Specialized Credit Institution-international 2e51s

PRESENTED BY: RAMEZ FAROOQ JAFAR RAZA MUHAMMAD NOAMAN

Presented to: Sir Bilal Khan

INTERNATIONAL FINANCIAL INSTITUTIONS: International financial institutions (IFIs) are financial institutions that have been established by more than one country, and hence are subjects of international laws. Their owners or shareholders are generally national governments, although other international institutions and other organizations occasionally figure as shareholders. The most prominent IFIs are creations of multiple nations, although some bilateral financial institutions exist and are technically IFIs. Many of these are multilateral development banks (MDB).

CREDIT INSTITUTIONS International Monetary Funds (IMF) International Bank for Reconstruction and

Development (IBRD) International Finance Corporation (IFC)  International Development Association (IDA) Multilateral Investment Guarantee Agency (MIGA) Islamic Development Bank (IDB) Asian Development Bank (ADB)

INTERNATIONAL FINANCIAL INSTITUTIONS: Their common goal……. to reduce global poverty and improve people's

living conditions and standards; to sustainable economic, social and institutional development; and to promote regional cooperation and integration.

INTERNATIONAL MONETARY FUND (IMF): The International Monetary Fund was created in 1944, with a goal to stabilize exchange rates and supervise the reconstruction of the world’s international payment system. 1.Promote international monetary cooperation. 2.Shorten the duration and lessen the degree of disequilibrium in the international balances of payments of . 3.Facilitate the expansion and balanced growth of international trade. 4.Promote Exchange stability and maintain orderly exchange arrangements among . 5.Assist in establishing a multilateral system of payments.

The IMF provides financial assistance to to help them to correct balance of payments problems in a manner that promotes sustained growth.

INTERNATIONAL MONETARY FUND (IMF) Functions 1.It works to foster global growth. 2.Economic stability by providing policy, advice and financing to . 3.Working with developing nations to help them achieve macroeconomic stability. 4.By reducing poverty.

Board of Governers 24 Executive Directors make up Executive Board. The Executive Directors represent all 188 member countries

ROLE OF INTERNATIONAL MONETARY FUND:

INTERNATIONAL BANK FOR RECONSTRUCTION AND DEVELOPMET (IBRD): 1. The International Bank for Reconstruction and 2. 3.

4. 5.

6.

Development was established in 1945. It had 187 . The IBRD is an international organization whose original mission was to finance the reconstruction of nations devastated by World War II. Now, its mission has expanded to fight poverty by means of financing states. In 2011, it raised $29 billion USD in capital from bond issues made in 26 different currencies. Lending commitments of $26.7 billion made to 132 projects in 2011.

INTERNATIONAL BANK FOR RECONSTRUCTION AND DEVELOPMET (IBRD): Functions It works to foster global growth and economic stability •by providing policy, advice and financing to . •,by working with developing nations to help them achieve macroeconomic stability. •by reducing poverty. Board of Governors 24 Executive Directors make up Executive Board. The Executive Directors represent all 188 member countries

INTERNATIONAL FINANCE CORPORATION (IFC): 1. The International Finance Corporation

was established in 1956. 2. Its authorized capital amounts to U.S $2.15 billion since June 1999. 3. It promotes sustainable private sector investment in developing countries as a way to reduce poverty and improve people's lives. 4. The hip in IFC is open to all member-countries of the World Bank

INTERNATIONAL FINANCE CORPORATION (IFC): Purpose is fulfilled by: • Investing in productive private enterprise in association with private investors, and without Government guarantees of repayment, in cases where sufficient private capital is not available on reasonable ; • Serving as a Clearing House to bring together investment opportunities, private capital and experienced management; • Helping to stimulate the productive investment of private capital, both domestic and foreign by helping in development of local markets.

INTERNATIONAL FINANCE CORPORATION (IFC): istration and Management: • All power of the IFC is vested in the Board of Governors and Alternate-Governors of the World Bank who represent countries which are also of IFC. • The Board of Directors, composed of the Executive Directors of the World Bank who represent countries which are also of IFC, supervises the conduct of the general operations of IFC. • The President of the World Bank serves as exoffice Chairman of the Board of Directors of IFC. He is appointed by the Board.

