Approaches To Teaching Literature 6hq1a

Approaches to Teaching Literature

Overview Methods must: • show how language, literature and composition are inseparable • show how teachers can teach them in a logical organized manner • show the necessity and means of skills instruction (spelling, vocabulary, reading, library, dictionary skills)

Overview Methods must: • make teachers know how to stimulate interest, communicate with students, draw their experiences • make teachers speculate what was right and wrong in past lessons • help teachers develop good attitudes and enthusiasm for teaching

Classification of instructional practices (Carlsen, 1965: 364) • Teacher tells (students memorizes and stores) • Teacher moulds (students conforms) • Teacher stimulates (students teach themselves) The most likelihood in M’sian setting

Harding modes of presentation • The child and the book (making materials accessible to the students) • The literature as group experience (inclusive of all types of genres) • Presentation of materials accompanied by discussion (accessible materials should be readable by students without help)

3 Main Approaches to Teaching Literature (Carter, 1988: 3)

• Information-based approach • Personal response-based approach • Language-based approach

Information-based Approach • • • •

Treat literature as a source of facts Students read for information Classes are teacher-centred Students will become knowledgeable in history • Little engagement with literary text

Personal response-based Approach • Aimed at motivating students to relate the literary themes and topics to their personal experience • Classes are student-centred • Emphasize question-discussion methodologies

Language-based Approach • • • •

Activity-based Classes are student-centred Developing language competence Leading to productive used of the language

Approach and Method • See page 59 and 60 of Rosli Talif book

A Survey of Approaches to Literature • • • • • • • •

Practical criticism New criticism/Formalistic approach Reader response/Transactional approach Schema approach Literary stylistics approach Literary history/New historicism approach Biographical approach Psychological approach

A Survey of Approaches to Literature • • • • •

Socio-psychological approach Paraphrastic approach Cognitive psychology approach Mythological and archetypal approaches Moral-philosophical approach

Language-based Approaches Developing study skills in reading literature • Prediction • Summary • Forum or debate • Re-translation • opinionnaire

Prediction • Elicit prediction at crucial points in the text • Identify the crucial point • Ask students to make predictions in group

Summary • Let students to tell the story • Discuss certain elements like plot and themes • Allow students to be familiar with the set-up of interpreting text

Forum or Debate • Proposing versus opposing views on text • Stimulates oral language practice • Promotes different tolerance of different interpretations of the same text

Re-translation • From target language to native language • Compared both versions • Able to gauge lexical and structural level in writing

Opinionnaire • Nope. Don’t do this.