans had nestled themselves among kalanders,

with time and industry they built a strong

town with walls

and

citadels

named Rome,

that

is,

THET BOK TII^RA ADELA FOLSTAR.

240

Eum,

Th^

Iieten.

den was, heth

thS,t

tMt

thrvch lest §,nd weld fon

ele

thS,t folk

him

selva

master mS-ked.

lS,nd

anda sudside there Middelse hemth, is f9,rTha Fhonysjar * et mara dSl fon Fhonysja w6i kvmen. send en bastred folk, hja send fon Frj'as blod ind fon Tha,t folk thS,t

Th&t folk fon Lyda

Findas blod §.nd fon Lyda his blod. send ther as slavona,

men

thrvch tha vntucht

thfir

wyva

h^von thissa swarte minniska

al-et ora folk bastered §,nd

Thit folk 4nd

tham fon Rome k&mpath

brun

vrf&rvet.

olan vmb-et masterskip fon tha Middelse.

Forth levath

tham fon Eoma an fjandskip with tha Fonysjar, &,nd hjara prestera ther-et rik allena welda wille wr irtha, ne miigon Gola navt ne

tha

Th&t forma hivon hja tha

sjan.

Fphonysjar Mis-selja ofnomen, dan§, alle landa, ther sudward, westward knd northward lidsa, Britanja, S,nd allerwSikes

§,k

et sudard^l fon

h&von hja tha Fonysjar prestera,

that heth tha Grola vrjS.geth, d^na sind thusanda Gola nei north Brittanja brit.

thera

Golum

Keren§,k that ora Gola.

seten is

Ak

Keren heme

Kirt vrleden was thdr tha vreste

vppa th^re burch,

thgr

is

kSthen

heme, hwanath hi sin bif^la jef an alle was ther al hjara gold togadur brocht.

jeftha KerenS-k

is fine

stenen burch, ther er

Thervmbe wildon tha f^mna fon tha

an KS,lta herde.

§,fterkvmande thfira KS,ltana-folgar tba biirch wither ha.

Alsa was thrvch tha fyanskip thera famna &nd

lum

faithe

morth

&nd twist

S,nd br6nd.

in ovir thS,t Berchland

Vsa

stjiirar

thfira

Go-

kvmen mith

keiuon thdr f4ken wol

sellade fori tobirede hiidum §,nd lintie. Askar was often mith west, an stilnesse hed-er mith tha f^mna &nd mith svme forstum atskip sloten, §,nd him halja, th§,t hja

vmbe tha Gola

selva forbonden

As-er thernei wither andliksta

manna

was mith kvmen

kem

jef

to vrj^gane ut Keren&k. hi tha forsta S,nd wig-

ysere helma §,nd stela boga. §,nd kirt a.fter flojadon

* B'hoiiysiar, Cartliagers.

Orloch

stroma blod by

THE BOOK OF ADELA S FOLLOWERS. Spacious.

When

this

was done, the people by

241 craft

and

made themselves masters of the whole land. The people who live on the south side of the Mediterranean

force

Sea, come for the most part from Phoenicia. The Phoenicians (Puniers or Carthaginians) are a bastard race of the blood of Frya, Finda, and Lyda. The Lyda people

were there as slaves, but by the unchastity of the women these black people have degenerated the other people and dyed them brown. These people and the Eomans are constantly struggling for the supremacy over the Mediterranean Sea. The Komans, moreover, live at enmity with the Phoenicians ; and their priests, who wish to assume the sole government of the world, cannot bear the sight of the Gauls. First they took from the Phoenicians

—

Marseilles then all the countries lying to the south, the west, and the north, as well as the southern part of Britain and they have always driven away the Phoenician

—

whom thousands have sought refuge in North Britain. short time ago the chief of the Gauls was established in the citadel, which is called Kerenac (Karnac), that is the corner, whence he issued

priests, that is the Gauls, of

A

his

commands

All their gold was likewise Keeren Heme (chosen corner), or Kerenac, is a stone citadel which did belong to Kalta. Therefore the maidens of the descendants of Kaltana's followers wished to have the citadel again. Thus through the enmity of the maidens and the Gaul's, hatred and quarrelling spread ever the mountain country with lire and sword. Our sea people often came there to get wool, which they paid for with prepared hides and linen. Askar had often gone with them, and had secretly made friendship with the maidens and some princes, and bound himself to drive the Gauls out of Kerenac. When he came back there again he gave to the princes and the fighting men iron helmets and steel bows. War had come with him, and soon blood was streaming down to the Gauls.

collected there.

