Example Alarm Philosophy 1y2061
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UReason International B.V. Pompoenweg 9, 2321DK Leiden, The Netherlands DOCUMENT NUMBER Date: 16-Sep-2011 Revision: 1.0
Distribution: <<>>,<<>>,<<>>
ALARM PHILOSOPHY
Page: 1 of 42
UReason International B.V. Pompoenweg 9, 2321DK Leiden, The Netherlands
DOCUMENT NUMBER Date: 16-Sep-2011 Revision: 1.0
CONTENTS Approval.............................................................................................................................................................................. 5 1 Introduction ................................................................................................................................................................ 6 1.1 Background........................................................................................................................................................... 6 2 Purpose and Use of the Alarm Philosophy ................................................................................................................. 7 2.1 Alarm Management Lifecycle............................................................................................................................... 7 2.2 Relation to HAZOP Studies & LOPA Reviews ...................................................................................................... 10 2.3 Roles and responsibilities ................................................................................................................................... 11 3 Terminology & References ....................................................................................................................................... 12 3.1 Definitions .......................................................................................................................................................... 12 3.2 Acronyms............................................................................................................................................................ 16 3.3 References.......................................................................................................................................................... 17 3.3.1 Industry Standards and Codes .................................................................................................................. 17 3.3.2 Company Standards and Practices............................................................................................................ 17 3.3.3 Other Documents & References ............................................................................................................... 17 4 Alarm Identification .................................................................................................................................................. 18 4.1 Alarm Identification Methods ............................................................................................................................ 18 4.2 Alarm Identification and Alarm MOC Process .................................................................................................... 19 5 Alarm Documentation and Rationalization .............................................................................................................. 20 5.1 Alarm Rationalization Methodology................................................................................................................... 20 5.2 Alarm Priority Determination and Assignment .................................................................................................. 21 5.3 Maximum Time for Response and Correction.................................................................................................... 22 5.4 Alarm Limit Setting ............................................................................................................................................. 22 5.5 Alarm Documentation ........................................................................................................................................ 23 5.6 Alarm Classification ............................................................................................................................................ 24 6 Alarm Design Principles ............................................................................................................................................ 25 6.1 Alarms that Prevent Harm to Personnel and Environment................................................................................ 25 6.1.1 Flammable and Toxic Gas Detector Alarms .............................................................................................. 25 6.1.2 Safety Shower and Eyebath Activation alarms ......................................................................................... 25 6.2 Alarms for Redundant Sensors and Voting Systems .......................................................................................... 25 6.3 Process Optimization Alarms.............................................................................................................................. 25 6.4 Building Related Alarms ..................................................................................................................................... 26 6.5 Instrument Diagnostic Alarms ............................................................................................................................ 26 6.6 External Device Health and Status Alarms ......................................................................................................... 26 6.7 ESD Systems ....................................................................................................................................................... 26 6.8 Maintenance Override Switches - MOS (ESD Byes)..................................................................................... 26 6.9 Duplicate Alarms ................................................................................................................................................ 26 6.10 Consequential Alarms.................................................................................................................................... 26 6.11 Deviation Alarms ........................................................................................................................................... 27 6.12 Pre-Alarms and Trip (Cut-Out) Alarms........................................................................................................... 27 6.13 Alarm Handling for Programs ........................................................................................................................ 27 6.14 Alarms to Initiate Manual Tasks .................................................................................................................... 27 6.15 Control System Diagnostic Alarms................................................................................................................. 27 6.16 Point, Interlock and Program References to Alarms ..................................................................................... 27 6.17 Common Alarms ............................................................................................................................................ 27 7 Alarm Human Machine Interface ............................................................................................................................. 28 7.1 Role of the Operator .......................................................................................................................................... 28 7.2 Responsibilities Related to and in Response to Alarms...................................................................................... 29 7.3 Considerations for alarms routed to multiple operators / locations ................................................................. 29 7.4 Alarm Summary Display Characteristics and Usage ........................................................................................... 29
Page: 2 of 42
UReason International B.V. Pompoenweg 9, 2321DK Leiden, The Netherlands
DOCUMENT NUMBER Date: 16-Sep-2011 Revision: 1.0
7.5 Proper Alarm Indication on Graphics ................................................................................................................. 29 7.6 Annunciated Alarm Priority ................................................................................................................................ 30 7.7 Navigation and Alarm Response......................................................................................................................... 30 7.8 Use of External Annunciators ............................................................................................................................. 30 7.9 Use of Hardwired Switches ................................................................................................................................ 30 8 Alarm System Implementation, Operation and Maintenance.................................................................................. 31 8.1 Alarm Commissioning & Testing practices ......................................................................................................... 31 8.2 Alarm Checkout practices................................................................................................................................... 31 8.3 Alarm Initial Testing............................................................................................................................................ 