INTERNATIONAL DEVELOPMENT ASSOCIATION (IDA): 1. The International Development Association

was established in 1960. 2. 165 is the part of the World Bank that helps the world’s poorest countries. 3. IDA is responsible for providing long-term, interest-free loans to the world's 80 poorest countries, 39 of which are in Africa.

INTERNATIONAL DEVELOPMENT ASSOCIATION (IDA): The Articles of Agreement lay down the aims as under: •to promote economic development; •to increase productivity, and thus raise the

standards of living in the less developed areas of the world.

INTERNATIONAL DEVELOPMENT ASSOCIATION (IDA): The hip, confined to the member-countries of the World Bank, has been divided into two groups: Group (1) consists of those countries which are more advanced economically. countries are the main contributors for IDA purposes Group (2) consists of less developed countries. countries are eligible to receive IDA credits.

MULTILATERAL INVESTMENT AND GUARENTEE AGENCY (MIGA): 1.

2. 3.

The Multilateral Investment Guarantee Agency was established in 1998. It had168 of July 2010. It has an elected Board of Directors which comprises of 12 .

MULTILATERAL INVESTMENT AND GUARENTEE AGENCY (MIGA): MIGA works for achieving this objective : 1.restrictions on currency conversion and

transfers,

2.legislative or istration action, 3.repudiation of contract with investors in

cases where the investor has no access to competent forum, and 4.armed conflict and civil commotion or unrest.

Islamic Development Bank 1. The Islamic Development Bank (IDB) is

2. 3. 4. 5.

6.

a multilateral development financing institution located in Jeddah, Saudi Arabia. Began its activities on 20 October 1975. There are 56 shareholding member states Mohammed bin Faisal is the former president of the IDB. On the 22 May 2013, IDB tripled its authorized capital to $150 billion to better serve Muslims in member and non-member countries. Saudi Arabia holds about one quarter of the bank's paid up capital.

Islamic Development Bank hip The present hip of the Bank consists of 56 countries. Ranked on the basis of paid-up capital (as of November 2011), major shareholders include: 1. Saudi Arabia (23.61%) 2. Libya (9.47%) 3. Iran (8.28%) 4. Nigeria (7.69%) 5. United Arab Emirates (7.54%) 6. Qatar (7.21%) 7. Egypt (7.1%) 8. Turkey (6.48%) 9. Kuwait (5.48%)

Islamic Development Bank Projects and programs Completed Khanarc Canal in northeast Azerbaijan: The Gao Bridge in Mali: Ongoing Modernising road planning and deg in Yemen: Scholarship Programs:

ASIAN DEVELOPMENT BANK (ADB): 1. Regional development bank established on

22 August 1966. 2. Headquartered in Metro Manila, Philippines. 3. From 31 at its establishment, ADB now has 67 , of which 48 are from within Asia and the Pacific and 19 outside. 4. At the end of 2013, Japan holds the largest proportion of shares at 15.67%. The United States holds 15.56%, China holds 6.47%, India holds 6.36%, and Australia holds 5.81%. ITS STATED GOALS: 1- Promoting economic growth 2.Reducing poverty 3.Developing human resources 4.Improving the status of women 5.Protecting the environment

ASIAN DEVELOPMENT BANK (ADB):

ADB has 67 (as of 2 February 2007): 48 from the Asian and Pacific Region, 19 from Other Regions. Notable non- are Bahrain, Iran, Iraq, Jordan, Kuwait, Lebanon, North Korea, Oman, Qatar, Saudi Arabia, the United Arab Emirates, and Yemen. Names are as recognized by ADB.

ASIAN DEVELOPMENT BANK (ADB):

Name

Dates

Nationality

Takeshi Watanabe

1966–1972

Japan

Shiro Inoue

1972–1976

Japan

Taroichi Yoshida

1976–1981

Japan

Masao Fujioka

1981–1989

Japan

Kimimasa Tarumizu

1989–1993

Japan

Mitsuo Sato

1993–1999

Japan

Tadao Chino

1999–2005

Japan

Haruhiko Kuroda

2005–2013

Japan

Takehiko Nakao

2013–

Japan

ROLE OF ASIAN DEVELOPMENT BANK: 1- Provides loans and equity investments to its developing member countries 2- Provides technical assistance for the planning and execution of development projects and programs and for advisory services 3-Promotes and facilitates investment of public and private capital for development 4-Assists in coordinating development policies and plans of its DMCs