Tenses - Present, Past, Future b3s9

TENSES TYPES OF TENSES HOW TO FORM TENSES? WHEN TO USE TENSES CORRECTLY? WHAT ‘TIME WORD’ TO USE FOR

TYPES OF TENSES Simple Tenses Progressive Tenses Perfect Tenses

Perfect Progressive Tenses

HOW TO FORM TENSES?

PRESENT

sail sails does not + sail do not + sail

PAST

sailed, worked bought, slept cut, put

FUTURE

SIMPLE TENSES

will + sail is + sail are + sail

PROGRESSIVE TENSES

PERFECT TENSES

is + sailing are + sailing am + sailing

has + sailed have + sailed has + slept have + slept

has + been + sailing have + been + sailing

had + sailed had + slept

had + been + sailing

will have + slept

will + have + sleeping

was + sailing were + sailing

will + be + sailing

PERFECT PROGRESSIVE TENSES

EXPLANATION

1. He works at the factory. 2. Does he work at the factory? 3. They attend the seminar every week.

• Describe facts. • Describe habitual actions.

PAST

EXAMPLES

1. He worked at the factory. 2. Did he work at the factory? 3. They attended the seminar every week.

• Describe actions happened at a time in the past. • It began & ended in the past.

FUTURE

PRESENT

SIMPLE TENSES: WHEN TO USE TENSES CORRECTLY?

1. He will work at the factory. 2. Will he work at the factory? 3. They will attend the seminar every week.

• Describe actions that will take place at a time in the future.

TASK 1: FILL IN THE BLANKS WITH CORRECT SIMPLE TENSES. 1. Every Friday, we ______ (go) to the mosque for Friday prayer. 2. “______ you ______ (read) newspaper everyday?” 3. They ______ (not, attend) the talk by the Dean earlier this morning. 4. She ______ (fly) to Scotland next month. 5. The classroom ______(accommodate) 36 students. 6. Freedom to possess guns ______ (cause) the rise of gun shooting incidents in American schools. 7. “Where ______ Shila ______ (live) before she moved to Ipoh?” 8. The minister ______ (launch) the book in a few days time. 9. “Why ______ the lady ______ (say) the word listen 11 times? 10. As soon as the new semester ______ (begin), I’ll buy a new phone.

TASK 2: REWRITE EACH SENTENCE WITH THE PRONOUNS/NOUNS SHOWN. 1. I rarely find a good book in our library. You ________________________________. She ________________________________.

2. He goes home early. We ________________________________. A group of students ________________________________.

3. The newly-wed couple flies for Italy. They ________________________________. Gary and Brenda ________________________________.

TASK 3: REWRITE THE SENTENCES BELOW INTO SIMPLE PAST TENSE 1. I don’t understand the way the lecturer behaves. 2. Rashid helps his friends. 3. Someone steals my wallet.

4. Does Ravi live here?

TASK 4: REWRITE THE SENTENCES BELOW INTO ITS NEGATIVE FORM. 1. I have time for you.

2. Our children were at home.

3. The girls from our class win the dancing competition.

4. The poor mother has enough money to buy food.

5. Salman will fly to Korea in summer.

TASK 5: CHANGE THE SENTENCES BELOW INTO QUESTIONS. 1. The breakfast is delicious.

2. The undertaker made the funeral ceremony looks memorable.

3. He will the army next year.

4. We rented the house because the price is reasonable.

5. My youngest sister knows how to drive a manual car.

TASK 6: FILL IN THE BLANKS WITH THE SIMPLE TENSES. 1. Give a) He always ______ his wife a bouquet of flowers on her birthday. b) My teacher ______ us a test last Monday. c) Mr Jones ______ us a test next week. 2. Buy a) As soon as the new semester begins, I ______ a motorcycle. b) She ______ a toaster for her friend’s wedding last week. c) He often ______ bread for his old neighbour.

PROGRESSIVE TENSES:

WHEN TO USE TENSES CORRECTLY?

FUTURE

PAST

PRESENT

EXAMPLES 1. He is working at the factory. 2. Is he working at the factory? 3. They are attending the seminar now.

1. He was working at the factory. 2. Was he working at the factory? 3. They were attending the seminar when the accident happened.