31 8.4 Alarm Periodic Testing........................................................................................................................................ 31 8.5 Transfer of alarms to a non-functional Maintenance state ............................................................................... 31 8.6 Alarm Shelving.................................................................................................................................................... 31 8.7 Alarm Suppression.............................................................................................................................................. 32 8.8 Alarm System Problem Detection and Resolution ............................................................................................. 32 8.9 Nuisance Alarm Handling and Resolution Work Practices ................................................................................. 32 8.10 Alarm System Initial Training......................................................................................................................... 32 8.11 Alarm System Refresher Training .................................................................................................................. 32 9 Alarm System Performance Monitoring, Assessment, and Audits ........................................................................... 33 9.1 Key Alarm Performance Indicators..................................................................................................................... 33 9.2 Alarm performance Assessment & Audits.......................................................................................................... 33 9.3 Alarm History Preservation ................................................................................................................................ 33 10 Advanced Alarm Handling .................................................................................................................................. 34 10.1 Advanced Alarm Handling Techniques .......................................................................................................... 34 10.2 When to Consider Advanced Alarm Handling Techniques ............................................................................ 35 10.3 Implementing Advanced Alarm Handling...................................................................................................... 36 11 Alarm System Management of Change.............................................................................................................. 37 11.1 Alarm Changes that Require an MOC Process............................................................................................... 37 11.2 The Alarm MOC Process ................................................................................................................................ 38 11.2.1 Requested Changes................................................................................................................................... 38 11.2.2 Unrequested Changes............................................................................................................................... 39 11.2.3 Change Authorization Rules...................................................................................................................... 39 11.2.4 Change History Preservation .................................................................................................................... 39 12 Control System Specific ...................................................................................................................................... 40 12.1 <
>....................................................................................................................................................... 40 12.1.1 Alarm priorities ......................................................................................................................................... 40 12.1.2 Annunciation of Alarms ............................................................................................................................ 40 12.1.3 Presentation of Alarms ............................................................................................................................. 40 12.1.4 Alarm and Event Logging .......................................................................................................................... 40 12.1.5 Access to Alarm Configurations ................................................................................................................ 40 12.1.6 Specials ..................................................................................................................................................... 41 12.2 <<SCADA1>> .................................................................................................................................................. 41 12.2.1 Alarm priorities ......................................................................................................................................... 41 12.2.2 Annunciation of Alarms ............................................................................................................................ 41 12.2.3 Presentation of Alarms ............................................................................................................................. 41 12.2.4 Alarm and Event Logging .......................................................................................................................... 41 12.2.5 Access to Alarm Configurations ................................................................................................................ 41 12.2.6 Specials ..................................................................................................................................................... 41 13 Appendices ......................................................................................................................................................... 42 13.1 Revision History ............................................................................................................................................. 42
Page: 3 of 42
Distribution: <<>>,<<>>,<<>>
ALARM PHILOSOPHY
Page: 1 of 42
UReason International B.V. Pompoenweg 9, 2321DK Leiden, The Netherlands
DOCUMENT NUMBER Date: 16-Sep-2011 Revision: 1.0
CONTENTS Approval.............................................................................................................................................................................. 5 1 Introduction ................................................................................................................................................................ 6 1.1 Background........................................................................................................................................................... 6 2 Purpose and Use of the Alarm Philosophy ................................................................................................................. 7 2.1 Alarm Management Lifecycle............................................................................................................................... 7 2.2 Relation to HAZOP Studies & LOPA Reviews ...................................................................................................... 10 2.3 Roles and responsibilities ................................................................................................................................... 11 3 Terminology & References ....................................................................................................................................... 12 3.1 Definitions .......................................................................................................................................................... 12 3.2 Acronyms............................................................................................................................................................ 16 3.3 References.......................................................................................................................................................... 17 3.3.1 Industry Standards and Codes .................................................................................................................. 17 3.3.2 Company Standards and Practices............................................................................................................ 17 3.3.3 Other Documents & References ............................................................................................................... 17 4 Alarm Identification .................................................................................................................................................. 18 4.1 Alarm Identification Methods ............................................................................................................................ 18 4.2 Alarm Identification and Alarm MOC Process .................................................................................................... 19 5 Alarm Documentation and Rationalization .............................................................................................................. 20 5.1 Alarm Rationalization Methodology................................................................................................................... 20 5.2 Alarm Priority Determination and Assignment .................................................................................................. 21 5.3 Maximum Time for Response and Correction.................................................................................................... 