Electricity Review Sheet Answers 1g5351

Energy – Test Review

Answers and Additional Information

Grade 6 Definitions Below are the definitions. Fill in the proper term that belongs to the definition. Use your notes. Term

Definition

parallel

- side by side

consumption

- the act of using

phenomenon

- a natural event we perceive with our senses

circuit

- a system of parts that allows electricity to flow

open circuit

- a circuit that does not function because there is a disruption in the electron flow

transform

- change

renewable

- can be replaced

pure water

- water with no impurities such as metals and minerals

non-renewable

- cannot be replaced

series

- one after the other

closed circuit

- a circuit that functions because the electron flow is uninterrupted

circuit diagram

- a drawing of a circuit using symbols for its parts

stationary

- still

- a force that makes energy move impure water

- water with impurities such as metals and minerals (almost all water is in this state)

degrade

- reduce in quality

Insulators and Conductors In general, most metals are good conductors while most non-metals like plastic and rubber are not good conductors. Although a substance like graphite is a non-metal, it is also a conductor. This is because it has metallic properties.

Water – is it a conductor or an insulator? Water, in its purest form, is a poor conductor of electricity. That is because pure water has a low or nonexistent concentration of ions.

Pure water is water that has been physically processed to remove impurities. The process it

undergoes dramatically decreases the concentration of ions. Because of this, pure water is not a good conductor. Impure water has impurities mixed in with it which breaks into ions and therefore impure water

behaves as a good conductor.

Energy Sources Give a description for each energy source below and identify whether they are renewable or nonrenewable. Energy Source

Description

oil

Oil and Gas are used to produce electrical energy, mechanical energy,

coal

Coal is used to produce mechanical, electrical, and heat energy. Coal is

and heat energy. Oil and gas are pumped from wells deep in the ground and under the ocean. They are then sent through pipelines to be refined or cleaned. A sedimentary rock called shale may also contain oil. When oil-containing shale is heated at high temperatures oil can be extracted.

mined underground near the earth's surface. It is burned in its natural form to produce heat. Coal can also be converted to a liquid or gas form. Hydrogen is added to a heated and pressurized mix of coal to produce an oil-like liquid or gaseous product.

solar

Solar Power is renewable because it is provided by the light of the sun.

hydro

Water Power (hydropower) can produce mechanical and electrical

biomass

Biomass means "natural material." When biomass energy is burned, it

The best things about solar electricity are that it is free, everlasting, and non-polluting. When the sun shines on solar cells they absorb its energy, causing a chemical reaction that generates electricity - just like in a solar powered calculator. More complicated solar systems can be used to provide electricity to pump water, power communications equipment, and even provide electricity to our homes.

energy. Dams are used to contain flowing river water forming lakes and reservoirs. As water flows downhill it is channelled to a turbine or water wheel. The force of the flowing water turns the turbine or wheel, which turns a generator to make the electricity. Water power has been used for hundreds of years to create mechanical energy for grinding, pumping and running machinery.

releases heat, just like the wood logs in your campfire. Biomass energy uses natural materials like trees and plants to make electricity. It can also mean waste products like trash. It is the second-most common form of renewable energy we use in North America, providing enough electricity to power more than two million homes. Some of the material they use includes:     

Leftover wood from sawmills Leftover paper and wood waste from paper mills Corn stalks, corn cobs and seed corn from farms Paper and cardboard that can't be recycled in other ways Fast-growing crops and trees

wind

Wind Power is energy that is produced directly from the wind by using

nuclear

Nuclear Power is used to make electricity. Inside a reactor atoms from

geothermal

Geothermal is heat energy from deep in the earth using special pipes buried underground. In some areas of the world steam is collected and used to turn turbine generators. In many areas pumps circulate water that is cooled in summer and heated water from the always-mild earth temperature several feet below the surface. This water is used in heat pumps that can cool and heat homes and buildings and can provide hot water.

a wind turbine. Not only is this resource free and renewable, it also emits no harmful greenhouse gases.

a fuel called uranium are split by neutrons (nuclear fission). This energy is released as heat which changes water into steam that runs turbine generators.

While these power sources are used to produce most of the earth's electricity, it is important to that some of them are non-renewable, which means that they cannot be naturally restored in a short period of time. We always run the risk of exhausting our supply of nonrenewable power resources.

Sample Questions i. What is the difference between static and current electricity. For example; Static electricity usually occurs when electricity is at rest. This refers to the electricity present in a surface materials and substances. On the other hand, current electricity happens when there is constant movement of electrons in a particular direction, such as when they flow towards a conducting material. Static electricity is the buildup of electrical charges on the surface of some object or material. Static electricity is usually created when materials are pulled apart or rubbed together, causing positive (+) charges to collect on one material and negative (−) charges on the other surface. Results from static electricity may be sparks, shocks or materials clinging together.

ii.

Draw a diagram that shows how an insulator works. Don't forget to label your diagram.

iii.

How does knowing about conductors and insulators help you to understand safety rules? For example; Knowing about conductors and insulators helps us to realize that electricity can be extremely dangerous if not insulated properly. iv.

How would you describe a series circuit and a parallel circuit? Draw a diagram for each one. For example; A series circuit has only one path for the electrons to take between any two points in this circuit. In other words, the components, which are the battery, the switch, and light, are all in “series” with each other. In a parallel circuit the electricity has several paths that it can travel.

v.

Name the components of a circuit and give an example for each. component

a power source a load connectors a control device

vi.

example a battery or generator a light bulb or motor wires a switch, circuit breaker or fuse

What would happen to a series circuit if one of the light bulbs went out?

All of the lights will go out. viii.

Choose 6 energy sources and list the advantages and disadvantages for each.

___________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________ ix.

Name some ways you can conserve energy.

Answers will vary.