Nicotine 183o73

An Inside Look - Nicotine Featuring: Will Mallonee and Colin Girkout

Our Biggest Irritations Will Mallonee

Colin Girkout

• • •

When people spell his name with two Ls When people mistake Colin, a NOT SO UNCOMMON NAME with Colon, the large intestine The statement “you are tall!” He knows he’s tall, please… If you would like to talk to him, small talk is not necessary.

Effects on synaptic transmission

• • •

Causes more action potentials in the presynaptic neuron The postsynaptic neuron firing rate is 3.5 times faster with someone on nicotine than it normally is. Causes more dopamine to be released in each vesicle

How nicotine works • • •

The nicotine molecule is shaped like a neurotransmitter called acetylcholine, which means it can access its receptors This neurotransmitter controls many things including muscle movement, breathing, heart rate, learning,memory, and mood. When nicotine enters the body, it binds to acetylcholine receptors and imitates its functions.

Effects on mood and mental state • • • • • • •

Nicotine taps into and releases all of the neurotransmitters and hormones that acetylcholine controls, providing a range of effects on the smoker. Acetylcholine enhances concentration and memory. Norepinephrine increases alertness and arousal Beta-endorphin reduces pain and anxiety. Dopamine increases pleasure. Nicotine constricts blood flow to muscles, giving the smoker a relaxed feel. At low doses, nicotine enhances dopamine and pleasure, but at higher doses, it calms and reduces pain

Nicotine and the Human Body •

• • • •

Releases Adrenaline, increasing blood pressure and heart rate = o Activation of body’s “Fight or Flight” response. Blocks the release of the hormone Insulin which tells the cells to take excess Glucose from the bloodstream. o Hyperglycemic (High blood sugar) Damages cilia leading to the lungs, preventing them from removing germs and crud in the lungs, Affects the production of white blood cells, increasing susceptibility to infection. Exposes gums to bacteria. Yellows teeth. Stinky mouth. o Orbit >Marlboro

Side Effects - With Usage • • • • • • • • • • • • •

Major Indigestion Heartburn Coughing Throat Irritation Belching Various Stomach Pains Increase in heart rate and blood pressure Rapid Heart Beat Quick Shallow Breathing Problems With Hearing or Vision Dizziness Confusion Slows down your urine flow. Everytime urine flows out, it can leave you

Man experiencing all those symptoms at once.

Side Effects - Long Term •

• • • •

Increases risk of: o Heart Attack o Stroke o Heart Disease o Aneurysms Can have the same side effects as Diabetes because of lack of Insulin. Can cause cancer. (Enough Nicotine causes irreparable mutations of cells leading to tumors). Ulcers Male Impotence

Nicotine Kills.

FDA - Side Effects of Nicotine - October 28, 2013 12,000 People sampled Side Effect

Number of Reports

Nausea

1,991

Redness of Skin

1,652

Itching

1,518

Dizziness

1,149

Drug Ineffective

1,088

Nicotine Dependence

1,082

Headache

1,026

Chest Pain

808

Irritation

727

General Discomfort

693

The Recent study was conducted to find the latest outcomes of Nicotine.

Since it is used to quit smoking, for stress and anxiety, through addiction, and widely used for recreational purposes, the FDA wanted to find the new effects of the substance. After the study, scientists were able to infer that Nausea is the leading side effect, common amongst Nicotine s. Nausea is an effect common to diabetics, ex-smokers, people with high blood pressure, and depression.

Fun Facts Peppers, eggplants and tomatoes contain small amounts of nicotine.

Nicotine can kill insects in 50 percent of all gardens. From the time the smoke is inhaled, it only takes 7 seconds for the nicotine to reach the brain It takes 72 hours for the physical need for Nicotine to leave. After that..It’s all psychological.

Bibliography • • • • • •

Articles of interest - the brain. (n.d.). Retrieved from http://www.counselingwashington.com/ardisplay.aspx?ID=62&SecID=131 Fleury, M. (2011, April 21). [Web log message]. Retrieved from http://theneuronetwork.com/profiles/blogs/the-effects-of-drugs-on from fda reports: side effects of nicotine for a male patient aged 56. (2013, Oct 28). Retrieved from http://www.ehealthme.com/drug_interactions_side_effects/Nicotine-2692657 Muzzy, D. (2006). The effects of drugs and disease on synaptic transmission. Retrieved from http://outreach.mcb.harvard.edu/animations/synapse.swf Nicotine effects. (n.d.). Retrieved from http://www.newsmedical.net/health/Nicotine-Effects.aspx Wolters Kluwer. (n.d.). Retrieved from http://www.drugs.com/sfx/nicotine-sideeffects.html