22 5.4 Alarm Limit Setting ............................................................................................................................................. 22 5.5 Alarm Documentation ........................................................................................................................................ 23 5.6 Alarm Classification ............................................................................................................................................ 24 6 Alarm Design Principles ............................................................................................................................................ 25 6.1 Alarms that Prevent Harm to Personnel and Environment................................................................................ 25 6.1.1 Flammable and Toxic Gas Detector Alarms .............................................................................................. 25 6.1.2 Safety Shower and Eyebath Activation alarms ......................................................................................... 25 6.2 Alarms for Redundant Sensors and Voting Systems .......................................................................................... 25 6.3 Process Optimization Alarms.............................................................................................................................. 25 6.4 Building Related Alarms ..................................................................................................................................... 26 6.5 Instrument Diagnostic Alarms ............................................................................................................................ 26 6.6 External Device Health and Status Alarms ......................................................................................................... 26 6.7 ESD Systems ....................................................................................................................................................... 26 6.8 Maintenance Override Switches - MOS (ESD Byes)..................................................................................... 26 6.9 Duplicate Alarms ................................................................................................................................................ 26 6.10 Consequential Alarms.................................................................................................................................... 26 6.11 Deviation Alarms ........................................................................................................................................... 27 6.12 Pre-Alarms and Trip (Cut-Out) Alarms........................................................................................................... 27 6.13 Alarm Handling for Programs ........................................................................................................................ 27 6.14 Alarms to Initiate Manual Tasks .................................................................................................................... 27 6.15 Control System Diagnostic Alarms................................................................................................................. 27 6.16 Point, Interlock and Program References to Alarms ..................................................................................... 27 6.17 Common Alarms ............................................................................................................................................ 27 7 Alarm Human Machine Interface ............................................................................................................................. 28 7.1 Role of the Operator .......................................................................................................................................... 28 7.2 Responsibilities Related to and in Response to Alarms...................................................................................... 29 7.3 Considerations for alarms routed to multiple operators / locations ................................................................. 29 7.4 Alarm Summary Display Characteristics and Usage ........................................................................................... 29
Page: 2 of 42
UReason International B.V. Pompoenweg 9, 2321DK Leiden, The Netherlands
DOCUMENT NUMBER Date: 16-Sep-2011 Revision: 1.0
7.5 Proper Alarm Indication on Graphics ................................................................................................................. 29 7.6 Annunciated Alarm Priority ................................................................................................................................ 30 7.7 Navigation and Alarm Response......................................................................................................................... 30 7.8 Use of External Annunciators ............................................................................................................................. 30 7.9 Use of Hardwired Switches ................................................................................................................................ 30 8 Alarm System Implementation, Operation and Maintenance.................................................................................. 31 8.1 Alarm Commissioning & Testing practices ......................................................................................................... 31 8.2 Alarm Checkout practices................................................................................................................................... 31 8.3 Alarm Initial Testing............................................................................................................................................ 31 8.4 Alarm Periodic Testing........................................................................................................................................ 31 8.5 Transfer of alarms to a non-functional Maintenance state ............................................................................... 31 8.6 Alarm Shelving.................................................................................................................................................... 31 8.7 Alarm Suppression.............................................................................................................................................. 32 8.8 Alarm System Problem Detection and Resolution ............................................................................................. 32 8.9 Nuisance Alarm Handling and Resolution Work Practices ................................................................................. 32 8.10 Alarm System Initial Training......................................................................................................................... 32 8.11 Alarm System Refresher Training .................................................................................................................. 32 9 Alarm System Performance Monitoring, Assessment, and Audits ........................................................................... 33 9.1 Key Alarm Performance Indicators..................................................................................................................... 33 9.2 Alarm performance Assessment & Audits.......................................................................................................... 33 9.3 Alarm History Preservation ................................................................................................................................ 33 10 Advanced Alarm Handling .................................................................................................................................. 34 10.1 Advanced Alarm Handling Techniques .......................................................................................................... 34 10.2 When to Consider Advanced Alarm Handling Techniques ............................................................................ 35 10.3 Implementing Advanced Alarm Handling...................................................................................................... 36 11 Alarm System Management of Change.............................................................................................................. 37 11.1 Alarm Changes that Require an MOC Process............................................................................................... 37 11.2 The Alarm MOC Process ................................................................................................................................ 38 11.2.1 Requested Changes................................................................................................................................... 38 11.2.2 Unrequested Changes............................................................................................................................... 39 11.2.3 Change Authorization Rules...................................................................................................................... 39 11.2.4 Change History Preservation .................................................................................................................... 39 12 Control System Specific ...................................................................................................................................... 40 12.1 <
Page: 3 of 42
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