Underground Cable Fault Detection 711x2y

UNDERGROUND CABLE FAULT DETECTION Submitted by : 201303100620048

Satish

Chauhan

Ashish Patel

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201303100620052 Swapnil Rana

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Tanzil Shaikh Supervised by : Professor Priyanka Patel 201303100620059 Professor Jay Patel Poojan Joshi 201303100620060

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201303100620058

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Contents • • • • • • • •

Project overview Block diagram Power supply Arduino Duemalinove. Advantages Conclusion Future scope Bibliography

Project overview • The project uses the simple concept of OHMs law where a low DC voltage is applied at the feeder end through a series resistor. • The current would vary depending upon the length of fault of the cable in case there is a short circuit of LL or 3L or LG etc. • The series resistor voltage drop changes accordingly which is then fed to anaput of programmed microcontroller would display the same in Kilo meters. • The project is assembled with a set of resistors representing cable length in KMs and fault creation is made by a set of switches at every known KM to cross check the accuracy of the same.

Block diagram

Hardware Requirements •8051 series Microcontroller •LCD •Crystal •ADC •Relays •Relay Driver IC •Transformer •Diodes •Voltage Regulator •Resistors •Capacitors •LEDs •Slide switches

Software Requirements •Keil Compiler •Language: Embedded C or Assembly.

Power supply

• The 230V AC supply is first stepped down to 12V AC using a step down transformer. • This is then converted to DC using bridge rectifier. • The AC ripples is filtered out by using a capacitor and given to the input pin of voltage regulator 7805. • At output pin of this regulator we get a constant 5V DC which is used for MC and other ICs in this project.

ARDUINO • The Arduino microcontroller is an easy to use yet powerful single board computer that has gained considerable traction in the hobby and professional market. •

The Arduino is open-source, which means hardware is reasonably priced and development software is free.

Image of development board

Features of Duemalinove • The Duemalinove board features an Atmel ATmega328 microcontroller operating at 5 V with 2 Kb of RAM, 32 Kb of flash memory for storing programs and 1 Kb of EEPROM for storing parameters. • The clock speed is 16 MHz, which translates to about executing about 300,000 lines of C source code per second

• The Arduino programming language is a simplified version of C/C++. If you know C, programming the Arduino will be familiar. • If you do not know C, no need to worry as only a few commands are needed to perform useful functions.

ADVANTAGES •Less maintainance •It has higher efficiency •Less fault occur in underground cable •Underground cable fault location model are applicable to all types of cable ranging from 1kv to 500kv&other types of cable fault such as Short circuit fault, cable cuts, Resistive fault,Sheath faults, Water trees, Partial discharges. •Improved public safety

CONCLUSION •In this project we detect the exact location of short circuit fault in the underground cable from feeder end in km by using microcontroller8051. •For this we use simple concept of OHM’s law so fault can be easily detected and repaired.

FUTURE SCOPE •In this project we detect only the location of short circuit fault in underground cable line, but we also detect the location of open circuit fault, to detect the open circuit fault capacitor is used in ac circuit which measure the change in impedance & calculate the distance of fault

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BIBLIOGRAPHY • http://www.ijiert.org//papers/1429469524_Volume %202%20Issue4.pdf • https://www.google.co.in/webhp?sourceid=chromeinstant&rlz=1C1CHWA_enIN644IN644&ion=1&espv=2&ie=UTF8#q=underground%20cable%20fault%20distance%20locator • https://www.google.co.in/webhp?sourceid=chromeinstant&rlz=1C1CHWA_enIN644IN644&ion=1&espv=2&ie=UTF8#q=arduino+board • https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Regulated_power_supply