* Phonsiar are Carthaginians.

THET BOK TH^RA ADELA FOLSTAB.

242

Tha Askar mSnde that kans

tha hellinga thSra bergum del. liim tol&kte, gvng-er

mith fjuwertich skepum hin

S.nd

nam

X6reni,k §,nd thene vreste thera Grolum mith al sine gold!

Th&t folk w^rmith hi with tha salt-§,thum th^ra Golum k§,mped hede, hed-er ut-a Saxanamarkiim Ivkt mith

lofte fon

Thus warth tha Gola newet Afternei nam-er twa Slanda to berch far sinum ISten. skepum, S,nd hwanath hi 16ter utgvng vmb alle Fonysjar Tha skfipa §,nd steda to birawane ther hi bigS,na kv. er tobek kem brocht-i tomet sex hvndred thera storeste grate hera-rave S.nd but.

knelpum fon hja

him

to

thS,t

Hi

Skotse berchfolk mith.

borgum jeven weren,

til

seide that

thju hi sekur w6sa

machte th&t tha eldra him skolde trow bilywa, men-t was jok, hi hild ra as lifwere et sina hoya, ther hja allera distik les krejon in-t ryda

in-t h6ndtera fon allerlSja

Tha Denamarkar tham

wepne.

boppa

ind

alle ora stjurar stoltlike

hjara

selva

sek&mpar

hete,

sunt long

hedon sa

d^dum navt ne

ringe navt fon Askar sina glorrika

hered,

jef hja wrdon nydich ther vr, thermSte, that hja wilde orloch

brensa over-ne s^ &nd

over sina

hyr, ho hi orloch formitha machte.

there vrhomelde burch Stavja faaa

mith svme famna

seten.

landa.

Sjan

Tw-isk tha bvwfala

was jeta 6ne snode burchHjra noma was ESintja

&nd thSr gvng en grate hrop fon hira wished ut. Thjus fS,m bad an Askar hjra helpe vnder bithing, that Askar skolde tha burch Stavja wither vpbvwa ISte. As-er him thSr to forbonden hede, gvng EMntja mith thrim famna nei ti[als,* nachtis gvng hju r^isa 4nd thes deis kSthe hju vppa alle markum knd binna alle meidum. Wralda seide hju hede hja thrvch thongar tohropa leta th&t allet Fryas folk

moston frjunda wertha,

owers skolde Findas folk

lik sustar

kvma

S,ad

&nd brothar tamed, ra

alle

fon irtha

N6i thongar weron Fryas sjvgun wi\kfamkes hja anda dr^me forskinnen, sjvgun nachta after ekkorum. vrdilligja.

* Hulij, Hulstein.

THE BOOK OF ADELA's FOLLOWERS.

243

the slopes of the mountains. When Askar thought a favourable opportunity occurred, he went with forty ships and took Kerenac and the chief of the Gauls, with all his gold. The people with whom he fought against the soldiers of the Gauls, he

had enticed out of the Saxenmarken by promises of much booty and plunder. Thus nothing was left to the Gauls. After that he took two islands for stations for his ships, from which he used later to sally forth and plunder all the Phoenician ships and towns that he could reach. When he returned he brought nearly six hundred of the finest youths of the Scotch mountaineers with him. He said that they had been given him as hostages, that he might be sure that the parents would remain faithful to him ; but this was untrue. He kept them as a bodyguard at his court, where they had daily lessons in riding and in the use of all kinds of arms. The D0nmarkers, who proudly considered themselves sea-warriors above all the other sea-people, no sooner heard of the glorious deeds of Askar, than they became jealous of him to such a degree, that they would bring war over the sea and over his lands. See here, then, how he was able to avoid a war.

