Education System In America 1n2gb

Education System in America  History of school system  How do people perceive education?  How has schools changed over time.  Stable features of education.  How to improve?  Who are the major participants?

 Does school works better for some of society?  Theories of education 1. The functionalist theory 2. The conflict theory . Public school VS. Private school

Yanhui Zhu

History of School System  17th Century (Colonial era) The first America school opened in 17 th century. Boston Latin School is the first public school and oldest existing school in the united states.

 18th & 19th Century (Federal era) 1. By the year 1870, all states had free elementary schools. 2. Public school were always under local control. 3. Adults became teachers without ant particular skill. 4. Most class was done in the one room school houses by teaching students of various ages and abilities together using the Monitorial System.

 20th Century (Progressive era) 1. John Dewey saws schools not only as a place to gain content knowledge, but also as a place to learn how to live. 2. The Higher Education Act of 1965 set up federal scholarships and low-interest loans for college students, and subsidized better academic libraries. 3. Education in the United States was segregated based upon race. In the south, many states had law prohibiting teaching enslaved African American to read or write. 4. In 1954, the Supreme Court in Brown v. Board of Education unanimously declared that separate facilities were inherently unequal and unconstitutional.

How do people perceive education?  Compulsory Education Law -Compulsory education laws require children attend a public or stateaccredited private school for a certain period of time. -Massachusetts ed the first compulsory school laws in 1852. New York followed the next year, and by 1918, all American children were required to attend at least elementary school.

 Policy since 2000 -“No Child Lift Behind” was a major national law ed by bipartisan coalition in Congress in 2002. in exchange for more federal aid, the states were required to measure progress and punish school that were not meeting the goal as measure by standardized states exams in math and language skills.

 Function of school 1. 2. 3.

Culture transmission Training and social control Socialization

Improvements of schools over time 1. 2. 3. 4. 5.

Heightened school security: security cameras, enforced dress codes, security, etc. Zero-tolerance policy for possession or use of weapons and drugs. Bullying and violence prevention programs Mental health counseling Free textbook and tuition-waiver

Why schools need to improve?  Avoid school violence 1. 1999 Columbine High School Shooting 2. 2016 UCLA shooting

Stable features of education 1. Socialization: children need to learn the norms, values, and skills they need to function in society. 2. Social integration: a dynamic and structured process in which all participate in dialogue to achieve and maintain peaceful social relations. 3. Social placement: children are prepared in the most appropriate way possible for their later station in life.

As a way to better accommodate member of society, how to improve school? 90%

1. Allocate more resources for public school, such as: technology improvements 2. Classroom supplies 3. Up-to-date textbooks

80% 70% 60% 50% 40% 30% 20% 10%

0% technology uses in public school

electronic white board wireless internet access tablet computer

Who are the major participants? 1. Children (age from 6 to 18) 2. Parents 3. Department of education

What are their roles and statues?  Children are the students in school and their parents supervise and them.  Department of education provide financial aid to specific individuals, collects educational data, explores ways of improving education in specific subject areas, and recognizes issues in education, make them public and works to find potential solutions for them.

Does school work better for some member of society?  School is a useful socialization tool for children, whoever wants to learn norms, values, and skills can participate this institution. No matte what race, female, or male, everyone deserve an opportunity to learn and develop themselves to achieve their life goals.

Functionalist Theory 1. Conveying basic knowledge and skills to next generation. 2. Socializing people into society’s main stream 3. Transmission of core values and social control 4. Sorting-separating students on the basic merit. Society needs demand that the most capable people get channeled into the most important occupations. 5. Promoting social integration 6. Providing child care and stimulating cultural innovation.

Conflict Theory 1. Maintaining social inequality and preserving the power of those who dominate society. 2. Schools sort along distinct class and ethnic lines. 3. Schools train those in the working classes to accept their position as a lower-class member of society. 4. Education is not a social benefit or opportunity, but a powerful means of maintaining power structures and creating a docile work force for capitalism.

Public school vs. Private school Public school 1. 2. 3.

4.

5.

Funded by local government Class size: 25-35 students All teachers in a public school are usually state certified. Public school must follow state guidelines that set out specific standards and assessment procedures. Various options of activities and course.

Private school 1. Funded, owned and operated by private organizations. 2. Class size: 10-15 students 3. teachers in private schools may not be required to have certification. 4. Private school can choose whatever curriculum and assessment model they want 5. Less activities and choices of course.

Public vs. private enrollment Public school

Private school Race

Race White 5% 25% 54% 16%

Black Hispanic Asian/Paci fic Islander

10% 6% 9%

74%

White Black Hispanic Asian/Pacifi c Islander

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