Arus Equator 66x58

Arus Equatorial Dr.Sc. Anindya Wirasatriya, ST, Msi, MSc

Academic Background ST : Marine Science, Diponegoro University(1995-2000)  MSi : Coastal Resources Management, Diponegoro University (2002-2005)  MSc : Satellite Oceanography, Tohoku University, Japan (2009-2011)  Dr Sc : Satellite Oceanograhy, Tohoku University, Japan (2012-2015) 

•email:

SIRKULASI ARUS GLOBAL

POLA ANGIN SECARA GLOBAL

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ATMOSFER & BUMI  SATU SISTEM YG SALING MEMPENGARUHI

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ANGIN BERTIUP DARI DAERAH TEKANAN TINGGI MENUJU DAERAH TEKANAN RENDAH  ANGIN PASAT

Mengapa angin pasat bertiup dari timurlaut & tenggara dan tidak bertiup langsung dari utara atau selatan ?

Pola sirkulasi atmosphere jika bumi tidak berotasi

Pola sirkulasi berotasi

atmosphere

jika

bumi

Sirkulasi atmosphere aktual

SIRKULASI ARUS PERMUKAAN GLOBAL

POLA ARUS PERMUKAAN GLOBAL

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Gyre : sirkulasi arus skala besar Pola sirkulasi ini terbentuk karena pengaruh sistem angin permukaan, gaya coriolis & benua yg merupakan penghalang & membelokkan arus. Pola sirkulasi di utara ekuator  searah jarum jam & di selatan ekuator  berlawanan dg putaran jarum jam

SURFACE OCEAN CURRENTS AROUND SEMIPERMANENT HIGH EAST GREENLAND C.

ALASKAN STREAM

ALASKAN

LABRADOR C.

NORTH ATLANTIC C.

CURRENT OYASHIO C. NORTH PACIFIC C.. KUROSHIO C.

GULF STREAM

H

CALIFORNIA C.

H

CANARY CURRENT

NORTH

NORTH EQUATORIAL CURRENT EQUATORIAL C. SOMALI C. EQUATORIAL COUNTER CURRENT

SW MONSOON C.

EQUATORIAL COUNTER C.

SOUTH EQUATORIAL C. SOUTH EQUATORIAL CURRENT

H

AGULHAS C.

H

H

EAST AUSTRALIAN C.

PERU CHILE C.

SOUTH PACIFIC C.

SOUTH INDIAN C. ANTARTIC CIRCUMPOLAR CURRENT (WEST WIND CURRENT)

H BRAZIL C. SOUTH ATLANTIC CURRENT

SOUTH EQUATORIAL CURRENT BENGUELA CURRENT

•Indonesian throughflow / ARLINDO

•Schematic of Indonesian Throughflow pathways (black numbers represent previously determined transport in Sverdrups (10 6 m3/s), and red numbers are total transports determined for the inflow and outflow ages. ME is the Mindanao Eddy and HE is the Halmahera Eddy. Insets A-D show positions of INSTANT moorings. Inset A: Makassar Strait inflow moorings (USA: red diamond) within Labani Channel. Inset C: Lifamatola age mooring (Netherlands: yellow triangle). Inset B and D: Lesser Sunda Island moorings in Ombai Strait and Lombok Strait (USA: red diamonds) and Timor age (: purple square;Australia: green circles), and shallow coastal

SAMUDR A ATLANTI K

SISTEM ARUS PERMUKAAN LAUTAN ATLANTIK 

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GYRE DI SELATAN : ARUS EKUATOR, ARUS BRASIL, ARUS ATLANTIK & ARUS BENGGALA GYRE DI UTARA : ARUS EKUATOR, ARUS FLORIDA & GULFSREAM , ARUS ATLANTIK UTARA, ARUS CANARY ARUS EKUATOR SELATAN DLM GERAKANNYA KE ARAH BARAT TERPECAH MENJADI 2 SEBAGIAN KE UTARA MELINTASI EKUATOR & BERGABUNG DI PERAIRAN FLORIDA & SEBAGIAN BERGERAK KE SELATAN MEMBENTUK ARUS BRASIL.

SAMUDRA PASIFIK

SISTEM ARUS PERMUKAAN LAUTAN PASIFIK 

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GYRE DI UTARA : ARUS EKUATOR, ARUS KUROSHIO, ARUS PASIFIK UTARA & ARUS CALIFORNIA GYRE DI SELATAN : ARUS EKUATOR, ARUS AUSTRALIA TIMUR, ARUS PASIFIK SELATAN & ARUS PERU-CHILE

SAMUDRA HINDIA

SISTEM ARUS PERMUKAAN LAUTAN HINDIA  

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BATAS UTARA 25 °U & 40 °S DIPENGARUHI MONSOON  SIRKULASI ARUS PERMUKAAN BERUBAH DENGAN MUSIM NOV – MARET (ANGIN DARI TIMUR LAUT) MEI – SEPTEMBER (ANGIN DARI BARAT DAYA)

MEKANISME TERBENTUKNYA ARUS EKUATOR

SISTEM ARUS EKUATOR 

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L. PASIFIK + L. ATLANTIK + L. HINDIA (NE MONSOON) : – ARUS EKUATOR UTARA (NEC) – ARUS BALIK EKUATOR (ECC) – ARUS EKUATOR SELATAN (SEC) SELAIN ITU  ARUS BAWAH EKUATOR (EQUATORIAL UNDER CURRENT) ATAU ARUS CROM WELL (1951) SISTEM ARUS EKUATOR  KETIDAKSIMETRIAN ANGIN PASAT TERHADAP EKUATOR. ANGIN PASAT BERTEMU DI DOLDRUM (DAERAH ANGIN LEMAH).

Montgomery and Palmen (1941) The trade winds, by continually exerting a westward stress on the sea surface, produce a westward ascent of sea level along the Equator. This slope amounts to about 4 cm per thousand km, and the accompanying pressure gradient extends down to about 150 cm in the Atlantic Ocean. The Equatorial Counter Currents are found in the doldrums and apparently result simply as a downslope flow in this zone where the winds maintaining the slope are absent.

MEKANISME  ARUS EQUATOR

ARUS BAWAH EKUATOR (EQUATOR UNDER CURRENT)

•Depth: The surface currents flow west. There is reversal point about 40 m down, where the water starts to flow east. The current goes down to about 400 m. •Flow rate:The total flow is up to around 30 000 000 cubic meters per second. The top speed is around 1.5 m/s (this is about twice as fast as the westerly surface current) •Length:13,000 km

TERIMA KASIH