Among

Stavia there was

the ruins of the destroyed citadel of

still

established a clever Burgtmaagd,

with a few maidens. Her name was Reintja, and she was famed for her wisdom. This maid offered her assistance to Askar, on condition that he should afterwards rebuild the citadel of Stavia. When he had bound himself to do this, Eeintja went with three maidens to Hals (Holstein). She travelled by night, and by day she made speeches in all the markets and in all the assemblies. Wr-alda, she said, had told her by his thunder that all the

must become friends, and united as and sisters, otherwise Finda's people would come and sweep them off the face of the earth. After the thunder Frya's seven watch-maidens appeared to They had her in a dream seven nights in succession. Frya's

people

brothers

*

Hals

is

Holstein.

THET BOK THI:RA ADELA FQLSTAR.

244

landum swabbert ramp mith juk §;nd kSdne omme. Th^rvmbe moton alle folkar ther ut Frya sproten send hjara tonoma wei werpa §,nd hjara selva Forth moton alle vpallena Fryas berh jeftha folk hfita. Nillath stonda &nd et Findas folk fon Fryas erv dryva. hja thS,t navt ne dva, alsa skilun hja slavona benda vmbe Hja hSde

seith

boppa

Fr3'as

hjara halsa kreja, alsa skilun tha vrlandaska hera hjara

bern misbruka §,nd frytra inna jowre gr^va.

blod sygath

leta, til thju thiit

ThS,n skilun tha skinna jowre Sthlajo

kvma wekja knd jo bikyvja vr jo lefhSd &nd Thit dvme folk, thS,t thrvch todyan thSra an sa

fiil

dwSshed wenth was, lavadon

vndigerh^d,

MS,gyara

alles

al

hwat hju

&nd tha m§,mma klimdon hjara bern ijen hjara ThS, Eeintja thene kening fon Hals §.nd brosta an. seide

othera manniska to endracht vrwi'ocht hede,

alle

sand

hju bodon nei Askar §,nd t^g selva alingen thene Balda se.

DanS. gvng hju by tha Hlith-hawar, althus heteu

hja hjara fyanda immer nei thet onhlite Tha Hlithhawar send britne and bannene fon vs &jn folk th&t inna tha Twisklanda sit &nd omme dwarelt. Hjara wyva havon hja mest algadur fon tha Tartara rawed. Tha Tartara s6nd en del fon Findas slachte i,nd

vmbe

that

h&we.

althus thrvch tha Twisklandar heten

merthe n6n fretho to strydande.

wille,

men

vmbe

hja nim-

th§,t

tha m§,nniska

alti

ut tarta

Forth gvng hju ^ftera Saxnamarka tweres

thrvch tha ora Twisklanda hin, allerweikes th&t selva utk6,tha.

N^i twam j6r

om

weron,

kem

hju allingen

Eene to honk. By tha Twisklandar hede hju hjara selva as Moder utjS,n §,nd seid that hja mochton as fry S.nd franka m&uniska wither kvma, men th§,n mosten hja ovir tha Eene gvngga knd tha Gola folgar ut Fryas thSre

sudarlandum

j^gja.

As

hja that dfide, sa

kening Askar overa Skelda gvngga ofwinna.

