Universal Precaution 3x6lj

Universal Precautions In the School Setting

What are Universal Precautions? Steps everyone needs to take in order to reduce their risk of infection from: Blood Borne Pathogens (Hepatitis B, Hepatitis C, HIV) Infectious Organisms that cause illness

Exposure occurs through with infected body fluids

These Body Fluids Include: Blood Vomit Saliva Stool (feces) Urine Drainage from nose or sinuses

Drainage from cuts, scrapes, wounds or sores Secretions from mucous membranes Sputum (mucus from lungs) Vaginal secretions Semen

Protect Yourself… Universally, treat every body fluid as if it were infected.

Precaution – Use foresight and plan ahead to avoid exposure

Universal Precaution Steps Gloves (Personal Protective Equipment) Decontamination Hand Washing Waste Disposal

Step 1: Gloves... Always wear gloves when … Direct with body fluids is anticipated (nosebleeds, bleeding abrasions, etc.)

Handling clothes soiled by urine, feces, vomit or blood Diapering children

Step 1 …Gloves… One time use. If gloves not immediately available, use barrier such as paper towels. When removing, peel off hands and roll glove outside in. Discard gloves in lined trash container. Wash hands after removing gloves.

Step 2: Decontamination Area must be cleaned with bleach solution (10:1) custodian for clean-up of blood or body fluid “spills”. Discard gloves and any contaminated materials in a lined trash container. Wash Hands.

Step 3:

Handwashing The MOST IMPORTANT STEP in Preventing the spread of disease!

Use liquid soap and warm water. Wash vigorously for 10 – 15 seconds.

Rinse under warm running water. Turn off faucet with paper towel.

Step 4: Waste Disposal Bag and tie Place in second bag and tie again (double bag technique)

Place all sharps (used needles) in sharps container. Wash hands after removing gloves.

Biosafety Level 1

Standard Microbiological Practices

2.3

Biosafety Level 1

Standard Microbiological Practices Restrict or limit access when working Prohibit eating, drinking and smoking in the laboratory 2.3

Biosafety Level 1 Standard Practices

Wash hands Minimize splashes and aerosols Decontaminate work surfaces daily Decontaminate wastes Protective clothing: Lab coat, Gloves, Goggles

Biosafety Level 1 Microorganisms that are suitable for work involving well characterized agents not known to cause disease in healthy adult humans and of minimal potential hazard to laboratory personnel and the environment. Examples:

1. 2. 3.

Bacillus subtilis Naegleria gruberi E. coli

Decontamination Sterilization Disinfection

Decontamination Definition

Sterilization The use of a physical or chemical procedure to destroy all microbial life, including large numbers of highly resistant bacterial spores.

Disinfection Definition

Disinfection The use of a physical or chemical procedure to virtually eliminate all recognized pathogenic microorganisms but not all microbial forms (bacterial endospores) on inanimate objects.

Decontamination Methods

Heat Chemical Radiation

Decontamination Heat

Types – Moist – steam – Dry – Incineration

This is the most effective method of sterilization

Decontamination Chemical

Types – Liquids, i.e. chlorox, hydrogen peroxide – Gases, i.e. ethylene oxide

Decontamination Chemical

General Lab Use - Hypochlorite Solutions

– Large Spills/Large Organic Load undiluted from bottle

– Small Spills/Virus Inactivation 10% - 1:9

– General Surface Disinfection 1% - 1:99