1. He will be working at the factory. 2. Will he be working at the factory when we arrive? 3. They will be attending the seminar when you arrive.

EXPLANATION • Describe action that is in progress at the present time.

• Describe action that was in progress at a particular time in the past. • Usually include ‘extra information’. • Describe an action which was in progress a time in the past. • Describe action that will be in progress at a particular time in the future • Describe an action which was in progress a time in the future.

TASK 1: FILL IN THE BLANKS WITH CORRECT PROGRESSIVE TENSES. 1.

At the moment, they ______ (work) hard to the exam.

2.

She ______ (talk) to a group of children when I arrived.

3.

She is in her class now. She ______ (study) Ship Materials.

4.

Yesterday, my parents ______ (watch) the television at home while we______ (go) out for a movie.

5.

Nora ______ (do) her homework when her mother returns from work in the evening.

6.

______ Ikmal ______ (listen) to the radio when I called? He didn’t answer my call.

7.

______ you ______ (play) football this evening?

8.

The debaters ______ (argue) competitively so that they can win the tournament.

9.

______ they ______ (bully) the girl? It looks like the girl needs some help.

10. Psy ______ (perform) on stage when more fans arrived from every parts of Penang.

COMPARISON BETWEEN SIMPLE PRESENT TENSE AND PRESENT PROGRESSIVE TENSE • ‘Time word’ Simple Present Tense always, often, regularly, usually, occasionally, once a month, every day, annually, etc…

Present Progressive Tense now, at the moment, at present, currently, presently

• Examples Simple Present Tense

Present Progressive Tense

We play futsal every Friday.

We are playing futsal now.

Faisal works as a teacher.

At the moment, Faisal is teaching in the class.

He is unemployed.

He is currently looking for a job.

TASK 2: FILL IN THE BLANKS WITH VERBS IN THE SIMPLE PRESENT TENSE OR PRESENT PROGRESSIVE TENSE 1. Alvin ______ (go) to the park with his friends every Sunday. 2. Now, he ______ (play) with his friends in the park. 3. “Yes, you can have it. I ______ (not, use) the book at the moment,” said the lecturer. 4. What ______ Johan ______ (do) now? 5. It often ______ (rain) in Taiping. 6. She ______ still ______ (study) to be an engineer. 7. Do not disturb me. I ______ (study) for my exam.

8. Mr Gopal usually ______ (mow) the lawn once a week. 9. My relatives regularly ______ (stay) at my house when they visit Penang. 10. My relatives ______ (stay) at my house at the moment.

COMPARISON BETWEEN SIMPLE PAST TENSE AND PAST PROGRESSIVE TENSE • In describing a story, writers often use the past progressive tense to refer to a background scene and the simple past tense to refer to main actions. • Examples Simple Past Tense

Past Progressive Tense

Suddenly, Johnny came round the I was standing under a tree. It was corner and walked right up to me. getting late and I was feeling anxious. I “Sorry I’m late,” he apologized. was waiting for my friend, Johnny.

TASK 3: FILL IN THE BLANKS WITH VERBS IN THE SIMPLE PAST TENSE OR PAST PROGRESSIVE TENSE 1. She ______(cut) herself as she ______(slice) some potatoes.

2. While Ahmad ______(dig) for some worms behind his house, he ______ (find) a treasure map.

3. At 8am yesterday, Dato’ Sri Najib ______(be) in Sabak Bernam. He ______(give) a speech on BR1M at 9am.

4. Police ______ (shoot) dead all of the notorious gang when they ______(escape) from the ambush.

5. We ______(not, bathe) for two days because there ______(be) no water.

PERFECT TENSES:

WHEN TO USE TENSES CORRECTLY?

• The exact time is NOT IMPORTANT. • To show actions that ended a short time ago. • To show action that has happened in the past & still continue in the present time. • Describe action that had completely finished before another action in the past. • The action of ‘attending’ had completely finished before we ‘arrived’.

PAST

1. He have worked at the factory. 2. Have he worked at the factory? 3. They have attended the seminar for 2 hours.

EXPLANATION

1. He had worked at the factory. 2. Had he worked at the factory? 3. They had attended the seminar when we arrived.

FUTURE

PRESENT

EXAMPLES

1. He will have worked at the • Describe actions that will be factory. completely finished before another 2. Will he have worked at the time in the future. factory? • The action of ‘attending’ will 3. They will have attended the complete before their friends arrive. seminar when their friends arrive.