By tha Twisklandar send

fl,nd

skolde hjra

tliur

that land

f61o tjoda plega fon

tha Tartarum a,nd Magjara binna glupt,

men ak

fiil

send

;

THE BOOK OF ADELa'S FOLLOWERS. Disaster hovers over Frya's

said,

chains

;

therefore all the people

245

land with j^oke and

who have sprung from

Frya's Ijlood must do away with their surnames, and only call

themselves Frya's children, or Frya's people.

must

all rise

inheritance.

np and

They

drive Finda's people out of Frya's

If you will not do that, you will bring the'

slave-chains round your necks, and the foreign chiefs will ill-treat

yom- children and flog them

into your graves. fathers

appear

to

and thoughtlessness.

till

the blood streams

Then

shall the spirits of your fore-

you,

and reproach

your

cowardice

The stupid people who, by the

of the Magyars, were already so

much accustomed

acts

to folly,

believed all that she said, and the mothers clasped their

children to their bosoms.

When

king of Holstein and the others

Reintja had brought the

to,

an agreement, she sent

messengers to Askar, and went herself along the Baltic Sea.

From

there she went to the Lithauers (Face-hewers),

so called because they always strike at their enemy's face.

The Lithauers are fugitives and banished people of our Their race, who wander about in the Twisklanden.

own

wives have been mostly stolen from the Tartars.

The

named

Tartars are a branch of Finda's race, and are thus

by the Twisklanders because they never will be at peace, but provoke people the

to fight.

She proceeded on beyond

Saxsenmarken, crossing through the other Twisk-

landers in order always to repeat the same thing.

After

two years had ed, she came along the Rhine home.

Among

the Twisklanders she gave herself out for a mother,

and said that they might return as free and true people but then they must go over the Rhine and drive the Gauls out of Frya's south lands.

If they did that, then her

Askar would go over the Scheldt and win back the

Among

the Twisklanders

and Magyars have crept

many bad customs in,

but likewise

King land.

of the Tartars

many

of our

246

THET BOK TH^lRA ADELA FOLSTAR.

thSr fon vsa

sSdum bilewen.

Th^r thrvch h&vath

f§,mna th6r tha bern ISra ind tha alda r6d jeva,

fang wSron hja Eeintja nydich,

men

lija

jeta

Bit-an-

to tha lestawS,rth hju

thrvch hjam folgath a.nd thjanjath S,nd allerwSikes bogath,

hw6r-et nette &ud n^dlik were.

Alsa ringen Askar fon Eeintja hjra bodon fornom ho tha Juttar nygath weron, sand hi bistonda bodon fon sinant

wegum

Th&t skip, wfirmith

n6i tha k&ning fon Hals.

tha bodon gvngon, was

&nd th6r by w§r en golden d3,nte kunstalik

mith f^mna syrhedum

fvl l^den

hwervppa Askar

skild,

was utebyld.

his

Thissa bodon mosten freja

j6f Askar thes k&ning his toghter Frethogunsta to sin wif

Frethogunsta kern en j^r l^ter to StS.veren,

hive machte.

Magy, hwand tha Juttar that Askar mith Fre-

bi hjara folgar wSre ^k 6nen

weron sunt 16ng vrbrud. thogunsta bostigjath

Kirt

was,

S.fter

th^r to St^veren ene

w8,rth

scherke bvwad, inna thju scherke wrdon tjoda drochten

lykanda byldon

Ak

st§,lth

mith gold trvch wrochtne klathar.

Askar

er biwerath that

is

mith Frethogunsta

fir

nachtis S,nd vntydis

thfir

Men

nitherbuwgade.

s§,

fiil

is

sekur, thju burch Stavia ne w&rth navt wither vpebvwed.

R6intja was al to bek kvmenj'S-nd lik thju

Moder

et

Texland birja.

gvng nydich nSi ProntProntlik gvng to §,nd

sand allerw6ikes bodon th6r utk^thon, Askar

Askar d^de

an afgodie. lingen

k6m

fdmna

ut-ere

as murk-i-t navt,

is

vrjeven

men vnwar-

Nachtis wrdon tha

th6r 6ne fl^te ut Hals.

ogtins

kvn m§,n fon

there burch allena fine glandere hape sjan.

Prontlik lind

burch drywen,

my vmb it my to,

Rfiintja kfimon to nfii

tochte,

Ifik

bideja kvste.

