Physics Project - Electromagnetic Coil Gun 6x1c1w

PHYSICS PROJECT – ELECTROMAGNETIC COIL GUN SUBMITTED BY : ANSH BHARADWAJ JALAJ DIXIT SIR CLASS : XII – A PRACTICAL TEACHER) ROLL NUMBER : 6

SUBMITTED TO : (PHYSICS

CERTIFICATE This is to certify that ANSH BHARADWAJ, a student of class XII-A has successfully completed the physics project work on the topic “COIL GUN ” under the guidance of MR. JALAJ DIXIT ( physics practical Teacher ) during the year 2016-17 in partial fulfillment of physics practical examination conducted by AISSCE, New Delhi.

Signature of external examiner teacher

Signature of physics

INDEX 1

CERTIFICATE OF EXCELLENCE

2

ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

3

INTRODUCTION

4

THEORY

5

PROCEDURE FOLLOWED

6

OBSERVATION

7

CONCLUSION

8. BIBLIOGRAPHY

ACKNOWLEDGEMEN T Primarily I would thank god for being able to complete this project with success. Then I would like to thank my principal FATHER GEORGE V.J. and physics teacher Mr. JALAJ DIXIT whose valuable guidance has been the ones that helped me patch this project and make it full proof success his suggestions and his instructions has served as the major contributor towards the completion of the project. Then I would like to thank my parents and friends who have helped me with their valuable suggestions and guidance has been helpful in various phases of the completion of the project.

Last but not the least I would like to thank my classmates who have helped me a lot.

INTRODUCTION A Coilgun or Gauss rifle is a type of projectile accelerator consisting of one or more coils used as electromagnets in the configuration of a linear motor that accelerate a ferromagnetic or conducting projectile to high velocity. In almost all coilgun configurations, the coils and the gun barrel are arranged on a common axis. It is not a rifle as the barrel is not rifled. The name "Gauss" is in reference to Carl Friedrich Gauss, who formulated mathematical descriptions of the magnetic effect used by magnetic accelerators. Coilguns generally consist of one or more coils arranged along a barrel, so the path of the accelerating projectile lies along the central axis of the coils. The coils are switched on and off in a precisely timed sequence, causing the projectile to be accelerated quickly along the barrel via magnetic forces. Some simple coilguns concepts can use ferromagnetic projectiles or even permanent magnet projectiles, most designs for high velocities actually incorporate a coupled coil as part of the projectile.

THEORY A coilgun is a series of coils that are successively energized as a conductive projectile made from magnetic material es by them.

Each stage acts on similar principles to those of a solenoid. Current loops induce magnetic flux through their center:

As the conductive projectile approaches the air-core current loops, two things happen: the loop inductance increases and the projectile becomes magnetized. The magnetized projectile is then attracted to the loop magnetic field, accelerating towards it. As it approaches, inductance increases, completing a positive loop such

that the pull on the projectile and magnetic field created by the loops increase.

This process reaches a peak when the projectile is completely enclosed by the coil, where further travel decreases the loop's inductance. At this point, current through the loop is abruptly turned off so the projectile won't be slowed down by its continued attraction to the coil's magnetic field.

These are the basic physics principles by which a coil gun operates, which appears to be what you are interested in. There are many practical implementations.

PROCEDURE Step 1 – Preparing the coils Coils for the Coil Gun Take the PVC pipe and cut it , to get a length of 30-40cm. After that, take the insulation tape and wrap around the pipe from a distance of 1-2 inches from its end. Wrap the insulation tape above the pipe in succession until it reaches a thickness of 4-5 mm. Next do the same thing from a distance of 3-4 cm from the first wrapping.Now take the copper wire and after leaving some slack on the beginning, start wrapping around the pipe, the wrappings are to be tight and close to each other with no gaps between them. After wrapping the first layer, cover it with insulation tape, then start wrapping on top of it for the second layer. The copper wires should be wrapped side to side in the same direction , either clockwise/anti clockwise. Repeat the process for 6-7 layers. For multiple coils, a spacing of 3 cm is required from the first coil . After preparing the coil, using sand paper sand the ends of the coil to remove the coating , to make them conducting. STEP 2 -

CONNECTING COILS

Connect the coils in parallel connections.

Step 3-Projectiles and testing of coil gun Projectiles for the Coil Gun Here, any ferro-magnetic material based object can be used as a projectile, usually nails and bolts. I have found using bolts to be the most effective, due to the greater surface area at their heads.The acceleration and distance travelled by the projectile depends on the projectile you choose, usually bolts of lengths at least equal to that of the coil are used