TASK 1: COMPLETE THE TABLE BELOW Root word catch do eat fight make

pay steal see swim take understand write hide

Past tense

Past participle

TASK 2: REWRITE THE SENTENCES IN THE PRESENT PERFECT TENSE. 1. Ms. Fadlina takes her daughter home. Ms Fadlina has taken her daughter home. 2. We ride on a bus. ___________________________________ .

3. Do you make cookies? ___________________________________ . 4. The students submit their assignment on time. ___________________________________ .

COMPARISON BETWEEN SIMPLE PAST TENSE AND PRESENT PERFECT TENSE Simple Past Tense

Present Perfect Tense

She wrote three reports last night. (the time is clearly stated)

She has written three reports. (time is not stated)

Our Dean managed MIMET for two years. (the dean does not manage MIMET anymore)

Our Dean has managed MIMET for two years. (the dean still manages MIMET)

They read two story books last week. (last week is already over)

They have read story books this week. (this week is not over yet)

TASK 3: FILL IN THE BLANKS WITH THE SIMPLE PAST TENSE OR THE PRESENT PERFECT TENSE 1.

I ______ (meet) Susan in 1990. she ______ (be) my best friend ever since.

2.

She ______ (never, meet) her father. He ______ (die) in an accident when she was very young.

3.

Although he ______ (get) up a few hours ago, he ______ (not, make)his bed yet.

4.

Last month, we ______ (go) to the museum four times.

5.

They ______ (not, see) land for days since they ______ (leave) the island.

TASK 4: CHANGE THE FOLLOWING SENTENCES TO THE NEGATIVE AND QUESTION FORMS Positive 1. He had sprained his ankle. 2. The officials had postponed the match.

3.We have done our chores. 4. He has gone to Karabi Island.

Negative

Question

TASK 5: REARRANGE THE FOLLOWING WORDS OR PHRASE TO MAKE CORRECT SENTENCES. PUT A COMMA WHERE NECESSARY 1. had closed / The bank / by the time / I / there / reached.

2. washed / She / had watered / after / the plants / her car / she.

3. Ali’s wife / he / had / eaten / home / already / when /came / from work.

4. yesterday / had / gone out / already / but / phoned / I / me / Jasmin.

5. the medicine / Kim / the doctor / took / which / had prescribed

TASK 6: FILL IN THE BLANKS WITH THE SIMPLE PAST TENSE OR THE PAST PERFECT TENSE 1. Yesterday, I ______ (buy) some durians.

2. I ______ (eat) the cake which I myself ______ (bake).

3. Rashidah ______ (win) a match in a lucky draw three days ago.

4. Josephine ______ (be) in trouble. She ______ (forgot) to bring her history textbook.

5. He ______ (drink) the tea. Then he ______ (eat) the toast.

TASK 7: COMPLETE THE SENTENCES BELOW USING VERBS IN THE SIMPLE PAST OR PAST PERFECT TENSE 1. Before they had time to answer to answer the questions, ___________________________ .

2. ___________________________ by the time he arrived.

3. After she had baked the cake, ___________________________ .

4. The ship had left the port when ___________________________ .

5. She fainted after ___________________________ .

TASK 8: REWRITE THE SIMPLE PRESENT TENSE SENTENCES IN THE OTHER FIVE TENSES 1. Aidil - buy - a new phone. Simple present: Aidil buys a new phone every time Apple launches its latest product. Simple past: Aidil bought a new phone last weekend. Present perfect: Aidil has bought a new phone. Past perfect: Aidil had bought a new phone as soon as he received MARA loan. Simple future: Aidil will buy a new phone next month. Future perfect: Aidil will have bought a new phone once he receives his MARA loan.

TASK 8: REWRITE THE SIMPLE PRESENT TENSE SENTENCES IN THE OTHER FIVE TENSES 2. The cadet - sail - past the seven oceans. 3. We – conduct – group work. 4. A group of candidates – visit – our neighbourhood. 5. of the Diners Club – enjoy – discounts – at selected restaurants. Simple present: Simple past: Present perfect: Past perfect: Simple future: Future perfect:

-THE END-

-Questions anyone?-