§,nd

skul.

that

ThS, ik thfir S,fternei vr it

kwadlik far min

Thervmbe hivon wi

to

sfimne ene

stS,t

lest

forsonnen, ther vs alle b&ta most. Sjan hyr ho wi to gvn-

gen send. vsa pS,da

fly

Middel in-t Krylwald biasten Ljvwerde

jeftha

mei n&ka.

wera,

thSr mS,n

allfina

thrvch

leith

dwarl-

In vppa thjus burch hfid ik sunt 16nge

THE BOOK OF ADELa'S FOLLOWERS. still

have Maagden,

teach the children and advise the old.

In the begin-

laws have remained.

who

247

Therefore they

ning they were opposed to Eeintja, but

at last she

by them where

followed, obeyed, and praised

it

was

was use-

ful or necessary.

As

soon as Askar heard from Eeintja's messengers

how

the Jutlanders were disposed, he immediately, on his side,

King

sent messengers to the

The ship

of Hals.

in

which

the messengers went was laden with women's ornaments,

and took

also a golden shield

on which Askar' s portrait was

These messengers were to ask

artistically represented.

the King's daughter, Frethogunsta, in marriage for Askar.

Frethogunsta came a year after that to Staveren.

Among

her followers was a Magy, for the Jutlanders had been

long

ago

Soon

corrupted.

after

Askar had married

Frethogunsta, a church was built at Staveren.

In the

church were placed monstrous images, bedecked with goldIt woven dresses. and at unseasonable

times, kneeled to

gunsta; but one thing

was never

rebuilt.

went angrily plain.

that Askar, by night,

also said

is

is

certain, the

them with Frethocitadel of Stavia

Eeintja was already come back, and

to Prontlik the mother, at Texland, to

Prontlik sent out messengers in

who proclaimed

that Askar

Askar took no notice of arrived from Hals.

is

this,

all

gone over

com-

directions,

to

Idolatry.

but unexpectedly a

fleet

In the night the maidens were driven

out of the citadel, and in the morning there was nothing to be seen of the citadel but a

glowing heap of rubbish.

Prontlik and Eeintja came to

me

reflected for

my

upon state.

mio-ht serve us

it,

I

thought that

Therefore, all.

This

we is

for shelter. it

When

I

might prove bad

upon a plan which the way we went to work. hit

In the middle of the Krijlwood, to the east of Liudwerd, lies our place of refuge, which can only be reached by a concealed path.

A

long time ago I had

THET BOK THERA ADELA FOLSTAR.

248

jonga wakar alle ora

staid, thfir alle

wyd kvmen,

sa

tli&t felo

wyva

vr spoka, witte

Askar hSde

markar.

wenth

ene grins an Askar h6de, &nd

Nv

m§,nniska danatli halden.

wyva

S.nd

&k manna

S,nd

uldermankes,

lik

al

al patSrade

tha Dena-

dw6,sliede to sin bata an-

al thissa

wildon wi nv

S.nd th&t

wast bi vs dk

S,k

Bi-ne

to vsa bS,ta dva.

tbjustre nacht brocht ik tha f^mna nSi tbgre burch &nd dS,n4

gongen bia mith hjara f^mna in thrvcb tha dwarl-

pS,da

spokka in wttta kl^thar huled, sa that th^r

nSn m§,nnisk mS,ra kvma ne thvrade.

honda rum hede,

th^t-er thu leja

noma

let-i

Tha Askar mend'e

tha MS,gjara vnder aller-

thrvch ovir sina stata f^ra and buta GrSnegS.

and buta mina

stat ne

wrdon hja

nS,rne navt ne wSrath.

Nei that Askar alsa mith tha Juttar

§,nd tha ora

markar forbondeh was, gvngou hja alsemina rawa vrlandiska sk&ta to honk.

Men

don that jong folk ngn ambacht

D^nathach

;

Hja brochton

that neth nene gode friichda b^red. leja

afternfii

aller-

just thfir thrvch nil-

16ra,

nach vppa tha

fjel-

dum navt ne werka, sa that hi to tha lersta wel sMvona nimma moste. Men thit was 61 al §,jen Wralda his wille and Sjen Fryas bilywa.

s^mine 6ne Thjus

Thervmbe kvstraf navt &fterw6ga ne

red.

kvmen is. Enis hedon hja to wnnen, hju kem fon uta MiddelsS.

Sjan hyr ho straffe

flate

61e flate

was

to iSden

mith purpera kldthar

telikhed, ther alle fon of Phonisja

kemon.

folk there flate wS,rth bisuda there Sejeue thS,t

stora folk wa,rtli halden.

thianja.

Th§,t

§,nd ora kos-

ThS,t

an wal

wraka

set,

men

most ra as slavona

Tha skeneste wrdon halden vmbe vppet land

bilywane §,ud tha

Ifidliksta

to

ind swartste wrdon an bord

halden vmbe vppa tha benka to rojande.

An-t Fly w&rth

men svnder hjara weta w§.rth 4k hjara Fon tha m&nniska ther vppa tha vrland-

tha bodel delath, straf delath.

iska

skepum

MS,u

tochte

stalt thS.t

weron, w6ron sex thrvch bukpiu felth. et

eta

S.;nd

drinka

vrjoveu

w^re,

THE BOOK OF ADELA's FOLLOWERS. established a garrison of

and kept away all other a pitch

among

us,

young men who

own

women, and gnomes, just

brought the Maagden

I

and afterwards they went with

all

like

these follies

When Askar Magyars

to

the citadel,

their serving-maids dressed

in white along the path, so that

let the

to such

advantage, and we wished to do the same.

One dark night

more.

was come

it

Askar had made use of

the Denmarkers.

hated Askar,

all

many women, and even men,

that

talked about ghosts, white

for his

Now

people.

249

nobody dare go there any

thought he had his hands

free,

my

of names, and, except in

away anywhere.

state, they

were not turned

After that Askar had become so con-

nected with the Jutlanders and the Denmarkers, they

went roving together them.

They brought

and just

work

to take slaves

da's wish

ment was

;

This

;

and

in the fields

all

produced no real good to

home,

young men would learn no ;

so at last he

was obliged

but that was altogether contrary to Wr-alFrya's counsel.

to

sure to follow

fleet

fleet

it

sorts of foreign treasures

all

the punishment came.

whole

but

for that reason the

trades, nor

he

travel through his states under all kinds

it.

This

They had

Therefore the punishis

all

the

way

in

which

together taken a

came out of the Mediterranean

that

Sea.

was laden with purple cloths and other valuables

that came from Phoenicia.

The weak people of the

fleet

were put ashore south of the Seine, but the strong people were kept to serve as slaves.

The handsomest were

re-

tained ashore, and the ugly and black were kept on board ship as rowers.

In the Fly the plunder was divided, but,

without their knowing too.

six

it,

they divided the punishment

Of those who were placed died of colic.

It

in

the foreign ships

was thought that the food and T

250

TIIET

th^rvmbe

BOK TH^RA APELA FOLSTAE.

-w&rtli alles ovir

bord jompth.

Men bukpin reste^ god kSm, kem ak

hwer sla,vona jeftha Tha Saxmanna brochten hju ovir hjara marka, mith tha Juttar for hju n6i Skfinland &nd alingen there kS,d fon tha Balda-se, mith Askar his stjurar for

§,nd allerweikes,

bukpin binna.

hju nei Britanja.

Wi

tham fon GrenegS, ne

S.nd

leton

nen god ner minniska ovir vsa pala navt ne kvma, thervmbe bil^won wi fon tha bukpin

Ho

fry.

f6lo

lind

min-

men

niska bukpin weirapth heth, net ik navt to skrywane,

Prontlik th6r et ifternei fon tha ora famna h^rde, heth

my

meld, th&t Askar thusandmel mS.ra frya miinniska ut

sina statum hulpen heth, as er vvla slavona inbrochte. pest far god

landar n^i fon

th§,t

thfire

Eene,

men Askar

nilde

fri

ThS.

wrden Twisk-

mith tha forstum

vvla vr basterde folk navt an ene lyne navt ne

Hi

stonda.

wyken was, tha kemon tha

d^ja, that hja skoldon hjara

nilde navt ne

men hi Emong tha

selva Fryas bern h6ta, lik Eeintja biboden hede, vrjet th^rbi that-i selva swarte hera hede.

Twisklandar weron thSr

Twisklandar h6ton.

twfi.

Th§,t

folkar, thSr hjara selva nene

kem

6ne folk

asten w6i, hja heton hjara selva

el f6r ut-et sud-

AUemanna.

Thissa

noma

hedon hja hjara selva jSven, th^ hja jeta svnder wiva inna tha walda as bannane ommedwarelde.

Letar hS.von

hja fon-et slS,vona folk wiva r&vath, evin sa tha Hlit-

men

hawar, folk,

mira

thlit

selva

nome

hja h4von hjara

Franka,

ommedwarelde,

hSinde

navt

bihalden.

vmbe

hja

that

fry

Th&,t ora

heton

hjara

men

weron,

Frank alsa h^de thene eroste k§,ning heten, tham him selva mith hulpe fon tha vrbruda famna to ervlik k&niiig ovir sin

Tha folkar tham an him

folk mS,kad hSde.

paladon, heton hjara selva Thjoth-his svna, that hja

svna,

hja

nimmer enen k&ning ner thene

k&,nnna

nilde,

as

was

keren

vppa

la

is

folk-

weron Frya m&nniska bilSwen, n^idam

his

jenge

there

forste

nach master

tham

rafina

acht.

by

m§na Askar

bi-

wil-

hede

•

THE BOOK OF ADELA's FOLLOWERS. drink were

but the

poisoned, so

remained

colic

was

it

men

took

brought Baltic

it

it

too.

Wherever the The Saxsen-

The Jutlanders

marches.

it

over

to

Schoonland and along the coasts of the

their

to

We

and therefore we remained were carried

was taken

it

to

and the people of GrenegS, did not allow

either the people or the goods to

that

same.

came

Sea, and with Askar's mariners

Britain.

lik,

thrown overboard,

all

the

all

slaves or the goods came, there

251

come over our boundaries,

from

it.

How many people

by this disease I cannot

off

who heard

free

it

tell

but Pront-

;

afterwards from the maidens, told

Askar had helped out of

me

his states a thousand times

more free-men than he had brought dirty slaves in. When the pest had ceased, the Twisklanders who had become free

came

to the Rhine, but

Askar would not put himself

on an equality with the princes of that

He would

vile

degenerate race.

not suffer them to call themselves Frya's children,

as Reintja

had

offered

them, but he forgot then that he

Among

himself had black hair.

were two tribes who did not

One came from Allemannen.

call

the Twisklanders there

themselves Twisklanders.

the far south-east, and called themselves

They had given themselves

name when

this

women among them, and were wandering as Later on they stole women from the forests.

they had no exiles in

the slave people like the Lithauers, but they kept their

name.

The other

tribe,

neighbourhood, called they were

free,

that wandered about

themselves

Franks,

but the name of their

not

first

in

the

because

king was

Frank, who, by the help of the degenerate maidens, had had himself made hereditary king over his people.

The people nearest his

sons

mained

—

free,

any king, general

that

is,

to

because

or prince, or

consent

in

him

called

themselves

sons of the people.

a

they

never

would

Thioth-

They had

re-

acknowledge

master except those chosen by general

assembly.

Askar

had

THET BOK UntUA ADELA FOLSTAR.

252 al

fon Reiiitja fornommen, that tha Twisklandar forsta

mest

alti in fiandskip

to filra, hja skolde

that-er

ang were

ind faitha weron.

Nw

stald-i

hjam

enen h^rtoga fon sin folk kjasa vmbe seid-er

that

hja

skolde mit manlik

Ak

otherum skoldon twista ovir-et masterskip.

seid-er

kvndon sina forsta mith-a Golum spreka. Thit seid-er -were ^k Moder his m6ne. Tha kfimon tha forsta thera Twislandar to ekkorum §,nd nSi thrija sjugun etmelde k^rou hja Alrik to-ra hertoga ut. Alrik were Askar his nfiva, jef him tw6n hvndred skotse S,nda hvndred thSra storosta Saxmanna mith to lifwSra. Tha forsta moston thrija sjvgun fon hjara svnum nei St4veren senda to horg hjarar

'hi

trow. ovire

To nv was alles nSi winsk gvngen, men tha mi,n Eene fara skolde, nildon thene k&ning thSra Franka

navt vuder Alrikis bifela navt ne stonda. alles

an tha

tys.

Askar th6r m6nde thit

ThSrthrvch

lip

god gvng,

alles

lande mith sina skepa anna tha 6re syde th^re Skelda,

men

ther was

was man long fon sin kvmste

Hja moston

vppa.sin hod.

to Ijucht

alsa ring fljuchta as hja

weron, §,nd Askar wrde selva fath.

&nd

kvmen

Tha Gola niston navt

hwa

hja fensen hede, &nd alsa warth hi S,fternSi utwixlath

fori

§nnen h^ge Gol, th6r Askar his folk mith forath hSde.

Thawila

th&,t-et

alles

berade, hlipon tha M^gjara jeta

dryster as to fara ovir vsa bura ra landa hinna.

Egmvda hwer hja 6ne cherka Stfi.veren

to fS,ra tha

bvwa

den hede.

k§,se vrleren

jeta

burch Forana grfi,ter

stS,n

By

hede, 16ton

§,nd rikar as

Askar

to

Afternei sSidon hja that Askar thju

hede with tha Gola, thrvchdam et folk navt

lawa navt nilde, that Wodin hjam helpa kvste, &nd that hja to

him thervmbe navt anbidda nilde. Forth gvngon hja §.nd sk&ikton jonga bern tham hja by ra hildon S.nd

vpbrochten in tha hemnissa fon hjara vrbruda tbcr mS-nniska

tham

[ITet overige ontbreekt.J

lere.

Weron

THE BOOK OF ADELA's FOLLOWERS.

253

already learned from Eeintja that the Twisklander princes

He

were almost always at war with each other.

proposed

them that they should choose a duke from his people, because, as he said, he was afraid that they would quarrel to

among themselves

for the supremacy.

He

said also that

This, he said,

his princes could speak with the Gauls.

was

also the opinion of the mother.

the Twisklanders

came

after twenty-one days

Alrik was Askar's nephew.

they chose Alrik as duke.

He

and

together,

Then the princes of

gave him two hundred Scotch and one hundred of the

Saksmannen to go with him as a bodyguard. The princes were to send twenty-one of their sons as hostages for their fidelity. Thus far all had gone accordgreatest

ing to his wishes

but when they were to go over the-

;

Rhine, the king of the Franks would not be under Alrik's

command.

Thereupon

thought that

on the other

all

was

all

was confusion.

Askar,

who

going on well, landed with his ships

side of the

Scheldt; but there they were

already aware of his coming, and were on their guard.

He had

to flee as quickly as he

taken prisoner.

had come, and was himself

The Gauls did not know

whom

they had

taken, so he was afterwards exchanged for a noble Gaul

whom

While

Askar's people had taken with them.

all

was going on, the Magyars went about audaciously Near Egmuda, where over the lands of our neighbours.

this

formerly the citadel Forana had stood, they built a church larger

and

Staveren.

richer

They

than that which Askar had built at

said afterwards that Askar

had

lost the

battle against the Gauls, because the people did not believe that

Wodin

could help them, and therefore they would

They went about stealing young children, they kept and brought up in the mysteries of their

not pray to him.

whom

abominable doctrines.

Were

there people

who

[Here the manuscript ends abruptly.]